본문

서브메뉴

Tuning the Supramolecular Properties of Peptide Amphiphiles as Therapeutics for the Central Nervous System
Tuning the Supramolecular Properties of Peptide Amphiphiles as Therapeutics for the Centra...
Tuning the Supramolecular Properties of Peptide Amphiphiles as Therapeutics for the Central Nervous System

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105313
ISBN  
9798265484048
DDC  
547
저자명  
Gao, Zijun.
서명/저자  
Tuning the Supramolecular Properties of Peptide Amphiphiles as Therapeutics for the Central Nervous System
발행사항  
[Sl] : Northwestern University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
336 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-06, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Stupp, Samuel Issac.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Northwestern University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약The central nervous system (CNS) is the primary integrative center that regulates cognition, perception, memory, sensation and motor control. Structurally the CNS is composed of the brain and the spinal cord, and at a cellular level it consists of a diverse population of cells including neurons and supportive cells such as astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes. Because of the highly restricted capability for neuron regeneration and the complex interplay between neurons and supportive cells, injuries and diseases in the CNS are often irreversible and always devastating. Therefore, there is an urgent demand for developing therapies that target repair of damage in the CNS. This work specifically focused on three CNS targets: neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), in which pathological protein aggregation is associated with neurotoxicity and substantial loss of neural tissue; ischemic stroke, in which a blockage in the brain vasculature temporarily cuts off the supply of oxygen and nutrients to part of the brain but leading to permanent brain damage; and delivery across the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which is a significant barrier separating the peripheral circulation and the brain, restricting the systemic delivery of therapeutic and diagnostic agents to the brain. Self-assembly is a ubiquitous process in the functional structures of living systems. Inspired by the fundamental principles of self-assembly in nature, supramolecular polymers represent an attractive platform for constructing synthetic nanomaterials utilizing non-covalent interactions. Peptide amphiphiles (PAs) are a class of supramolecular polymer with capabilities of forming diverse nanostructures for a wide range of biomedical applications. The work described in this thesis utilized PAs as the chemical toolbox and focused on tuning the supramolecular properties of PAs as a chemical toolbox to approach the three CNS targets. Specifically, the hydrophilic terminus of PAs was covalently functionalized with a glycan moiety to enable amyloid entrapment in order to combat neurodegeneration, a neuroprotective PA designed to have limited -sheet structure was explored to enhance supramolecular motion and therefore cell signaling in order to optimize neural recovery post ischemic stroke, and also the hydrophobic lipid-like segments of PAs were modified to reduce supramolecular cohesion and increase BBB crossing efficiency. In Chapter 2 of this thesis, glycopeptide amphiphiles functionalized with a non-reducing disaccharide, trehalose, were developed to target pathological protein aggregation in NDs including Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Trehalose has been reported as a protein chaperone that stabilizes protein structures and prevents their misfolding and aggregation. It was initially hypothesized that the dense display of trehalose at PA nanofiber surface would allow the nanofibers to stabilize proteins and prevent their aggregation. Interestingly, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) showed that non-annealed trehalose-PA (TPA) formed long nanofibers whereas thermally annealed TPA was transformed into micellar aggregates. Variable-temperature circular dichroism (CD) and SAXS revealed that the trehalose functionalization introduced metastability to the internal order of PA nanofibers, resulting in a lower transition temperature from their liquid crystalline state containing high-aspect-ratio supramolecular nanofibers with -sheets to the isotropic state. To evaluate TPA's bioactivity against protein aggregation, amyloid beta 1-42 (A42) was used as a model protein as it is reported to be the major toxic aggregating factor in AD. PAs were exposed to monomeric A42 and allowed to incubate. A fluorescence kinetic assay using thioflavin T revealed that non-annealed TPA fibers were able to inhibit amyloid aggregation whereas annealed TPA micelles were not, suggesting that fiber morphology was essential for such inhibition. Using transmission electron microscopy, and confocal fluorescence microscopy, it was found that this metastability allowed TPA nanofibers to engage in favorable interactions with A42 and form a supramolecular copolymer with it. Course-grain molecular dynamic simulations of the copolymerization further showed that fibers provided scaffolds with heterotypic surface contacts that were necessary for the effective entrapment of amyloid proteins. Bioactivity evaluations using human motor and cortical neurons showed that the metastable TPA nanofibers were able to prevent amyloid toxicity and promote neuron survival. Live-cell imaging of neuron lysosomes further demonstrated that TPA nanofibers effectively trapped A42 inside the hybrid nanostructures and prevented their entry into lysosomes for activation of neurotoxicity. This chapter highlighted the potential of properly tuned supramolecular polymerizations of monomers to safely remove amyloidogenic proteins in neurodegeneration, provided they can be localized to the brain by utilizing the inherent BBB leakiness in NDs or alternative BBB-permeating strategies. The work described in Chapter 3 of this thesis investigated the potential of a neuroprotective PA as adjunct therapy for ischemic stroke, another increasingly important treatment for CNS damage. The current therapy for ischemic stroke relies on the removal of vessel blockage to restore blood blow using. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest).
일반주제명  
Organic chemistry
일반주제명  
Chemistry
일반주제명  
Biochemistry
키워드  
Biomaterials
키워드  
Central nervous system
키워드  
Nanomedicine
키워드  
Peptide amphiphiles
키워드  
Supramolecular chemistry
기타저자  
Northwestern University Chemistry
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-06B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

