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Essays on Price Discrimination, Auctions and Mergers
Essays on Price Discrimination, Auctions and Mergers
Essays on Price Discrimination, Auctions and Mergers

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202103512
ISBN  
9798315797289
DDC  
658
저자명  
Yang, Jin.
서명/저자  
Essays on Price Discrimination, Auctions and Mergers
발행사항  
[Sl] : Northwestern University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
130 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Porter, Robert.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Northwestern University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약This dissertation consists of three chapters on various topics of empirical industrial organization. Chapter 1 studies price discrimination in rail freight transportation, where shippers facing different prices are also interdependent due to economies of scale across the railroad network. Consequently, even discriminated shippers can benefit from the increased demand among discounted shippers, as it improves scale and decreases costs for all. To assess the full effects of price discrimination under these externalities and contribute to the policy design debate, I develop and estimate a structural model of rail freight markets. Results show that a simple ban on all third-degree price discrimination reduces freight volumes and scale economies, by limiting railroads' ability to target discounts at their most price elastic shippers. In contrast, more tailored policies that permit certain discrimination can preserve quantity while mitigating misallocation. Based on these, I design a recently discussed price benchmark policy that implements reference pricing between small price-taking and large contract-negotiating shippers sharing selective characteristics. This approach both addresses distributional issues and increases total welfare by $500 million per year. My findings suggest that refined regulations distinguishing the sources of different price discrimination may better serve markets with externalities.Chapter 2 (joint with Junyan Guan) considers online auctions, whose popularity has declined since the early 2000s due to their high transaction costs. Our paper focuses on one such cost: the hassle cost of bidding in often prolonged online auctions. We develop a structural model of ascending auctions with costly bidding that resembles a war of attrition. We show that even in private value settings, bidders strategically shade their bids to avoid hassle. Using data from a large online auto auction platform, we estimate that the average bidder incurs hassle costs equivalent to 3.5% of the vehicle's price, while sellers lose 16% in revenue. Counterfactual simulations suggest that higher reserve prices can limit unproductive bidding and offset sellers' loss by 22%.Finally, in Chapter 3 (joint with Lydia Cao), we study how physician allocation changes following hospital mergers in the United States and the implications for healthcare provision. Using physician level data, we document three key post-merger patterns: (1) More physicians begin practicing simultaneously at both acquiring and target hospitals ("multi-homers"), likely due to the removal of firm boundaries. (2) Most new multi-homers come from the acquirer hospital, particularly in specialties where the acquirer initially had a relative surplus of physicians. (3) The average number of patients seen per multi-homer increases after a merger, and this growth appears to be at least partly driven by the reallocation of physicians across hospitals. Together, these findings suggest that post-merger hospital systems may restructure internally to improve physician-hospital matching and enhance output efficiency.
일반주제명  
Finance
키워드  
Auctions
키워드  
Empirical industrial organization
키워드  
Healthcare
키워드  
Mergers
키워드  
Price discrimination
키워드  
Railroad
기타저자  
Northwestern University Economics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-12B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aYang,  Jin.
■24510▼aEssays  on  Price  Discrimination,  Auctions  and  Mergers
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bNorthwestern  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a130  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-12,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Porter,  Robert.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Northwestern  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aThis  dissertation  consists  of  three  chapters  on  various  topics  of  empirical  industrial  organization.  Chapter  1  studies  price  discrimination  in  rail  freight  transportation,  where  shippers  facing  different  prices  are  also  interdependent  due  to  economies  of  scale  across  the  railroad  network.  Consequently,  even  discriminated  shippers  can  benefit  from  the  increased  demand  among  discounted  shippers,  as  it  improves  scale  and  decreases  costs  for  all.  To  assess  the  full  effects  of  price  discrimination  under  these  externalities  and  contribute  to  the  policy  design  debate,  I  develop  and  estimate  a  structural  model  of  rail  freight  markets.  Results  show  that  a  simple  ban  on  all  third-degree  price  discrimination  reduces  freight  volumes  and  scale  economies,  by  limiting  railroads'  ability  to  target  discounts  at  their  most  price  elastic  shippers.  In  contrast,  more  tailored  policies  that  permit  certain  discrimination  can  preserve  quantity  while  mitigating  misallocation.  Based  on  these,  I  design  a  recently  discussed  price  benchmark  policy  that  implements  reference  pricing  between  small  price-taking  and  large  contract-negotiating  shippers  sharing  selective  characteristics.  This  approach  both  addresses  distributional  issues  and  increases  total  welfare  by  $500  million  per  year.  My  findings  suggest  that  refined  regulations  distinguishing  the  sources  of  different  price  discrimination  may  better  serve  markets  with  externalities.Chapter  2  (joint  with  Junyan  Guan)  considers  online  auctions,  whose  popularity  has  declined  since  the  early  2000s  due  to  their  high  transaction  costs.  Our  paper  focuses  on  one  such  cost:  the  hassle  cost  of  bidding  in  often  prolonged  online  auctions.  We  develop  a  structural  model  of  ascending  auctions  with  costly  bidding  that  resembles  a  war  of  attrition.  We  show  that  even  in  private  value  settings,  bidders  strategically  shade  their  bids  to  avoid  hassle.  Using  data  from  a  large  online  auto  auction  platform,  we  estimate  that  the  average  bidder  incurs  hassle  costs  equivalent  to  3.5%  of  the  vehicle's  price,  while  sellers  lose  16%  in  revenue.  Counterfactual  simulations  suggest  that  higher  reserve  prices  can  limit  unproductive  bidding  and  offset  sellers'  loss  by  22%.Finally,  in  Chapter  3  (joint  with  Lydia  Cao),  we  study  how  physician  allocation  changes  following  hospital  mergers  in  the  United  States  and  the  implications  for  healthcare  provision.  Using  physician  level  data,  we  document  three  key  post-merger  patterns:  (1)  More  physicians  begin  practicing  simultaneously  at  both  acquiring  and  target  hospitals  ("multi-homers"),  likely  due  to  the  removal  of  firm  boundaries.  (2)  Most  new  multi-homers  come  from  the  acquirer  hospital,  particularly  in  specialties  where  the  acquirer  initially  had  a  relative  surplus  of  physicians.  (3)  The  average  number  of  patients  seen  per  multi-homer  increases  after  a  merger,  and  this  growth  appears  to  be  at  least  partly  driven  by  the  reallocation  of  physicians  across  hospitals.  Together,  these  findings  suggest  that  post-merger  hospital  systems  may  restructure  internally  to  improve  physician-hospital  matching  and  enhance  output  efficiency.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0163.
■650  4▼aFinance
■653    ▼aAuctions
■653    ▼aEmpirical  industrial  organization
■653    ▼aHealthcare
■653    ▼aMergers
■653    ▼aPrice  discrimination
■653    ▼aRailroad
■690    ▼a0501
■690    ▼a0511
■690    ▼a0508
■690    ▼a0769
■71020▼aNorthwestern  University▼bEconomics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-12B.
■790    ▼a0163
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17357439▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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