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Development of a Refrigeration and Dehumidification Cycle Using Lower Critical Solution Temperature Mixtures
Development of a Refrigeration and Dehumidification Cycle Using Lower Critical Solution Te...
Development of a Refrigeration and Dehumidification Cycle Using Lower Critical Solution Temperature Mixtures

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105521
ISBN  
9798263347871
DDC  
541.33
저자명  
Kocher, Jordan.
서명/저자  
Development of a Refrigeration and Dehumidification Cycle Using Lower Critical Solution Temperature Mixtures
발행사항  
[Sl] : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
286 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Yee, Shannon;Menon, Akanksha.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Georgia Institute of Technology, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약As global temperatures continue to rise and urbanization intensifies, so grows the need for efficient, cost-effective, low global warming potential (GWP) space cooling technologies. Accordingly, there is an ongoing focus surrounding research into new space cooling cycles that are more efficient and use zero GWP refrigerants. This dissertation: (i) investigates a new thermodynamic cycle, (ii) evaluates the extent to which it can provide both dehumidification and refrigeration, (iii) demonstrates a proof-of-concept system driven by relatively low temperature (≤ 50 °C) heat, and (iv) evaluates the cost effectiveness of the system.The thermodynamic cycle developed in this dissertation utilizes aqueous mixtures that possess a lower critical solution temperature (LCST). These mixtures are homogenous (single-phase) and will mix with water at room temperature, but when they are heated above the LCST they separate into two phases. One phase is water-rich (WR), while the other phase is water-scarce (WS); this difference in composition leads to a chemical potential difference when the phases are physically separated and cooled down to ambient temperature. This chemical potential difference forms the basis of the LCST cycle and can be used to produce refrigeration (i.e., a reduction in temperature below that of the ambient) and/or dehumidification, among other effects.A thermodynamic analysis of this new "LCST cycle" is performed, deriving the relationship between the performance metrics (temperature lift, indoor humidity, coefficient of performance, and moisture removal efficiency) as a function of the material figure-of-merit: the chemical potential of water difference between the WR and WS phases at room temperature. Furthermore, a multi-stage operation is described, which utilizes different LCST mixtures in each stage and can therefore achieve an overall chemical potential difference that is severalfold greater than what can be achieved with single-stage operation. Analysis reveals that practical LCST refrigeration and dehumidification systems would be about 60% less efficient than conventional systems, due mostly to the large sensible heating requirement of LCST mixtures with poor water uptake.The governing thermodynamic relations that are relevant to LCST mixtures are derived, which provide insight into the properties that would necessarily exist in hypothetical LCST mixtures with greater chemical potential differences than existing LCST mixtures. Furthermore, the common misconception that LCST behavior necessarily emerges from a negative entropy of mixing is dispelled. This could pave the way for non-aqueous LCST mixtures that do not possess negative entropies of mixing. The analytical expression for the enthalpy of separation of LCST mixtures is derived, which serves as a useful alternative to direct enthalpy measurements using differential scanning calorimetry. The properties of new LCST mixtures containing hygroscopic additives are also measured. It is revealed that even when multi-stage operation is used, the temperature lift and indoor humidity that current LCST mixtures can provide are insufficient for thermal comfort. This motivates the need to find new LCST mixtures if the LCST air conditioning cycle is to become practical.Several experimental demonstrations of this new cycle are performed, and the temperature drop, humidity drop, and coefficient of performance (COP) of the cycle are reported. A maximum temperature lift of 0.96 °C was measured for continuous, single-stage refrigeration, while a temperature lift of 2.32 °C was measured for three-stage, stepwise refrigeration.Finally, a technoeconomic analysis is performed to understand the potential benefits and limitations of an LCST cycle air conditioner. It is revealed that LCST refrigeration is significantly hindered by the exergy associated with phase separation when aqueous LCST mixtures are used; non-aqueous LCST mixtures with higher separation temperatures could potentially mitigate this limitation. Meanwhile, LCST dehumidification would be less efficient than traditional desiccants, unless the recuperator effectiveness were very high ( 0.9). Furthermore, the cost of separation is likely to be a major barrier that must be addressed if LCST-based systems are to become cost effective.
일반주제명  
Aqueous solutions
일반주제명  
Polymers
일반주제명  
Humidity
일반주제명  
Cooling
일반주제명  
Air conditioning
일반주제명  
Condensers
일반주제명  
Solvents
일반주제명  
Water
일반주제명  
Heat engines
일반주제명  
Desalination
일반주제명  
Energy
일반주제명  
Entropy
일반주제명  
Polymer chemistry
기타저자  
Georgia Institute of Technology.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-05B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■0820  ▼a541.33
■1001  ▼aKocher,  Jordan.
■24510▼aDevelopment  of  a  Refrigeration  and  Dehumidification  Cycle  Using  Lower  Critical  Solution  Temperature  Mixtures
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bGeorgia  Institute  of  Technology▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a286  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-05,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Yee,  Shannon;Menon,  Akanksha.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Georgia  Institute  of  Technology,  2025.
