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Impacts of Humidity and Degradation on Adsorbents for Co2 Capture
Impacts of Humidity and Degradation on Adsorbents for Co2 Capture
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202105523
- ISBN
- 9798263339548
- DDC
- 547.84
- 서명/저자
- Impacts of Humidity and Degradation on Adsorbents for Co2 Capture
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2024
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
- 형태사항
- 548 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Lively, Ryan P.;Realff, Matthew J.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--Georgia Institute of Technology, 2024.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Without immediate and widespread reductions in CO2 emissions, a global warming of 2 °C will be reached by the middle of the 21st century. The global temperature increase will have consequences related to all aspects of our society, including the environment, human health, food and water security, and the economy. Thus, ensuring that carbon capture technologies are at the scale and maturity necessary for rapid and widescale deployment is critical. Advancements in solid sorbent technology have the potential to influence the cost of CO2 capture technologies significantly, particularly in three key areas: sorbent degradation, interactions with humidity, and integration into structured contactors.First, economic models were developed to assess the impact of sorbent degradation on the viability of two carbon capture processes, direct air capture (DAC) and bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS). By employing a capacity fade model, optimum sorbent replacement times were determined, balancing system performance, costeffectiveness, and environmental impact. The results of the economic models emphasize that future focus should be placed on increasing the stability and lifetime of adsorbents. For DAC, it was determined that sorbent degradation not only increases the process cost but also escalates carbon footprints, especially when carbon-intensive energy sources are used. For BECCS, an optimal heat of adsorption was proposed by balancing the adsorbateadsorbent affinity with the energy required for regeneration.While it is likely that some of the many adsorbents already proposed for other postcombustion CO2 capture processes could be used for BECCS, it is not clear which adsorbents will be stable in the flue gas long enough to be economically viable. As a preliminary investigation, we directly exposed adsorbents commonly reported in literature to flue gas from biomass combustion. Pre- and post-exposure characterization of the sorbents revealed three responses to the flue gas exposure: no degradation, mechanical degradation, and chemical degradation. The results highlight the range of possible degradation mechanisms in BECCS due to structural differences in adsorbents and emphasize the need for stability research and mitigation strategies.The exhaust gas from natural gas combined cycle power plants typically contains approximately 74.4% N2, 12.4% O2, 8.4% H2O, 3.9% CO2, and 0.9% Ar, so materials developed for carbon capture from those streams must be able to adsorb appreciable amounts of CO2 at 0.04 bar and high humidity while remaining stable. Here, we first demonstrated that the addition of nucleophilic N2-rich guanidine groups to the backbone of PIM-1 can mitigate amine impregnation issues and further enhance CO2 chemisorption in the presence of humidity. Excellent performance and stability were achieved by cycling at lower temperatures, establishing PIM-guanidine as a promising candidate for scale-up in all-polymer contactors for NGCC CO2 capture.Diamine-appended M2(dobpdc) metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are another promising class of CO2 adsorbents, but the influence of relative humidity (RH) on their adsorption performance had yet to be carefully studied. We evaluated the CO2 uptake of (2-ampd)2M2(dobpdc) at varying relative humidities and associated water loadings. A significant enhancement in uptake was identified between 20 and 40% RH, with an optimum of 30% RH, at which a maximum CO2 uptake of 5.7 ± 0.2 mmol/g is achieved at 0.044 atm of CO2. An additional sorption mechanism promoted by humidity was investigated using in-situ DRIFTS IR and temperature-programmed desorption.Implementing adsorbents into structured contactors is crucial for lowering the cost of CO2 capture. However, translating powder materials into contactors that maintain the CO2 capacity of the adsorbent and that can be used with thermal management poses challenges due to issues with adsorbent stability and the necessity of using high amounts of inactive polymers or binders during fabrication. We developed fabrication methods to successfully fabricate fiber sorbents and monoliths containing a diamine-appended M2(dobpdc) MOF. The unique, stepped adsorption behavior of the MOF was maintained in contactors. Allpolymer hollow fibers containing PIM-guanidine were also successfully fabricated, addressing the energy and productivity consequences of inactive materials in contactors.By lowering the cost of CO2 capture technologies, the insights provided here help facilitate the rapid and widescale deployment that will be vital for limiting the global temperature increase. The results also provide a foundation for further advancements in understanding, controlling, and utilizing the impacts of humidity and degradation on CO2 capture processes, which is crucial for their success.
- 일반주제명
- Cellulose acetate
- 일반주제명
- Humidity
- 일반주제명
- Thermal energy
- 일반주제명
- Adsorbents
- 일반주제명
- Adsorption
- 일반주제명
- Water
- 일반주제명
- Decomposition
- 일반주제명
- Heat
- 일반주제명
- Carbon footprint
- 일반주제명
- Biomass
- 일반주제명
- Environmental impact
- 일반주제명
- Energy resources
- 일반주제명
- Zeolites
- 일반주제명
- Polymers
- 일반주제명
- Gases
- 일반주제명
- Electricity
- 일반주제명
- Sorbents
- 일반주제명
- Solvents
- 일반주제명
- Dehydration
- 일반주제명
- Chemical engineering
- 일반주제명
- Industrial engineering
- 일반주제명
- Polymer chemistry
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-05B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a547.84
■1001 ▼aHolmes, Hannah E.
