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Influence of Muscle Type, Postmortem Aging, Freezing, and Endpoint Cooking Temperature on Pork Quality and Sensory Characteristics
Influence of Muscle Type, Postmortem Aging, Freezing, and Endpoint Cooking Temperature on Pork Quality and Sensory Characteristics
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202105706
- ISBN
- 9798263311216
- DDC
- 636
- 저자명
- Wang, Yifei.
- 서명/저자
- Influence of Muscle Type, Postmortem Aging, Freezing, and Endpoint Cooking Temperature on Pork Quality and Sensory Characteristics
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : The Ohio State University, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 317 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Bohrer, Benjamin M.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Ohio State University, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약One significant challenge in the pork industry is inconsistency in fresh pork quality and the weak relationship to eating experience that most pork quality traits provide. Understanding the mechanisms governing the development of pork quality attributes and eating experience is critical for improving consumer acceptance and use of pork. Pork quality is critically influenced by both the intrinsic characteristics of postmortem muscle and the processing methods applied during and following slaughter. Therefore, this dissertation aimed to evaluate the intrinsic factors (such as biochemical profile and postmortem metabolism) as well as processing methods (such as postmortem aging time, freezing/thawing, and endpoint cooking temperature) on instrumental tenderness, water-holding capacity, and eating experience of fresh pork.Most of the existing meat science research on fresh pork quality has focused solely on the pork loin (longissimus thoracis et lumborum; LTL) muscle. However, variation in pork quality exists across muscles throughout the carcass due to the differences in their inherent biochemical profile and the events occurring during the postmortem period. Previous research has suggested that quality attributes for loins were not representative of the entire carcass. Therefore, the objective of the first study was to characterize muscle-specific pork quality of the semitendinosus (ST), gluteus medius (GM), longissimus thoracis (LT), psoas major (PM), and triceps brachii (TB). Muscle-specific differences in the rate and extent of pH decline, rate of temperature decline, instrumental color, tenderness, water-holding capacity, proteolytic changes during postmortem aging, and eating experience were evaluated in a contemporary group of fifteen pigs. Our results demonstrated that pork quality traits, postmortem proteolysis, and eating experience varied by muscle. Muscle-specific responses to changes in endpoint cooking temperature, particularly in Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) and sensory traits, highlight the need to tailor processing strategies such as aging time and endpoint cooking temperature to individual muscle cuts.Beyond intrinsic factors influencing pork quality, it is critical to understand the impact of external factors, such as freezing/thawing and endpoint cooking temperature, on quality attributes. Repeated freezing and thawing events may occur in both food service and retail settings as well as at the consumer-level, which could lead to physiological and biochemical damage in muscle systems. Additionally, endpoint cooking temperature has been recognized as a key determinant of consumer eating satisfaction of fresh pork. However, limited research has explored the combined effects of freezing and endpoint cooking temperature on pork quality. Therefore, the objective of the second study was to investigate the influence of freezing/thawing and endpoint cooking temperature on the instrumental tenderness and water-holding capacity of aged pork loins. Pork loins (LTL; n= 64) were sectioned into four 8-cm thick portions and randomly assigned to one of four aging/freezing treatments: A14-NF (aged 14 d, never frozen), A21-NF (aged 21 d, never frozen), A21-F1 (aged 14 d, one freeze-thaw event, plus 7 additional d of aging), and A21-F2 (aged 14 d, one freeze-thaw event, plus 7 additional d of aging, followed by a second freeze-thaw event). Repeated freezing and thawing decreased WBSF of pork chops when cooked to an endpoint cooking temperature of 71°C, however had minimal effect at when cooked to an endpoint cooking temperature of 63°C, indicating that endpoint cooking temperature had a greater impact on tenderness and water-holding capacity than freezing events, as well as the pork quality traits measured in this study (pH, color, or marbling).Desmin and troponin-T serve as indicators of overall postmortem proteolysis and molecular biomarkers for important meat quality traits such as tenderness and water-holding capacity. However, the impact of endpoint cooking temperature on the quantification of desmin and troponin-T, as well as the relationship between their degradation patterns and the tenderness of cooked pork loins, have not been characterized. Therefore, the objectives of the third study were to determine the influence of extended aging and endpoint cooking temperature on pork tenderness, and to compare the abundance of desmin and troponin-T in pork loins cooked to different endpoint temperatures. Pork loins (LTL; n= 24) were divided into two sections and randomly assigned to either 14 d or 21 d postmortem aging. While the abundance of intact desmin, 38 kDa degraded desmin, intact troponin-T, and 28 kDa and 30 kDa degraded troponin-T were not influenced by postmortem aging or endpoint cooking temperatures, the ratio of degraded to intact forms varied with endpoint cooking temperature. Thus, cooked samples