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European Foulbrood in United States Honey Bee Colonies: Prevalence, Pathogen Diversity and Management Strategies
European Foulbrood in United States Honey Bee Colonies: Prevalence, Pathogen Diversity and Management Strategies
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202104820
- ISBN
- 9798290912684
- DDC
- 614.4
- 저자명
- Fowler, Peter D.
- 서명/저자
- European Foulbrood in United States Honey Bee Colonies: Prevalence, Pathogen Diversity and Management Strategies
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : Michigan State University, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 112 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Includes supplementary digital materials.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Milbrath, Meghan O.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--Michigan State University, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약European foulbrood (EFB) is a bacterial disease of honey bee larvae caused by Melissococcus plutonius, with increasing prevalence reported across United States (US) apiaries over the past decade. Despite its significance to US apiculture, very little is known about regional (US) epidemiology, including pathogen prevalence, genetic diversity, antibiotic susceptibility, and environmental persistence. This dissertation seeks to fill some of these gaps though classical and molecular epidemiology, antimicrobial resistance testing, and environmental persistence studies which can inform evidence-based management strategies. Surveillance carried out between 2021 and 2022, including 855 colonies across 19 Michigan beekeeping operations, revealed high overall M. plutonius prevalence with 32% of colonies infected and marked seasonal patterns peaking in June when over 50% of colonies screened positive and over 20% had clinical EFB. Whole genome SNP analysis of 91 isolates revealed remarkable genetic diversity, identifying 24 unique genotypes spanning both typical (CC3) and atypical (CC12) clonal complexes. Most operations harbored multiple genotypes even within a single infected hive, suggesting complex transmission dynamics within and between apiaries. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed no evidence of oxytetracycline resistance among genetically diverse isolates, with all minimum inhibitory concentrations below 4 µg/ml. However, methodological factors including media composition, incubation time, and antibiotic degradation significantly influenced assay outcomes, highlighting the need for standardized protocols.Environmental persistence studies demonstrated that atypical M. plutonius strains remain viable on hive materials for extended periods, persisting on wood and cloth for over 6 months at room temperature and in larval smears for more than three years. Disinfection efficacy varied by strain type and material, with 10% bleach achieving near complete elimination while 70% ethanol showed reduced efficacy against atypical and typical strains.Here we show EFB has become endemic among beekeepers of all types in Michigan, with many hives infected with multiple variants of M. plutonius suggesting high rates of transmission. While all strains screened show no evidence of resistance to oxytetracycline, all strains persist on media beyond the window of antibiotic efficacy which may explain recalcitrance and other methods of EFB management are desperately needed. While bleach showed high efficacy at reducing this environmental persistence in the lab, additional research is needed to determine efficacy in the field.
- 일반주제명
- Epidemiology
- 일반주제명
- Microbiology
- 일반주제명
- Public health
- 일반주제명
- Pathology
- 키워드
- United States
- 키워드
- Honey bee larvae
- 기타저자
- Michigan State University Comparative Medicine and Integrative Biology - Doctor of Philosophy
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798290912684
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32169152
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a614.4
■1001 ▼aFowler, Peter D.▼0(orcid)0000-0002-4369-6007
■24510▼aEuropean Foulbrood in United States Honey Bee Colonies: Prevalence, Pathogen Diversity and Management Strategies
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bMichigan State University▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a112 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
■500 ▼aIncludes supplementary digital materials.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Milbrath, Meghan O.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--Michigan State University, 2025.
■520 ▼aEuropean foulbrood (EFB) is a bacterial disease of honey bee larvae caused by Melissococcus plutonius, with increasing prevalence reported across United States (US) apiaries over the past decade. Despite its significance to US apiculture, very little is known about regional (US) epidemiology, including pathogen prevalence, genetic diversity, antibiotic susceptibility, and environmental persistence. This dissertation seeks to fill some of these gaps though classical and molecular epidemiology, antimicrobial resistance testing, and environmental persistence studies which can inform evidence-based management strategies. Surveillance carried out between 2021 and 2022, including 855 colonies across 19 Michigan beekeeping operations, revealed high overall M. plutonius prevalence with 32% of colonies infected and marked seasonal patterns peaking in June when over 50% of colonies screened positive and over 20% had clinical EFB. Whole genome SNP analysis of 91 isolates revealed remarkable genetic diversity, identifying 24 unique genotypes spanning both typical (CC3) and atypical (CC12) clonal complexes. Most operations harbored multiple genotypes even within a single infected hive, suggesting complex transmission dynamics within and between apiaries. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed no evidence of oxytetracycline resistance among genetically diverse isolates, with all minimum inhibitory concentrations below 4 µg/ml. However, methodological factors including media composition, incubation time, and antibiotic degradation significantly influenced assay outcomes, highlighting the need for standardized protocols.Environmental persistence studies demonstrated that atypical M. plutonius strains remain viable on hive materials for extended periods, persisting on wood and cloth for over 6 months at room temperature and in larval smears for more than three years. Disinfection efficacy varied by strain type and material, with 10% bleach achieving near complete elimination while 70% ethanol showed reduced efficacy against atypical and typical strains.Here we show EFB has become endemic among beekeepers of all types in Michigan, with many hives infected with multiple variants of M. plutonius suggesting high rates of transmission. While all strains screened show no evidence of resistance to oxytetracycline, all strains persist on media beyond the window of antibiotic efficacy which may explain recalcitrance and other methods of EFB management are desperately needed. While bleach showed high efficacy at reducing this environmental persistence in the lab, additional research is needed to determine efficacy in the field.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0128.
■650 4▼aEpidemiology
■650 4▼aMicrobiology
■650 4▼aPublic health
■650 4▼aPathology
■653 ▼aEuropean foulbrood
■653 ▼aUnited States
■653 ▼aMelissococcus plutonius
■653 ▼aHoney bee larvae
■690 ▼a0766
■690 ▼a0410
■690 ▼a0573
■690 ▼a0571
■71020▼aMichigan State University▼bComparative Medicine and Integrative Biology - Doctor of Philosophy.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-01B.
■790 ▼a0128
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359003▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.