■24510▼aImpacts of Humidity and Degradation on Adsorbents for Co2 Capture
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bGeorgia Institute of Technology▼c2024
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2024
■300 ▼a548 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Lively, Ryan P.;Realff, Matthew J.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--Georgia Institute of Technology, 2024.
■520 ▼aWithout immediate and widespread reductions in CO2 emissions, a global warming of 2 °C will be reached by the middle of the 21st century. The global temperature increase will have consequences related to all aspects of our society, including the environment, human health, food and water security, and the economy. Thus, ensuring that carbon capture technologies are at the scale and maturity necessary for rapid and widescale deployment is critical. Advancements in solid sorbent technology have the potential to influence the cost of CO2 capture technologies significantly, particularly in three key areas: sorbent degradation, interactions with humidity, and integration into structured contactors.First, economic models were developed to assess the impact of sorbent degradation on the viability of two carbon capture processes, direct air capture (DAC) and bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS). By employing a capacity fade model, optimum sorbent replacement times were determined, balancing system performance, costeffectiveness, and environmental impact. The results of the economic models emphasize that future focus should be placed on increasing the stability and lifetime of adsorbents. For DAC, it was determined that sorbent degradation not only increases the process cost but also escalates carbon footprints, especially when carbon-intensive energy sources are used. For BECCS, an optimal heat of adsorption was proposed by balancing the adsorbateadsorbent affinity with the energy required for regeneration.While it is likely that some of the many adsorbents already proposed for other postcombustion CO2 capture processes could be used for BECCS, it is not clear which adsorbents will be stable in the flue gas long enough to be economically viable. As a preliminary investigation, we directly exposed adsorbents commonly reported in literature to flue gas from biomass combustion. Pre- and post-exposure characterization of the sorbents revealed three responses to the flue gas exposure: no degradation, mechanical degradation, and chemical degradation. The results highlight the range of possible degradation mechanisms in BECCS due to structural differences in adsorbents and emphasize the need for stability research and mitigation strategies.The exhaust gas from natural gas combined cycle power plants typically contains approximately 74.4% N2, 12.4% O2, 8.4% H2O, 3.9% CO2, and 0.9% Ar, so materials developed for carbon capture from those streams must be able to adsorb appreciable amounts of CO2 at 0.04 bar and high humidity while remaining stable. Here, we first demonstrated that the addition of nucleophilic N2-rich guanidine groups to the backbone of PIM-1 can mitigate amine impregnation issues and further enhance CO2 chemisorption in the presence of humidity. Excellent performance and stability were achieved by cycling at lower temperatures, establishing PIM-guanidine as a promising candidate for scale-up in all-polymer contactors for NGCC CO2 capture.Diamine-appended M2(dobpdc) metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are another promising class of CO2 adsorbents, but the influence of relative humidity (RH) on their adsorption performance had yet to be carefully studied. We evaluated the CO2 uptake of (2-ampd)2M2(dobpdc) at varying relative humidities and associated water loadings. A significant enhancement in uptake was identified between 20 and 40% RH, with an optimum of 30% RH, at which a maximum CO2 uptake of 5.7 ± 0.2 mmol/g is achieved at 0.044 atm of CO2. An additional sorption mechanism promoted by humidity was investigated using in-situ DRIFTS IR and temperature-programmed desorption.Implementing adsorbents into structured contactors is crucial for lowering the cost of CO2 capture. However, translating powder materials into contactors that maintain the CO2 capacity of the adsorbent and that can be used with thermal management poses challenges due to issues with adsorbent stability and the necessity of using high amounts of inactive polymers or binders during fabrication. We developed fabrication methods to successfully fabricate fiber sorbents and monoliths containing a diamine-appended M2(dobpdc) MOF. The unique, stepped adsorption behavior of the MOF was maintained in contactors. Allpolymer hollow fibers containing PIM-guanidine were also successfully fabricated, addressing the energy and productivity consequences of inactive materials in contactors.By lowering the cost of CO2 capture technologies, the insights provided here help facilitate the rapid and widescale deployment that will be vital for limiting the global temperature increase. The results also provide a foundation for further advancements in understanding, controlling, and utilizing the impacts of humidity and degradation on CO2 capture processes, which is crucial for their success.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0078.
■650 4▼aCellulose acetate
■650 4▼aHumidity
■650 4▼aThermal energy
■650 4▼aAdsorbents
■650 4▼aThermogravimetric analysis
■650 4▼aAdsorption
■650 4▼aWater
■650 4▼aDecomposition
■650 4▼aHeat
■650 4▼aCarbon footprint
■650 4▼aBiomass
■650 4▼aEnvironmental impact
■650 4▼aEnergy resources
■650 4▼aZeolites
■650 4▼aPolymers
■650 4▼aGases
■650 4▼aElectricity
■650 4▼aSorbents
■650 4▼aSolvents
■650 4▼aDehydration
■650 4▼aChemical engineering
■650 4▼aIndustrial engineering
■650 4▼aPolymer chemistry
■690 ▼a0542
■690 ▼a0474
■690 ▼a0546
■690 ▼a0495
■71020▼aGeorgia Institute of Technology.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-05B.
■790 ▼a0078
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2024
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360425▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


