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The Contributions of Source Expertise and Explanation Simplicity to Evaluation of Competing Explanations
The Contributions of Source Expertise and Explanation Simplicity to Evaluation of Competing Explanations
Detailed Information
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202105136
- ISBN
- 9798293866779
- DDC
- 153
- 서명/저자
- The Contributions of Source Expertise and Explanation Simplicity to Evaluation of Competing Explanations
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : University of Minnesota, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 167 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Kendeou, Panayiota.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Minnesota, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Much of our thinking is directed toward trying to explain something, or to understand why it happened. Having a good explanation can aid in our ability to make predictions and appreciate the mechanisms underlying puzzling phenomena. Given the importance of explanations for understanding and prediction, investigating how people comprehend and evaluate them is an important question to pursue. The reality is that much of what people are trying to understand and make decisions about is complex and difficult to observe. Thus, much of our understanding comes from comprehending and evaluating explanations given to us by other people. Considerable research in the areas of discourse comprehension and explanatory virtues have shed light on how multiple competing claims are comprehended and evaluated on one hand, and how explanations are evaluated on the other. Together, this research suggests that the evaluation of competing explanations may depend on features of the source, including source expertise, as well as features of each explanation, including the simplicity of its causal structure. However, these two accounts have not been integrated, and there are open questions about how readers might evaluate disagreeing explanations that vary in both simplicity and source expertise and what they might infer caused disagreements between sources to begin with. To address this gap, I devised a series of three experiments in which participants read stimulus pairs about the physical symptoms of fictional patients and two competing explanations for the patients' symptoms, each from its own source. Each explanation could vary in its simplicity, and the corresponding source could vary in its expertise. In Experiment 1, the stimulus pairs varied in both their simplicity and their sources' expertise. The influences of cues manipulated in Experiment 1 were systematically examined in Experiments 2 and 3. In Experiment 2, the same stimuli about patients were used. I varied only the sources' expertise, and used all simple explanations. The individual sources each varied in their expertise, and the pairs of sources varied in whether the two sources had the same or differing levels of expertise. This allowed for a systematic examination of the effect of cues, both when variability within the disagreement might draw attention to the cues and when there was a lack of variability. A similar design was used to examine the contribution of the simplicity cue in Experiment 3. The simplicity of each competing explanation was varied, as well as whether or not the level of simplicity varied between explanations. In each experiment, I measured participants' final evaluations of the probability that each explanation accounts for the patient's symptoms, the causes attributed to the disagreements, and the downstream attitudes about learning more about the topic, specifically participants' curiosity about the topic, their confidence in their ability to learn about the topic, and the extent to which they valued expertise on the topic. Across the three studies, I found support for an additive hypothesis, in which both simplicity and source expertise influence evaluations of competing explanations additively, but not interactively. Furthermore, the combinations of source expertise conditions and simplicity conditions seemed to influence the causes attributed to the disagreements. Namely, disagreements between sources that differed in their expertise were more likely to be attributed to differences in sources' expertise; however, disagreements were more likely to be attributed to complexity of the topic when both sources were expert, and especially when both competing explanations were complex. Results are discussed in light of existing research and theories about the evaluation of competing explanations.
- 일반주제명
- Cognitive psychology
- 일반주제명
- Experimental psychology
- 일반주제명
- Developmental psychology
- 키워드
- Curiosity
- 키워드
- Predictions
- 키워드
- Evaluation
- 기타저자
- University of Minnesota Educational Psychology
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-03B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■020 ▼a9798293866779
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■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a153
■1001 ▼aHarsch, Rina Miyata.
■24510▼aThe Contributions of Source Expertise and Explanation Simplicity to Evaluation of Competing Explanations
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity of Minnesota▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a167 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Kendeou, Panayiota.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of Minnesota, 2025.
■520 ▼aMuch of our thinking is directed toward trying to explain something, or to understand why it happened. Having a good explanation can aid in our ability to make predictions and appreciate the mechanisms underlying puzzling phenomena. Given the importance of explanations for understanding and prediction, investigating how people comprehend and evaluate them is an important question to pursue. The reality is that much of what people are trying to understand and make decisions about is complex and difficult to observe. Thus, much of our understanding comes from comprehending and evaluating explanations given to us by other people. Considerable research in the areas of discourse comprehension and explanatory virtues have shed light on how multiple competing claims are comprehended and evaluated on one hand, and how explanations are evaluated on the other. Together, this research suggests that the evaluation of competing explanations may depend on features of the source, including source expertise, as well as features of each explanation, including the simplicity of its causal structure. However, these two accounts have not been integrated, and there are open questions about how readers might evaluate disagreeing explanations that vary in both simplicity and source expertise and what they might infer caused disagreements between sources to begin with. To address this gap, I devised a series of three experiments in which participants read stimulus pairs about the physical symptoms of fictional patients and two competing explanations for the patients' symptoms, each from its own source. Each explanation could vary in its simplicity, and the corresponding source could vary in its expertise. In Experiment 1, the stimulus pairs varied in both their simplicity and their sources' expertise. The influences of cues manipulated in Experiment 1 were systematically examined in Experiments 2 and 3. In Experiment 2, the same stimuli about patients were used. I varied only the sources' expertise, and used all simple explanations. The individual sources each varied in their expertise, and the pairs of sources varied in whether the two sources had the same or differing levels of expertise. This allowed for a systematic examination of the effect of cues, both when variability within the disagreement might draw attention to the cues and when there was a lack of variability. A similar design was used to examine the contribution of the simplicity cue in Experiment 3. The simplicity of each competing explanation was varied, as well as whether or not the level of simplicity varied between explanations. In each experiment, I measured participants' final evaluations of the probability that each explanation accounts for the patient's symptoms, the causes attributed to the disagreements, and the downstream attitudes about learning more about the topic, specifically participants' curiosity about the topic, their confidence in their ability to learn about the topic, and the extent to which they valued expertise on the topic. Across the three studies, I found support for an additive hypothesis, in which both simplicity and source expertise influence evaluations of competing explanations additively, but not interactively. Furthermore, the combinations of source expertise conditions and simplicity conditions seemed to influence the causes attributed to the disagreements. Namely, disagreements between sources that differed in their expertise were more likely to be attributed to differences in sources' expertise; however, disagreements were more likely to be attributed to complexity of the topic when both sources were expert, and especially when both competing explanations were complex. Results are discussed in light of existing research and theories about the evaluation of competing explanations.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0130.
■650 4▼aCognitive psychology
■650 4▼aExperimental psychology
■650 4▼aDevelopmental psychology
■653 ▼aCuriosity
■653 ▼aCompeting explanations
■653 ▼aPredictions
■653 ▼aDiscourse comprehension
■653 ▼aEvaluation
■690 ▼a0633
■690 ▼a0620
■690 ▼a0623
■71020▼aUniversity of Minnesota▼bEducational Psychology.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-03B.
■790 ▼a0130
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359552▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.
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