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Essays on the Sources of Intergenerational Mobility
Essays on the Sources of Intergenerational Mobility
Essays on the Sources of Intergenerational Mobility

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202103514
ISBN  
9798286452170
DDC  
379.1
저자명  
Razavi Ebrahimi, Goya.
서명/저자  
Essays on the Sources of Intergenerational Mobility
발행사항  
[Sl] : The University of Chicago, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
263 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Durlauf, Steven N.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Chicago, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약This dissertation investigates several drivers of intergenerational mobility. The first chapter examines how returns to colleges and majors, admission policies, and student sorting affect intergenerational mobility. I study this question in Denmark, where tuition-free colleges and generous living grants provide an ideal setting to investigate the sources of inequality that remain in the absence of financial constraints. Leveraging GPA admission cutoffs from a centralized matching algorithm, I apply a regression discontinuity design to examine whether students from low socioeconomic status (SES) benefit from selective degrees (college-major pairs). Scoring just above the cutoff for admission to a more selective degree raises low-SES students' income by 9% at age 30, partially closing the SES wage gap. I develop a joint model of degree selection and labor market outcomes, to disentangle the contribution of degree-specific returns from that of students' degree choices as sources of inequality. The model accounts for the impact of degree peer composition on outcomes. Estimates from the model reveal that returns to degree enrollment are higher for low-SES students than for high-SES peers across the distribution of degree selectivity. Furthermore, I find that the current GPA-based meritocratic admissions system is inefficient in terms of maximizing long-term earnings. Implementing need-affirmative admissions could reduce the SES wage gap by 15% through upward mobility of disadvantaged students, without adversely impacting displaced high-SES students. Notably, the SES wage gap could be eliminated if students selected degrees based on expected earnings returns.The second chapter studies households' willingness to pay for neighborhood and school attributes. In Denmark, education at all levels is tuition-free. Teacher salaries and expenditures on schools are mandated to be equal. Yet there is substantial variation in teacher quality and student performance across neighborhoods around schools for which parents pay in terms of housing prices. Homophily--sorting by parental education and income into neighborhoods with different peer, teacher and housing attributes explains this phenomenon and not the sorting by preferences for school quality and tax expenditure emphasized in many models of local public goods. Parents buy packages of attributes and not just school quality, which is the emphasis in much of the literature. We develop and apply multiple approaches to identifying parental valuation of measured school quality in the presence of strong neighborhood sortingFinally, the last chapter examines whether growing up in a better neighborhood has positive consequences on long-term labor market outcomes and educational attainment. We exploit a unique spatial dispersal policy that randomly resettled refugees across neighborhoods in Denmark from 1986-1998. We find that a higher quality neighborhood--as measured by the wage outcomes of children already living there--is significantly associated with increased market income in adulthood. Our mediation analysis reveals that the effect of neighborhood quality on child adult income is fully mediated through the impact of assigned neighborhood on parental income.
키워드  
Economics of education
키워드  
Human capital
키워드  
Neighborhood effects
키워드  
Sorting
키워드  
Urban economics
기타저자  
The University of Chicago Public Policy Studies
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■006m          o    d                
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■020    ▼a9798286452170
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32037873
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a379.1
■1001  ▼aRazavi  Ebrahimi,  Goya.▼0(orcid)0000-0002-7666-8969
■24510▼aEssays  on  the  Sources  of  Intergenerational  Mobility
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bThe  University  of  Chicago▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a263  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-01,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Durlauf,  Steven  N.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--The  University  of  Chicago,  2025.
■520    ▼aThis  dissertation  investigates  several  drivers  of  intergenerational  mobility.  The  first  chapter  examines  how  returns  to  colleges  and  majors,  admission  policies,  and  student  sorting  affect  intergenerational  mobility.  I  study  this  question  in  Denmark,  where  tuition-free  colleges  and  generous  living  grants  provide  an  ideal  setting  to  investigate  the  sources  of  inequality  that  remain  in  the  absence  of  financial  constraints.  Leveraging  GPA  admission  cutoffs  from  a  centralized  matching  algorithm,  I  apply  a  regression  discontinuity  design  to  examine  whether  students  from  low  socioeconomic  status  (SES)  benefit  from  selective  degrees  (college-major  pairs).  Scoring  just  above  the  cutoff  for  admission  to  a  more  selective  degree  raises  low-SES  students'  income  by  9%  at  age  30,  partially  closing  the  SES  wage  gap.  I  develop  a  joint  model  of  degree  selection  and  labor  market  outcomes,  to  disentangle  the  contribution  of  degree-specific  returns  from  that  of  students'  degree  choices  as  sources  of  inequality.  The  model  accounts  for  the  impact  of  degree  peer  composition  on  outcomes.  Estimates  from  the  model  reveal  that  returns  to  degree  enrollment  are  higher  for  low-SES  students  than  for  high-SES  peers  across  the  distribution  of  degree  selectivity.  Furthermore,  I  find  that  the  current  GPA-based  meritocratic  admissions  system  is  inefficient  in  terms  of  maximizing  long-term  earnings.  Implementing  need-affirmative  admissions  could  reduce  the  SES  wage  gap  by  15%  through  upward  mobility  of  disadvantaged  students,  without  adversely  impacting  displaced  high-SES  students.  Notably,  the  SES  wage  gap  could  be  eliminated  if  students  selected  degrees  based  on  expected  earnings  returns.The  second  chapter  studies  households'  willingness  to  pay  for  neighborhood  and  school  attributes.  In  Denmark,  education  at  all  levels  is  tuition-free.  Teacher  salaries  and  expenditures  on  schools  are  mandated  to  be  equal.  Yet  there  is  substantial  variation  in  teacher  quality  and  student  performance  across  neighborhoods  around  schools  for  which  parents  pay  in  terms  of  housing  prices.  Homophily--sorting  by  parental  education  and  income  into  neighborhoods  with  different  peer,  teacher  and  housing  attributes  explains  this  phenomenon  and  not  the  sorting  by  preferences  for  school  quality  and  tax  expenditure  emphasized  in  many  models  of  local  public  goods.  Parents  buy  packages  of  attributes  and  not  just  school  quality,  which  is  the  emphasis  in  much  of  the  literature.  We  develop  and  apply  multiple  approaches  to  identifying  parental  valuation  of  measured  school  quality  in  the  presence  of  strong  neighborhood  sortingFinally,  the  last  chapter  examines  whether  growing  up  in  a  better  neighborhood  has  positive  consequences  on  long-term  labor  market  outcomes  and  educational  attainment.  We  exploit  a  unique  spatial  dispersal  policy  that  randomly  resettled  refugees  across  neighborhoods  in  Denmark  from  1986-1998.  We  find  that  a  higher  quality  neighborhood--as  measured  by  the  wage  outcomes  of  children  already  living  there--is  significantly  associated  with  increased  market  income  in  adulthood.  Our  mediation  analysis  reveals  that  the  effect  of  neighborhood  quality  on  child  adult  income  is  fully  mediated  through  the  impact  of  assigned  neighborhood  on  parental  income.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0330.
■653    ▼aEconomics  of  education
■653    ▼aHuman  capital
■653    ▼aNeighborhood  effects
■653    ▼aSorting
■653    ▼aUrban  economics
■690    ▼a0501
■690    ▼a0510
■690    ▼a0511
■71020▼aThe  University  of  Chicago▼bPublic  Policy  Studies.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-01A.
■790    ▼a0330
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17357448▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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