prepared at the same endpoint temperature can be used for evaluation of desmin and troponin-T proteolysis, but researchers should be careful when using samples cooked to difference endpoint temperatures.Ultimate pH and tenderness are considered as the most predictive pork quality traits for sensory attributes of pork loins. Pork loin (LTL) and pork tenderloin (PM) differ significantly in muscle fiber composition, energy metabolism, glycolytic potential, mitochondrial apoptosis, myofibrillar protein degradation, the rate and extent of pH decline, instrumental tenderness, and sensory traits. However, the relationship between meat quality and sensory traits of pork tenderloins (PM) has not been reported previously. Therefore, the fourth study aimed to evaluate the association between pork quality traits, particularly ultimate pH and WBSF, and the sensory attributes of the pork tenderloin. Pork tenderloins (n = 103) were evaluated for instrumental color, ultimate pH, WBSF, cooking loss, trained sensory attributes, and desmin degradation. Moreover, tenderloins were categorized by differences in ultimate pH and WBSF values, respectively. The results suggested that pork tenderloins with greater ultimate pH were perceived as juicier and more tender, while those with lower WBSF were rated as more tender. In general, ultimate pH and WBSF collectively influenced sensory traits of pork tenderloins, with tenderloins exhibiting a pH 5.80 or WBSF 2.5 kg generally deemed acceptable by panelists. However, desmin degradation did not correspond with variations in pH or WBSF, highlighting the need for further research to improve prediction of sensory quality and establish product specifications.In conclusion, these findings highlight the complex interactions among muscle type, processing method, and meat quality attributes, emphasizing the importance of tailored strategies to optimize fresh pork quality. To improve consumer acceptance and encourage greater utilization of fresh pork, a greater understanding of the underlying mechanisms influencing quality traits in specific muscles is warranted. In particular, it is critical to investigate how individual muscles respond to various cooking techniques-including cooking time and endpoint temperature-as well as to freezing and postmortem aging. Additionally, identifying broader sources of variation beyond traditional measures such as instrumental tenderness, pH, color, and desmin proteolysis may improve the ability to predict eating quality of individual muscle cuts. Future research should continue to explore the primary drivers of eating experience and consumer perception to support the development of pork products that consistently meet expectations across a diverse range of offerings.
- 일반주제명
- Animal sciences
- 일반주제명
- Food science
- 일반주제명
- Packaging
- 키워드
- Pork quality
- 키워드
- Triceps brachii
- 기타저자
- The Ohio State University Animal Sciences
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-05B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■1001 ▼aWang, Yifei.
■24510▼aInfluence of Muscle Type, Postmortem Aging, Freezing, and Endpoint Cooking Temperature on Pork Quality and Sensory Characteristics
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bThe Ohio State University▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a317 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Bohrer, Benjamin M.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--The Ohio State University, 2025.
■520 ▼aOne significant challenge in the pork industry is inconsistency in fresh pork quality and the weak relationship to eating experience that most pork quality traits provide. Understanding the mechanisms governing the development of pork quality attributes and eating experience is critical for improving consumer acceptance and use of pork. Pork quality is critically influenced by both the intrinsic characteristics of postmortem muscle and the processing methods applied during and following slaughter. Therefore, this dissertation aimed to evaluate the intrinsic factors (such as biochemical profile and postmortem metabolism) as well as processing methods (such as postmortem aging time, freezing/thawing, and endpoint cooking temperature) on instrumental tenderness, water-holding capacity, and eating experience of fresh pork.Most of the existing meat science research on fresh pork quality has focused solely on the pork loin (longissimus thoracis et lumborum; LTL) muscle. However, variation in pork quality exists across muscles throughout the carcass due to the differences in their inherent biochemical profile and the events occurring during the postmortem period. Previous research has suggested that quality attributes for loins were not representative of the entire carcass. Therefore, the objective of the first study was to characterize muscle-specific pork quality of the semitendinosus (ST), gluteus medius (GM), longissimus thoracis (LT), psoas major (PM), and triceps brachii (TB). Muscle-specific differences in the rate and extent of pH decline, rate of temperature decline, instrumental color, tenderness, water-holding capacity, proteolytic changes during postmortem aging, and eating experience were evaluated in a contemporary group of fifteen pigs. Our results demonstrated that pork quality traits, postmortem proteolysis, and eating experience varied by muscle. Muscle-specific responses to changes in endpoint cooking temperature, particularly in Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) and sensory traits, highlight the need to tailor processing strategies such as aging time and endpoint cooking temperature to individual muscle cuts.Beyond intrinsic factors influencing pork quality, it is critical to understand the impact of external factors, such as freezing/thawing and endpoint cooking