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On Representations of Differential Equations for State Space Statistical Forecasting
On Representations of Differential Equations for State Space Statistical Forecasting
On Representations of Differential Equations for State Space Statistical Forecasting

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105704
ISBN  
9798263308155
DDC  
621.3
저자명  
Naumer, Helmuth.
서명/저자  
On Representations of Differential Equations for State Space Statistical Forecasting
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
196 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Kamalabadi, Farzad.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약The key to understanding the statistical limitations of a problem is often in finding the right representation of the space. Under sub-optimal representations, guarantees on the performance of an estimator can be too loose or even seemingly contradictory due to the inherently local nature of frequentist statistics. This work investigates several interconnected problems in forecasting dynamical systems: seeking to use different parameterizations of the system to provide strong statistical guarantees on the underlying families of probability distributions and to complete a detailed analysis of specific estimators applied to the problem. We begin this work with a focus on linear space-invariant spatiotemporal processes. When observations are made at discrete time steps, we identify statistical guarantees around a grid-based approximation of an inherently continuous system defined by a partial differential equation (PDE). In particular, by applying a Fourier transform to the grid approximation, we provide guarantees on the performance of the Kalman filter under mismatched model assumptions, as well as the least-squares estimator of the underlying state-transition operator. Many generalizations of the core analysis are outlined throughout the chapter, including an extension to piecewise constant dynamics. The second focus of this work is on deterministic nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) under noisy observations. Assuming Lipschitz continuity of the differential equation, we demonstrate that the set of trajectories of a system form a manifold where each trajectory corresponds to a single point. This realization motivates a collection of different perspectives on the forecasting problem based on properties of different time horizons. By considering the family of observations to be parameterized by the state of the system, we prove the often contradictory behavior of the infinitely large Cramer-Rao lower bound in the neighborhood of repelling points, as well as the dimensionality reduction inherent in convergence to low-dimensional attractors. We furthermore demonstrate two concrete algorithms enabled by these observations: multiple shrinkage estimators to stabilize error in the neighborhood of the unstable equilibria and a sequential optimal experimental design policy for infinite-horizon forecasting. Finally, we conclude with an investigation into the prediction of the formation of shocks in PDEs based on noisy measurements of boundary conditions. As shocks, or discontinuities in the solutions of PDEs, are particularly poorly behaved mathematical structures, we introduce a sequence of relaxations of the prediction problem. By instead looking at the variation within epsilon-balls, we propose a Monte Carlo method to quantify the probability of observing a discontinuity. Under a conjecture on the behavior of shocks, the proposed algorithm converges to a function analogous to an arrival rate in a point process. The behavior is verified in simulation using Burgers' Equation. This dissertation creates a solid foundation for the future study of statistical forecasting with differential equation governed systems. This work provides an analysis of various representations of the observation process in state-space models, as well as a methodology to construct new estimation techniques and bounds. The proposed methods emphasize the geometry of the space of solutions and thus are equally applicable to Bayesian and Frequentist methods in statistics.
일반주제명  
Electrical engineering
일반주제명  
Statistics
일반주제명  
Computer science
키워드  
Statistical inference
키워드  
Estimation theory
키워드  
Dynamic systems
키워드  
Differential equations
기타저자  
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Electrical & Computer Eng
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-05B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■0820  ▼a621.3
■1001  ▼aNaumer,  Helmuth.
■24510▼aOn  Representations  of  Differential  Equations  for  State  Space  Statistical  Forecasting
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Illinois  at  Urbana-Champaign▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a196  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-05,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Kamalabadi,  Farzad.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Illinois  at  Urbana-Champaign,  2024.
