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Examination of the Roles of Insulin Receptors in Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer
Examination of the Roles of Insulin Receptors in Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer
Examination of the Roles of Insulin Receptors in Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202104822
ISBN  
9798291502976
DDC  
615
저자명  
Cao, Jingran.
서명/저자  
Examination of the Roles of Insulin Receptors in Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Minnesota, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
130 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-02, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Yee, Douglas.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Minnesota, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약The insulin growth factor (IGF) system plays a crucial role in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival across multiple physiological contexts, including normal development and tumorigenesis. Dysregulations of the IGF signaling axis are strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. Activation of the type I IGF receptor (IGF1R) and insulin receptor (IR) stimulates downstream signaling cascades such as phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, promoting oncogenic processes that support tumor initiation, progression, and resistance to endocrine therapies. Although considerable preclinical evidence supported targeting IGF1R in breast cancer, clinical translation has been limited, particularly in endocrine-resistant breast cancer where loss of IGF1R expression is frequently observed. Given that IR remains expressed in these resistant cells, increasing attention has turned to IR as a potential therapeutic target. Recent studies have demonstrated that modulating IR activity can suppress tumor growth and inhibit progression of endocrine-resistant breast cancer cells.In parallel, metabolic dysfunction characterized by obesity and hyperinsulinemia has been increasingly recognized as a modifying factor that further promotes breast cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. Obesity-associated hyperinsulinemia elevates circulating insulin levels, which can directly stimulate IR signaling in tumor cells. Furthermore, breast cancers that develop resistance to endocrine therapies often show downregulated IGF1R expression while shifting sensitivity toward IR, thereby complicating therapeutic strategies that target the IGF system. These observations underscore the need for innovative approaches capable of modulating insulin receptor activity while preserving metabolic homeostasis.Chapter 2 of my thesis focuses on the functional evaluation of AKS-130, a novel insulin-Fc fusion protein. In both parental estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer cell lines and their tamoxifen-resistant (TamR) derivatives, AKS-130 demonstrated effective downregulation of IR expression and suppression of downstream insulin-mediated signaling. In vivo studies using xenograft models showed that AKS-130 modestly suppressed tumor growth and exhibited enhanced efficacy when combined with tamoxifen treatment. Importantly, these therapeutic effects were achieved without inducing significant metabolic side effects, supporting the feasibility of IR modulation as a complementary approach in the management of endocrine-resistant breast cancer.Chapter 3 explores the impact of housing and diet condition on mouse metabolism and breast tumor biology. Utilizing a refined xenograft model incorporating diet- and thermoneutral housing-induced obesity, we recreated a physiologically relevant metabolic environment characterized by elevated body mass, hyperinsulinemia, glucose intolerance. In this context, breast tumor xenografts exhibited modestly accelerated growth, reflecting the tumor-promoting influence of metabolic dysregulation. The effects of AKS-130 differed between obese and lean mice. These findings demonstrate the metabolic alterations that occur under varying environmental and dietary conditions and emphasize the complex interplay between systemic metabolic status and tumor responses to IRtargeted therapies.The IR exists in two isoforms, IR-A and IR-B. IR-A deletes a 12-amino-acid sequence encoded by exon 11. Chapter 4 investigates an alternative therapeutic strategy aimed at selectively targeting the IR-A isoform using the engineered T7 gene 2 protein (Gp2) protein scaffolds. Given that IR-A is often preferentially expressed in malignant tissues and mediates mitogenic signaling distinct from the metabolic functions of IR-B, isoform-selective inhibition presents an attractive approach to minimize systemic toxicity while disrupting tumor growth in endocrine-resistant breast cancer. A former colleague in the Yee lab successfully generated three lead Gp2 binders to IR using directed evolution, however, subsequent optimization efforts revealed significant challenges: improvements in binding affinity frequently compromised isoform selectivity due to the high structural similarity between IR-A and IR-B. Furthermore, Fc-fusion formatting of promising binders, which was intended to enhance stability and serum half-life, unexpectedly reduced binding capacity and abolished biological activity, likely due to conformational constraints or steric hindrance imposed by the fusion architecture. These observations highlight intrinsic limitations of current scaffold platforms for achieving robust, isoform-specific IR-A binder suitable for therapeutic development.In this thesis, we explored the complex interactions between insulin receptor signaling, metabolic dysfunction, and endocrine resistance in ER+ breast cancer using multiple complementary approaches. Our findings demonstrate that modulating the insulin receptor holds potential as a strategy to overcome endocrine therapy resistance. Collectively, these studies advance our understanding of how dysregulated IGF1R/IR signaling contributes to ER+ breast cancer progression and underscore both the promise and the challenges of targeting IGF1R/IR pathways for therapeutic gain.