 008260126s2025        us                              c    eng  d
■001000017360164
■00520260202105313
■006m          o    d                
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020    ▼a9798265484048
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32285696
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a547
■1001  ▼aGao,  Zijun.
■24510▼aTuning  the  Supramolecular  Properties  of  Peptide  Amphiphiles  as  Therapeutics  for  the  Central  Nervous  System
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bNorthwestern  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a336  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-06,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Stupp,  Samuel  Issac.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Northwestern  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aThe  central  nervous  system  (CNS)  is  the  primary  integrative  center  that  regulates  cognition,  perception,  memory,  sensation  and  motor  control.  Structurally  the  CNS  is  composed  of  the  brain  and  the  spinal  cord,  and  at  a  cellular  level  it  consists  of  a  diverse  population  of  cells  including  neurons  and  supportive  cells  such  as  astrocytes,  microglia,  and  oligodendrocytes.  Because  of  the  highly  restricted  capability  for  neuron  regeneration  and  the  complex  interplay  between  neurons  and  supportive  cells,  injuries  and  diseases  in  the  CNS  are  often  irreversible  and  always  devastating.  Therefore,  there  is  an  urgent  demand  for  developing  therapies  that  target  repair  of  damage  in  the  CNS.  This  work  specifically  focused  on  three  CNS  targets:  neurodegenerative  diseases  (NDs),  in  which  pathological  protein  aggregation  is  associated  with  neurotoxicity  and  substantial  loss  of  neural  tissue;  ischemic  stroke,  in  which  a  blockage  in  the  brain  vasculature  temporarily  cuts  off  the  supply  of  oxygen  and  nutrients  to  part  of  the  brain  but  leading  to  permanent  brain  damage;  and  delivery  across  the  blood-brain  barrier  (BBB),  which  is  a  significant  barrier  separating  the  peripheral  circulation  and  the  brain,  restricting  the  systemic  delivery  of  therapeutic  and  diagnostic  agents  to  the  brain.  Self-assembly  is  a  ubiquitous  process  in  the  functional  structures  of  living  systems.  Inspired  by  the  fundamental  principles  of  self-assembly  in  nature,  supramolecular  polymers  represent  an  attractive  platform  for  constructing  synthetic  nanomaterials  utilizing  non-covalent  interactions.  Peptide  amphiphiles  (PAs)  are  a  class  of  supramolecular  polymer  with  capabilities  of  forming  diverse  nanostructures  for  a  wide  range  of  biomedical  applications.  The  work  described  in  this  thesis  utilized  PAs  as  the  chemical  toolbox  and  focused  on  tuning  the  supramolecular  properties  of  PAs  as  a  chemical  toolbox  to  approach  the  three  CNS  targets.  Specifically,  the  hydrophilic  terminus  of  PAs  was  covalently  functionalized  with  a  glycan  moiety  to  enable  amyloid  entrapment  in  order  to  combat  neurodegeneration,  a  neuroprotective  PA  designed  to  have  limited  -sheet  structure  was  explored  to  enhance  supramolecular  motion  and  therefore  cell  signaling  in  order  to  optimize  neural  recovery  post  ischemic  stroke,  and  also  the  hydrophobic  lipid-like  segments  of  PAs  were  modified  to  reduce  supramolecular  cohesion  and  increase  BBB  crossing  efficiency.  In  Chapter  2  of  this  thesis,  glycopeptide  amphiphiles  functionalized  with  a  non-reducing  disaccharide,  trehalose,  were  developed  to  target  pathological  protein  aggregation  in  NDs  including  Alzheimer's  Disease  (AD)  and  amyotrophic  lateral  sclerosis  (ALS).  Trehalose  has  been  reported  as  a  protein  chaperone  that  stabilizes  protein  structures  and  prevents  their  misfolding  and  aggregation.  