■520    ▼aAs  global  temperatures  continue  to  rise  and  urbanization  intensifies,  so  grows  the  need  for  efficient,  cost-effective,  low  global  warming  potential  (GWP)  space  cooling  technologies.  Accordingly,  there  is  an  ongoing  focus  surrounding  research  into  new  space  cooling  cycles  that  are  more  efficient  and  use  zero  GWP  refrigerants.  This  dissertation:  (i)  investigates  a  new  thermodynamic  cycle,  (ii)  evaluates  the  extent  to  which  it  can  provide  both  dehumidification  and  refrigeration,  (iii)  demonstrates  a  proof-of-concept  system  driven  by  relatively  low  temperature  (≤  50  °C)  heat,  and  (iv)  evaluates  the  cost  effectiveness  of  the  system.The  thermodynamic  cycle  developed  in  this  dissertation  utilizes  aqueous  mixtures  that  possess  a  lower  critical  solution  temperature  (LCST).  These  mixtures  are  homogenous  (single-phase)  and  will  mix  with  water  at  room  temperature,  but  when  they  are  heated  above  the  LCST  they  separate  into  two  phases.  One  phase  is  water-rich  (WR),  while  the  other  phase  is  water-scarce  (WS);  this  difference  in  composition  leads  to  a  chemical  potential  difference  when  the  phases  are  physically  separated  and  cooled  down  to  ambient  temperature.  This  chemical  potential  difference  forms  the  basis  of  the  LCST  cycle  and  can  be  used  to  produce  refrigeration  (i.e.,  a  reduction  in  temperature  below  that  of  the  ambient)  and/or  dehumidification,  among  other  effects.A  thermodynamic  analysis  of  this  new  "LCST  cycle"  is  performed,  deriving  the  relationship  between  the  performance  metrics  (temperature  lift,  indoor  humidity,  coefficient  of  performance,  and  moisture  removal  efficiency)  as  a  function  of  the  material  figure-of-merit:  the  chemical  potential  of  water  difference  between  the  WR  and  WS  phases  at  room  temperature.  Furthermore,  a  multi-stage  operation  is  described,  which  utilizes  different  LCST  mixtures  in  each  stage  and  can  therefore  achieve  an  overall  chemical  potential  difference  that  is  severalfold  greater  than  what  can  be  achieved  with  single-stage  operation.  Analysis  reveals  that  practical  LCST  refrigeration  and  dehumidification  systems  would  be  about  60%  less  efficient  than  conventional  systems,  due  mostly  to  the  large  sensible  heating  requirement  of  LCST  mixtures  with  poor  water  uptake.The  governing  thermodynamic  relations  that  are  relevant  to  LCST  mixtures  are  derived,  which  provide  insight  into  the  properties  that  would  necessarily  exist  in  hypothetical  LCST  mixtures  with  greater  chemical  potential  differences  than  existing  LCST  mixtures.  Furthermore,  the  common  misconception  that  LCST  behavior  necessarily  emerges  from  a  negative  entropy  of  mixing  is  dispelled.  This  could  pave  the  way  for  non-aqueous  LCST  mixtures  that  do  not  possess  negative  entropies  of  mixing.  The  analytical  expression  for  the  enthalpy  of  separation  of  LCST  mixtures  is  derived,  which  serves  as  a  useful  alternative  to  direct  enthalpy  measurements  using  differential  scanning  calorimetry.  The  properties  of  new  LCST  mixtures  containing  hygroscopic  additives  are  also  measured.  It  is  revealed  that  even  when  multi-stage  operation  is  used,  the  temperature  lift  and  indoor  humidity  that  current  LCST  mixtures  can  provide  are  insufficient  for  thermal  comfort.  This  motivates  the  need  to  find  new  LCST  mixtures  if  the  LCST  air  conditioning  cycle  is  to  become  practical.Several  experimental  demonstrations  of  this  new  cycle  are  performed,  and  the  temperature  drop,  humidity  drop,  and  coefficient  of  performance  (COP)  of  the  cycle  are  reported.  A  maximum  temperature  lift  of  0.96  °C  was  measured  for  continuous,  single-stage  refrigeration,  while  a  temperature  lift  of  2.32  °C  was  measured  for  three-stage,  stepwise  refrigeration.Finally,  a  technoeconomic  analysis  is  performed  to  understand  the  potential  benefits  and  limitations  of  an  LCST  cycle  air  conditioner.  It  is  revealed  that  LCST  refrigeration  is  significantly  hindered  by  the  exergy  associated  with  phase  separation  when  aqueous  LCST  mixtures  are  used;  non-aqueous  LCST  mixtures  with  higher  separation  temperatures  could  potentially  mitigate  this  limitation.  Meanwhile,  LCST  dehumidification  would  be  less  efficient  than  traditional  desiccants,  unless  the  recuperator  effectiveness  were  very  high  (  0.9).  Furthermore,  the  cost  of  separation  is  likely  to  be  a  major  barrier  that  must  be  addressed  if  LCST-based  systems  are  to  become  cost  effective.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0078.
■650  4▼aAqueous  solutions
■650  4▼aPolymers
■650  4▼aHumidity
■650  4▼aCooling
■650  4▼aAir  conditioning
■650  4▼aCondensers
■650  4▼aSolvents
■650  4▼aWater
■650  4▼aHeat  engines
■650  4▼aDesalination
■650  4▼aEnergy
■650  4▼aEntropy
■650  4▼aPolymer  chemistry
■690    ▼a0791
■690    ▼a0495
■71020▼aGeorgia  Institute  of  Technology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-05B.
■790    ▼a0078
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360412▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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