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Planet Formation From 0.1 au to 100 au
Planet Formation From 0.1 au to 100 au
Planet Formation From 0.1 au to 100 au

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202104823
ISBN  
9798297600409
DDC  
523
저자명  
Choksi, Nick.
서명/저자  
Planet Formation From 0.1 au to 100 au
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of California, Berkeley, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
213 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Chiang, Eugene.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약This thesis addresses three topics in planet formation:(i) We study the assembly of close-in sub-Neptunes using clues in their mean-motion resonances. The first clue is the histogram of orbital period ratios, which shows excesses a percent or so wide of perfect integer ratios, and corresponding deficits just narrow of them. We show how this fine structure is reproduced by orbital migration and eccentricity damping driven by the natal gas disk. Another clue lies in the transit timing variations (TTVs) of resonant planets. Besides an amplitude and a period, a sinusoidal TTV has a phase, often overlooked. We show how secular eccentricity forcing by a neighboring planet can phase-shift TTVs. We speculate that after the gas disk era, sub-Neptunes had their eccentricities excited to ∼5-15% in a violent era of giant impacts.(ii) We assess whether chondrules, once-molten mm-sized spheres filling the oldest meteorites, could have formed from super-km/s collisions between planetesimals in the solar nebula. High-velocity collisions release hot and dense clouds of silicate vapor which entrain and heat chondrule precursors. Thermal histories of CB chondrules are reproduced for colliding bodies ∼10-100 km in radius. The slower cooling rates of non-CB, porphyritic chondrules point to colliders with radii ≳ 500 km.(iii) We study how protoplanets accrete from their parent gas disks. Using 3D global simulations we calculate maximum gas accretion rates for planet masses Mp from 1 M⊕ to 10 MJ . When the planet is small enough that its sphere of influence is fully embedded in the disc, with a Bondi radius rBondi smaller than the disc's scale height Hp - such planets have thermal mass parameters qth ≡ (Mp/M⋆)/(Hp/Rp)3 ≲ 0.3, for host stellar mass M⋆ and orbital radius Rp - the maximum accretion rate follows a Bondi scaling, with max Ṁp ∝ M2p. For more massive planets with 0.3 ≲ qth ≲ 10, the Hill sphere replaces the Bondi sphere as the gravitational sphere of influence, and max Ṁp ∝ M1p. In the strongly superthermal limit when qth ≳ 10, the Hill sphere pops well out of the disc, and max Ṁp ∝ M 2/3p. To help find these protoplanets by direct imaging, we compute their broadband spectral energy distributions. We consider how circumplanetary envelopes and circumplanetary discs are heated by accretion and irradiation. Protoplanets more massive than Saturn may be detectable with JWST's NIRCam (Near-Infrared Camera) and the blue portion of MIRI (Mid-Infrared Instrument). At longer wavelengths, circumplanetary material is difficult to see against the circumstellar disc's surface layers that re-process starlight into the far-infrared.
일반주제명  
Astrophysics
일반주제명  
Physics
일반주제명  
Astronomy
키워드  
Gas accretion
키워드  
Orbital dynamics
키워드  
Planets
키워드  
Protoplanetary disks
키워드  
Resonances
기타저자  
University of California, Berkeley Astrophysics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-04B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

 008260126s2025        us                              c    eng  d
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■00520260202104823
■006m          o    d                
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■020    ▼a9798297600409
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32169575
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a523
■1001  ▼aChoksi,  Nick.
■24510▼aPlanet  Formation  From  0.1  au  to  100  au
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a213  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-04,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Chiang,  Eugene.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Berkeley,  2025.
■520    ▼aThis  thesis  addresses  three  topics  in  planet  formation:(i)  We  study  the  assembly  of  close-in  sub-Neptunes  using  clues  in  their  mean-motion  resonances.  The  first  clue  is  the  histogram  of  orbital  period  ratios,  which  shows  excesses  a  percent  or  so  wide  of  perfect  integer  ratios,  and  corresponding  deficits  just  narrow  of  them.  We  show  how  this  fine  structure  is  reproduced  by  orbital  migration  and  eccentricity  damping  driven  by  the  natal  gas  disk.  Another  clue  lies  in  the  transit  timing  variations  (TTVs)  of  resonant  planets.  Besides  an  amplitude  and  a  period,  a  sinusoidal  TTV  has  a  phase,  often  overlooked.  We  show  how  secular  eccentricity  forcing  by  a  neighboring  planet  can  phase-shift  TTVs.  We  speculate  that  after  the  gas  disk  era,  sub-Neptunes  had  their  eccentricities  excited  to  ∼5-15%  in  a  violent  era  of  giant  impacts.(ii)  We  assess  whether  chondrules,  once-molten  mm-sized  spheres  filling  the  oldest  meteorites,  could  have  formed  from  super-km/s  collisions  between  planetesimals  in  the  solar  nebula.  High-velocity  collisions  release  hot  and  dense  clouds  of  silicate  vapor  which  entrain  and  heat  chondrule  precursors.  Thermal  histories  of  CB  chondrules  are  reproduced  for  colliding  bodies  ∼10-100  km  in  radius.  The  slower  cooling  rates  of  non-CB,  porphyritic  chondrules  point  to  colliders  with  radii  ≳  500  km.(iii)  We  study  how  protoplanets  accrete  from  their  parent  gas  disks.  Using  3D  global  simulations  we  calculate  maximum  gas  accretion  rates  for  planet  masses  Mp  from  1  M⊕  to  10  MJ  .  When  the  planet  is  small  enough  that  its  sphere  of  influence  is  fully  embedded  in  the  disc,  with  a  Bondi  radius  rBondi  smaller  than  the  disc's  scale  height  Hp  -  such  planets  have  thermal  mass  parameters  qth  ≡  (Mp/M⋆)/(Hp/Rp)3  ≲  0.3,  for  host  stellar  mass  M⋆  and  orbital  radius  Rp  -  the  maximum  accretion  rate  follows  a  Bondi  scaling,  with  max  Ṁp  ∝  M2p.  For  more  massive  planets  with  0.3  ≲  qth  ≲  10,  the  Hill  sphere  replaces  the  Bondi  sphere  as  the  gravitational  sphere  of  influence,  and  max  Ṁp  ∝  M1p.  In  the  strongly  superthermal  limit  when  qth  ≳  10,  the  Hill  sphere  pops  well  out  of  the  disc,  and  max  Ṁp  ∝  M  2/3p.  To  help  find  these  protoplanets  by  direct  imaging,  we  compute  their  broadband  spectral  energy  distributions.  We  consider  how  circumplanetary  envelopes  and  circumplanetary  discs  are  heated  by  accretion  and  irradiation.  Protoplanets  more  massive  than  Saturn  may  be  detectable  with  JWST's  NIRCam  (Near-Infrared  Camera)  and  the  blue  portion  of  MIRI  (Mid-Infrared  Instrument).  At  longer  wavelengths,  circumplanetary  material  is  difficult  to  see  against  the  circumstellar  disc's  surface  layers  that  re-process  starlight  into  the  far-infrared.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0028.
■650  4▼aAstrophysics
■650  4▼aPhysics
■650  4▼aAstronomy
■653    ▼aGas  accretion
■653    ▼aOrbital  dynamics
■653    ▼aPlanets
■653    ▼aProtoplanetary  disks
■653    ▼aResonances
■690    ▼a0596
■690    ▼a0605
■690    ▼a0606
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼bAstrophysics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-04B.
■790    ▼a0028
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359027▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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