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Sex Differences in Gray Matter Atrophy in Early Multiple Sclerosis: A Comprehensive Analysis of Brain Atrophy Progression
Sex Differences in Gray Matter Atrophy in Early Multiple Sclerosis: A Comprehensive Analysis of Brain Atrophy Progression
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202103627
- ISBN
- 9798315777960
- DDC
- 610
- 서명/저자
- Sex Differences in Gray Matter Atrophy in Early Multiple Sclerosis: A Comprehensive Analysis of Brain Atrophy Progression
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : University of California, Los Angeles, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 117 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-11, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Mackenzie-Graham, Allan.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system characterized by inflammation, neuroaxonal loss, and progressive neurological disability. Females are more susceptible to MS than males, with a ratio of approximately 3:1. Increased susceptibility of females occurs in many autoimmune diseases, suggestive of a fundamental sex-dependent immune mechanism as its etiology. Gray matter (GM) atrophy, a strong predictor of disability progression in MS, is not uniformly distributed across the brain and differs by sex. Brain atrophy, specifically gray matter (GM) atrophy, serves as a putative surrogate for neurodegeneration in MS. Regional gray matter atrophy has been observed in MS with clinical disabilities correlating strongly with atrophy in disability-specific neuroanatomical regions. Sensitive neuroimaging tools capable of detecting early, region-specific GM changes are needed to identify predictive biomarkers of clinical progression in MS.The primary aim of this dissertation was to investigate sex differences in the progression of gray matter (GM) atrophy during early multiple sclerosis (MS) and to identify region-specific predictors of clinical impairment. Sex differences in regional GM atrophy in MS were evaluated using a cohort of female and male MS subjects with age- and disease- matched healthy controls to reveal insights relevant to sex differences in neurodegeneration. In the third chapter, we employed voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and FreeSurfer-based cortical thickness analysis of cross-sectional data between MS patients and healthy controls. We found that while whole-brain GM volume did not differ significantly between patients and controls, region-specific GM loss was evident in both sexes. Females exhibited focal atrophy in the cerebellum, while males showed a broader pattern of neurodegeneration involving the cerebellum, thalamus, and medial frontal cortex-regions associated with motor control and executive function. Notably, males also demonstrated significantly worse performance on the 9-Hole Peg Test (9HPT), and cortical volume was positively correlated with PASAT3 cognitive scores in males but not females. In the fourth chapter, we conducted a longitudinal analysis of the same MS cohort to evaluate sex-specific trajectories of GM atrophy over time. Using voxel-wise analyses and regression analyses, we generated disability-specific GM atrophy maps and identified deep GM structures-particularly the cortex, thalamus and cerebellum-as vulnerable regions in both sexes. However, males displayed more statistically significant declines in GM volume and more pronounced associations between regional atrophy and measures of cognitive and motor disability.Together, these findings suggest that GM atrophy manifests differently between sexes early in the disease, with men exhibiting statistically significant widespread neurodegeneration and stronger structure-function correlations. Understanding these sex-based patterns of atrophy may provide critical insight into MS pathophysiology and help guide the development of more personalized and neuroprotective treatment strategies.
- 일반주제명
- Medicine
- 일반주제명
- Neurosciences
- 일반주제명
- Pathology
- 일반주제명
- Medical imaging
- 키워드
- Brain atrophy
- 키워드
- Sex differences
- 기타저자
- University of California, Los Angeles Physics and Biology in Medicine 009Y
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-11B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■020 ▼a9798315777960
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■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a610
■1001 ▼aMcQueen, Breona Symone.
■24510▼aSex Differences in Gray Matter Atrophy in Early Multiple Sclerosis: A Comprehensive Analysis of Brain Atrophy Progression
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity of California, Los Angeles▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a117 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-11, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Mackenzie-Graham, Allan.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 2025.
■520 ▼aMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system characterized by inflammation, neuroaxonal loss, and progressive neurological disability. Females are more susceptible to MS than males, with a ratio of approximately 3:1. Increased susceptibility of females occurs in many autoimmune diseases, suggestive of a fundamental sex-dependent immune mechanism as its etiology. Gray matter (GM) atrophy, a strong predictor of disability progression in MS, is not uniformly distributed across the brain and differs by sex. Brain atrophy, specifically gray matter (GM) atrophy, serves as a putative surrogate for neurodegeneration in MS. Regional gray matter atrophy has been observed in MS with clinical disabilities correlating strongly with atrophy in disability-specific neuroanatomical regions. Sensitive neuroimaging tools capable of detecting early, region-specific GM changes are needed to identify predictive biomarkers of clinical progression in MS.The primary aim of this dissertation was to investigate sex differences in the progression of gray matter (GM) atrophy during early multiple sclerosis (MS) and to identify region-specific predictors of clinical impairment. Sex differences in regional GM atrophy in MS were evaluated using a cohort of female and male MS subjects with age- and disease- matched healthy controls to reveal insights relevant to sex differences in neurodegeneration. In the third chapter, we employed voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and FreeSurfer-based cortical thickness analysis of cross-sectional data between MS patients and healthy controls. We found that while whole-brain GM volume did not differ significantly between patients and controls, region-specific GM loss was evident in both sexes. Females exhibited focal atrophy in the cerebellum, while males showed a broader pattern of neurodegeneration involving the cerebellum, thalamus, and medial frontal cortex-regions associated with motor control and executive function. Notably, males also demonstrated significantly worse performance on the 9-Hole Peg Test (9HPT), and cortical volume was positively correlated with PASAT3 cognitive scores in males but not females. In the fourth chapter, we conducted a longitudinal analysis of the same MS cohort to evaluate sex-specific trajectories of GM atrophy over time. Using voxel-wise analyses and regression analyses, we generated disability-specific GM atrophy maps and identified deep GM structures-particularly the cortex, thalamus and cerebellum-as vulnerable regions in both sexes. However, males displayed more statistically significant declines in GM volume and more pronounced associations between regional atrophy and measures of cognitive and motor disability.Together, these findings suggest that GM atrophy manifests differently between sexes early in the disease, with men exhibiting statistically significant widespread neurodegeneration and stronger structure-function correlations. Understanding these sex-based patterns of atrophy may provide critical insight into MS pathophysiology and help guide the development of more personalized and neuroprotective treatment strategies.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0031.
■650 4▼aMedicine
■650 4▼aNeurosciences
■650 4▼aPathology
■650 4▼aMedical imaging
■653 ▼aMultiple sclerosis
■653 ▼aGray matter atrophy
■653 ▼aVoxel-based morphometry
■653 ▼aBrain atrophy
■653 ▼aSex differences
■690 ▼a0564
■690 ▼a0574
■690 ▼a0317
■690 ▼a0571
■71020▼aUniversity of California, Los Angeles▼bPhysics and Biology in Medicine 009Y.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g86-11B.
■790 ▼a0031
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17357990▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