■520    ▼aThe  key  to  understanding  the  statistical  limitations  of  a  problem  is  often  in  finding  the  right  representation  of  the  space.  Under  sub-optimal  representations,  guarantees  on  the  performance  of  an  estimator  can  be  too  loose  or  even  seemingly  contradictory  due  to  the  inherently  local  nature  of  frequentist  statistics.  This  work  investigates  several  interconnected  problems  in  forecasting  dynamical  systems:  seeking  to  use  different  parameterizations  of  the  system  to  provide  strong  statistical  guarantees  on  the  underlying  families  of  probability  distributions  and  to  complete  a  detailed  analysis  of  specific  estimators  applied  to  the  problem.                        We  begin  this  work  with  a  focus  on  linear  space-invariant  spatiotemporal  processes.  When  observations  are  made  at  discrete  time  steps,  we  identify  statistical  guarantees  around  a  grid-based  approximation  of  an  inherently  continuous  system  defined  by  a  partial  differential  equation  (PDE).  In  particular,  by  applying  a  Fourier  transform  to  the  grid  approximation,  we  provide  guarantees  on  the  performance  of  the  Kalman  filter  under  mismatched  model  assumptions,  as  well  as  the  least-squares  estimator  of  the  underlying  state-transition  operator.  Many  generalizations  of  the  core  analysis  are  outlined  throughout  the  chapter,  including  an  extension  to  piecewise  constant  dynamics.                        The  second  focus  of  this  work  is  on  deterministic  nonlinear  ordinary  differential  equations  (ODEs)  under  noisy  observations.  Assuming  Lipschitz  continuity  of  the  differential  equation,  we  demonstrate  that  the  set  of  trajectories  of  a  system  form  a  manifold  where  each  trajectory  corresponds  to  a  single  point.  This  realization  motivates  a  collection  of  different  perspectives  on  the  forecasting  problem  based  on  properties  of  different  time  horizons.  By  considering  the  family  of  observations  to  be  parameterized  by  the  state  of  the  system,  we  prove  the  often  contradictory  behavior  of  the  infinitely  large  Cramer-Rao  lower  bound  in  the  neighborhood  of  repelling  points,  as  well  as  the  dimensionality  reduction  inherent  in  convergence  to  low-dimensional  attractors.  We  furthermore  demonstrate  two  concrete  algorithms  enabled  by  these  observations:  multiple  shrinkage  estimators  to  stabilize  error  in  the  neighborhood  of  the  unstable  equilibria  and  a  sequential  optimal  experimental  design  policy  for  infinite-horizon  forecasting.                        Finally,  we  conclude  with  an  investigation  into  the  prediction  of  the  formation  of  shocks  in  PDEs  based  on  noisy  measurements  of  boundary  conditions.  As  shocks,  or  discontinuities  in  the  solutions  of  PDEs,  are  particularly  poorly  behaved  mathematical  structures,  we  introduce  a  sequence  of  relaxations  of  the  prediction  problem.  By  instead  looking  at  the  variation  within  epsilon-balls,  we  propose  a  Monte  Carlo  method  to  quantify  the  probability  of  observing  a  discontinuity.  Under  a  conjecture  on  the  behavior  of  shocks,  the  proposed  algorithm  converges  to  a  function  analogous  to  an  arrival  rate  in  a  point  process.  The  behavior  is  verified  in  simulation  using  Burgers'  Equation.                        This  dissertation  creates  a  solid  foundation  for  the  future  study  of  statistical  forecasting  with  differential  equation  governed  systems.  This  work  provides  an  analysis  of  various  representations  of  the  observation  process  in  state-space  models,  as  well  as  a  methodology  to  construct  new  estimation  techniques  and  bounds.  The  proposed  methods  emphasize  the  geometry  of  the  space  of  solutions  and  thus  are  equally  applicable  to  Bayesian  and  Frequentist  methods  in  statistics.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0090.
■650  4▼aElectrical  engineering
■650  4▼aStatistics
■650  4▼aComputer  science
■653    ▼aStatistical  inference
■653    ▼aEstimation  theory
■653    ▼aDynamic  systems
■653    ▼aDifferential  equations
■690    ▼a0544
■690    ▼a0984
■690    ▼a0463
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Illinois  at  Urbana-Champaign▼bElectrical  &  Computer  Eng.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-05B.
■790    ▼a0090
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17361088▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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