temperature, on quality attributes. Repeated freezing and thawing events may occur in both food service and retail settings as well as at the consumer-level, which could lead to physiological and biochemical damage in muscle systems. Additionally, endpoint cooking temperature has been recognized as a key determinant of consumer eating satisfaction of fresh pork. However, limited research has explored the combined effects of freezing and endpoint cooking temperature on pork quality. Therefore, the objective of the second study was to investigate the influence of freezing/thawing and endpoint cooking temperature on the instrumental tenderness and water-holding capacity of aged pork loins. Pork loins (LTL; n= 64) were sectioned into four 8-cm thick portions and randomly assigned to one of four aging/freezing treatments: A14-NF (aged 14 d, never frozen), A21-NF (aged 21 d, never frozen), A21-F1 (aged 14 d, one freeze-thaw event, plus 7 additional d of aging), and A21-F2 (aged 14 d, one freeze-thaw event, plus 7 additional d of aging, followed by a second freeze-thaw event). Repeated freezing and thawing decreased WBSF of pork chops when cooked to an endpoint cooking temperature of 71°C, however had minimal effect at when cooked to an endpoint cooking temperature of 63°C, indicating that endpoint cooking temperature had a greater impact on tenderness and water-holding capacity than freezing events, as well as the pork quality traits measured in this study (pH, color, or marbling).Desmin and troponin-T serve as indicators of overall postmortem proteolysis and molecular biomarkers for important meat quality traits such as tenderness and water-holding capacity. However, the impact of endpoint cooking temperature on the quantification of desmin and troponin-T, as well as the relationship between their degradation patterns and the tenderness of cooked pork loins, have not been characterized. Therefore, the objectives of the third study were to determine the influence of extended aging and endpoint cooking temperature on pork tenderness, and to compare the abundance of desmin and troponin-T in pork loins cooked to different endpoint temperatures. Pork loins (LTL; n= 24) were divided into two sections and randomly assigned to either 14 d or 21 d postmortem aging. While the abundance of intact desmin, 38 kDa degraded desmin, intact troponin-T, and 28 kDa and 30 kDa degraded troponin-T were not influenced by postmortem aging or endpoint cooking temperatures, the ratio of degraded to intact forms varied with endpoint cooking temperature. Thus, cooked samples prepared at the same endpoint temperature can be used for evaluation of desmin and troponin-T proteolysis, but researchers should be careful when using samples cooked to difference endpoint temperatures.Ultimate pH and tenderness are considered as the most predictive pork quality traits for sensory attributes of pork loins. Pork loin (LTL) and pork tenderloin (PM) differ significantly in muscle fiber composition, energy metabolism, glycolytic potential, mitochondrial apoptosis, myofibrillar protein degradation, the rate and extent of pH decline, instrumental tenderness, and sensory traits. However, the relationship between meat quality and sensory traits of pork tenderloins (PM) has not been reported previously. Therefore, the fourth study aimed to evaluate the association between pork quality traits, particularly ultimate pH and WBSF, and the sensory attributes of the pork tenderloin. Pork tenderloins (n = 103) were evaluated for instrumental color, ultimate pH, WBSF, cooking loss, trained sensory attributes, and desmin degradation. Moreover, tenderloins were categorized by differences in ultimate pH and WBSF values, respectively. The results suggested that pork tenderloins with greater ultimate pH were perceived as juicier and more tender, while those with lower WBSF were rated as more tender. In general, ultimate pH and WBSF collectively influenced sensory traits of pork tenderloins, with tenderloins exhibiting a pH 5.80 or WBSF 2.5 kg generally deemed acceptable by panelists. However, desmin degradation did not correspond with variations in pH or WBSF, highlighting the need for further research to improve prediction of sensory quality and establish product specifications.In conclusion, these findings highlight the complex interactions among muscle type, processing method, and meat quality attributes, emphasizing the importance of tailored strategies to optimize fresh pork quality. To improve consumer acceptance and encourage greater utilization of fresh pork, a greater understanding of the underlying mechanisms influencing quality traits in specific muscles is warranted. In particular, it is critical to investigate how individual muscles respond to various cooking techniques-including cooking time and endpoint temperature-as well as to freezing and postmortem aging. Additionally, identifying broader sources of variation beyond traditional measures such as instrumental tenderness, pH, color, and desmin proteolysis may improve the ability to predict eating quality of individual muscle cuts. Future research should continue to explore the primary drivers of eating experience and consumer perception to support the development of pork products that consistently meet expectations across a diverse range of offerings.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0168.
■650 4▼aAnimal sciences
■650 4▼aFood science
■650 4▼aPackaging
■653 ▼aPork quality
■653 ▼aPostmortem metabolism
■653 ▼aTriceps brachii
■653 ▼aLongissimus thoracis
■690 ▼a0475
■690 ▼a0359
■690 ▼a0549
■71020▼aThe Ohio State University▼bAnimal Sciences.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-05B.
■790 ▼a0168
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17361103▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