It  was  initially  hypothesized  that  the  dense  display  of  trehalose  at  PA  nanofiber  surface  would  allow  the  nanofibers  to  stabilize  proteins  and  prevent  their  aggregation.  Interestingly,  transmission  electron  microscopy  (TEM)  and  small-angle  X-ray  scattering  (SAXS)  showed  that  non-annealed  trehalose-PA  (TPA)  formed  long  nanofibers  whereas  thermally  annealed  TPA  was  transformed  into  micellar  aggregates.  Variable-temperature  circular  dichroism  (CD)  and  SAXS  revealed  that  the  trehalose  functionalization  introduced  metastability  to  the  internal  order  of  PA  nanofibers,  resulting  in  a  lower  transition  temperature  from  their  liquid  crystalline  state  containing  high-aspect-ratio  supramolecular  nanofibers  with  -sheets  to  the  isotropic  state.  To  evaluate  TPA's  bioactivity  against  protein  aggregation,  amyloid  beta  1-42  (A42)  was  used  as  a  model  protein  as  it  is  reported  to  be  the  major  toxic  aggregating  factor  in  AD.  PAs  were  exposed  to  monomeric  A42  and  allowed  to  incubate.  A  fluorescence  kinetic  assay  using  thioflavin  T  revealed  that  non-annealed  TPA  fibers  were  able  to  inhibit  amyloid  aggregation  whereas  annealed  TPA  micelles  were  not,  suggesting  that  fiber  morphology  was  essential  for  such  inhibition.  Using  transmission  electron  microscopy,  and  confocal  fluorescence  microscopy,  it  was  found  that  this  metastability  allowed  TPA  nanofibers  to  engage  in  favorable  interactions  with  A42  and  form  a  supramolecular  copolymer  with  it.  Course-grain  molecular  dynamic  simulations  of  the  copolymerization  further  showed  that  fibers  provided  scaffolds  with  heterotypic  surface  contacts  that  were  necessary  for  the  effective  entrapment  of  amyloid  proteins.  Bioactivity  evaluations  using  human  motor  and  cortical  neurons  showed  that  the  metastable  TPA  nanofibers  were  able  to  prevent  amyloid  toxicity  and  promote  neuron  survival.  Live-cell  imaging  of  neuron  lysosomes  further  demonstrated  that  TPA  nanofibers  effectively  trapped  A42  inside  the  hybrid  nanostructures  and  prevented  their  entry  into  lysosomes  for  activation  of  neurotoxicity.  This  chapter  highlighted  the  potential  of  properly  tuned  supramolecular  polymerizations  of  monomers  to  safely  remove  amyloidogenic  proteins  in  neurodegeneration,  provided  they  can  be  localized  to  the  brain  by  utilizing  the  inherent  BBB  leakiness  in  NDs  or  alternative  BBB-permeating  strategies.  The  work  described  in  Chapter  3  of  this  thesis  investigated  the  potential  of  a  neuroprotective  PA  as  adjunct  therapy  for  ischemic  stroke,  another  increasingly  important  treatment  for  CNS  damage.  The  current  therapy  for  ischemic  stroke  relies  on  the  removal  of  vessel  blockage  to  restore  blood  blow  using.  (Abstract  shortened  by  ProQuest).
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0163.
■650  4▼aOrganic  chemistry
■650  4▼aChemistry
■650  4▼aBiochemistry
■653    ▼aBiomaterials
■653    ▼aCentral  nervous  system
■653    ▼aNanomedicine
■653    ▼aPeptide  amphiphiles
■653    ▼aSupramolecular  chemistry
■690    ▼a0490
■690    ▼a0487
■690    ▼a0485
■71020▼aNorthwestern  University▼bChemistry.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-06B.
■790    ▼a0163
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360164▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

미리보기

내보내기

chatGPT토론

Ai 추천 관련 도서


    신착도서 더보기
    최근 3년간 통계입니다.

    소장정보

    • 예약
    • 소재불명신고
    • 나의폴더
    • 우선정리요청
    • 비도서대출신청
    • 야간 도서대출신청
    소장자료
    등록번호 청구기호 소장처 대출가능여부 대출정보
    TF16915 전자도서 대출가능 마이폴더 부재도서신고 비도서대출신청 야간 도서대출신청

    * 대출중인 자료에 한하여 예약이 가능합니다. 예약을 원하시면 예약버튼을 클릭하십시오.

    해당 도서를 다른 이용자가 함께 대출한 도서

    관련 인기도서

    로그인 후 이용 가능합니다.