일반주제명  
Pharmacology
일반주제명  
Oncology
일반주제명  
Biochemistry
키워드  
Breast cancer
키워드  
Endocrine resistance
키워드  
Insulin receptor
키워드  
Insulin growth factor
키워드  
Tumorigenesis
기타저자  
University of Minnesota Pharmacology
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-02B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■1001  ▼aCao,  Jingran.
■24510▼aExamination  of  the  Roles  of  Insulin  Receptors  in  Estrogen  Receptor-Positive  Breast  Cancer
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Minnesota▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a130  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-02,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Yee,  Douglas.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Minnesota,  2025.
■520    ▼aThe  insulin  growth  factor  (IGF)  system  plays  a  crucial  role  in  regulating  cell  proliferation,  differentiation,  and  survival  across  multiple  physiological  contexts,  including  normal  development  and  tumorigenesis.  Dysregulations  of  the  IGF  signaling  axis  are  strongly  implicated  in  the  pathogenesis  of  breast  cancer.  Activation  of  the  type  I  IGF  receptor  (IGF1R)  and  insulin  receptor  (IR)  stimulates  downstream  signaling  cascades  such  as  phosphoinositide  3-kinase  (PI3K)/AKT  and  mitogen-activated  protein  kinase  (MAPK)  pathways,  promoting  oncogenic  processes  that  support  tumor  initiation,  progression,  and  resistance  to  endocrine  therapies.  Although  considerable  preclinical  evidence  supported  targeting  IGF1R  in  breast  cancer,  clinical  translation  has  been  limited,  particularly  in  endocrine-resistant  breast  cancer  where  loss  of  IGF1R  expression  is  frequently  observed.  Given  that  IR  remains  expressed  in  these  resistant  cells,  increasing  attention  has  turned  to  IR  as  a  potential  therapeutic  target.  Recent  studies  have  demonstrated  that  modulating  IR  activity  can  suppress  tumor  growth  and  inhibit  progression  of  endocrine-resistant  breast  cancer  cells.In  parallel,  metabolic  dysfunction  characterized  by  obesity  and  hyperinsulinemia  has  been  increasingly  recognized  as  a  modifying  factor  that  further  promotes  breast  cancer  progression  and  therapeutic  resistance.  Obesity-associated  hyperinsulinemia  elevates  circulating  insulin  levels,  which  can  directly  stimulate  IR  signaling  in  tumor  cells.  Furthermore,  breast  cancers  that  develop  resistance  to  endocrine  therapies  often  show  downregulated  IGF1R  expression while  shifting  sensitivity  toward  IR,  thereby  complicating  therapeutic  strategies  that  target  the  IGF  system.  These  observations  underscore  the  need  for  innovative  approaches  capable  of  modulating  insulin  receptor  activity  while  preserving  metabolic  homeostasis.Chapter  2  of  my  thesis  focuses  on  the  functional  evaluation  of  AKS-130,  a  novel  insulin-Fc  fusion  protein.  In  both  parental  estrogen  receptor-positive  (ER+)  breast  cancer  cell  lines  and  their  tamoxifen-resistant  (TamR)  derivatives,  AKS-130  demonstrated  effective  downregulation  of  IR  expression  and  suppression  of  downstream  insulin-mediated  signaling.  In  vivo  studies  using  xenograft  models  showed  that  AKS-130  modestly  suppressed  tumor  growth  and  exhibited  enhanced  efficacy  when  combined  with  tamoxifen  treatment.  Importantly,  these  therapeutic  effects  were  achieved  without  inducing  significant  metabolic  side  effects,  supporting  the  feasibility  of  IR  modulation  as  a  complementary  approach  in  the  management  of  endocrine-resistant  breast  cancer.Chapter  3  explores  the  impact  of  housing  and  diet  condition  on  mouse  metabolism  and  breast  tumor  biology.  Utilizing  a  refined  xenograft  model  incorporating  diet-  and  thermoneutral  housing-induced  obesity,  we  recreated  a  physiologically  relevant  metabolic  environment  characterized  by  elevated  body  mass,  hyperinsulinemia,  glucose  intolerance.  In  this  context,  breast  tumor  xenografts  exhibited  modestly  accelerated  growth,  reflecting  the  tumor-promoting  influence  of  metabolic  dysregulation.  The  effects  of  AKS-130  differed  between  obese  and  lean  mice.  These  findings  demonstrate  the  metabolic  alterations  that occur  under  varying  environmental  and  dietary  conditions  and  emphasize  the  complex  interplay  between  systemic  metabolic  status  and  tumor  responses  to  IRtargeted  therapies.The  IR  exists  in  two  isoforms,  IR-A  and  IR-B.  IR-A  deletes  a  12-amino-acid  sequence  encoded  by  exon  11.  Chapter  4  investigates  an  alternative  therapeutic  strategy  aimed  at  selectively  targeting  the  IR-A  isoform  using  the  engineered  T7  gene  2  protein  (Gp2)  protein  scaffolds.  Given  that  IR-A  is  often  preferentially  expressed  in  malignant  tissues  and  mediates  mitogenic  signaling  distinct  from  the  metabolic  functions  of  IR-B,  isoform-selective  inhibition  presents  an  attractive  approach  to  minimize  systemic  toxicity  while  disrupting  tumor  growth  in  endocrine-resistant  breast  cancer.  A  former  colleague  in  the  Yee  lab  successfully  generated  three  lead  Gp2  binders  to  IR  using  directed  evolution,  however,  subsequent  optimization  efforts  revealed  significant  challenges:  improvements  in  binding  affinity  frequently  compromised  isoform  selectivity  due  to  the  high  structural  similarity  between  IR-A  and  IR-B.  Furthermore,  Fc-fusion  formatting  of  promising  binders,  which  was  intended  to  enhance  stability  and  serum  half-life,  unexpectedly  reduced  binding  capacity  and  abolished  biological  activity,  likely  due  to  conformational  constraints  or  steric  hindrance  imposed  by  the  fusion  architecture.  These  observations  highlight  intrinsic  limitations  of  current  scaffold  platforms  for  achieving  robust,  isoform-specific  IR-A  binder  suitable  for  therapeutic  development.In  this  thesis,  we  explored  the  complex  interactions  between  insulin  receptor  signaling,  metabolic  dysfunction,  and  endocrine  resistance  in  ER+  breast  cancer  using  multiple  complementary  approaches.  Our  findings  demonstrate  that  modulating  the  insulin  receptor  holds  potential  as  a  strategy  to  overcome  endocrine  therapy  resistance.  Collectively,  these  studies  advance  our  understanding  of  how  dysregulated  IGF1R/IR  signaling  contributes  to  ER+  breast  cancer  progression  and  underscore  both  the  promise  and  the  challenges  of  targeting  IGF1R/IR  pathways  for  therapeutic  gain.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0130.
■650  4▼aPharmacology
■650  4▼aOncology
■650  4▼aBiochemistry
■653    ▼aBreast  cancer
■653    ▼aEndocrine  resistance
■653    ▼aInsulin  receptor
■653    ▼aInsulin  growth  factor
■653    ▼aTumorigenesis
■690    ▼a0419
■690    ▼a0992
■690    ▼a0487
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Minnesota▼bPharmacology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-02B.
■790    ▼a0130
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359016▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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