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Planet Formation From 0.1 au to 100 au
Planet Formation From 0.1 au to 100 au
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202104823
- ISBN
- 9798297600409
- DDC
- 523
- 저자명
- Choksi, Nick.
- 서명/저자
- Planet Formation From 0.1 au to 100 au
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : University of California, Berkeley, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 213 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Chiang, Eugene.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약This thesis addresses three topics in planet formation:(i) We study the assembly of close-in sub-Neptunes using clues in their mean-motion resonances. The first clue is the histogram of orbital period ratios, which shows excesses a percent or so wide of perfect integer ratios, and corresponding deficits just narrow of them. We show how this fine structure is reproduced by orbital migration and eccentricity damping driven by the natal gas disk. Another clue lies in the transit timing variations (TTVs) of resonant planets. Besides an amplitude and a period, a sinusoidal TTV has a phase, often overlooked. We show how secular eccentricity forcing by a neighboring planet can phase-shift TTVs. We speculate that after the gas disk era, sub-Neptunes had their eccentricities excited to ∼5-15% in a violent era of giant impacts.(ii) We assess whether chondrules, once-molten mm-sized spheres filling the oldest meteorites, could have formed from super-km/s collisions between planetesimals in the solar nebula. High-velocity collisions release hot and dense clouds of silicate vapor which entrain and heat chondrule precursors. Thermal histories of CB chondrules are reproduced for colliding bodies ∼10-100 km in radius. The slower cooling rates of non-CB, porphyritic chondrules point to colliders with radii ≳ 500 km.(iii) We study how protoplanets accrete from their parent gas disks. Using 3D global simulations we calculate maximum gas accretion rates for planet masses Mp from 1 M⊕ to 10 MJ . When the planet is small enough that its sphere of influence is fully embedded in the disc, with a Bondi radius rBondi smaller than the disc's scale height Hp - such planets have thermal mass parameters qth ≡ (Mp/M⋆)/(Hp/Rp)3 ≲ 0.3, for host stellar mass M⋆ and orbital radius Rp - the maximum accretion rate follows a Bondi scaling, with max Ṁp ∝ M2p. For more massive planets with 0.3 ≲ qth ≲ 10, the Hill sphere replaces the Bondi sphere as the gravitational sphere of influence, and max Ṁp ∝ M1p. In the strongly superthermal limit when qth ≳ 10, the Hill sphere pops well out of the disc, and max Ṁp ∝ M 2/3p. To help find these protoplanets by direct imaging, we compute their broadband spectral energy distributions. We consider how circumplanetary envelopes and circumplanetary discs are heated by accretion and irradiation. Protoplanets more massive than Saturn may be detectable with JWST's NIRCam (Near-Infrared Camera) and the blue portion of MIRI (Mid-Infrared Instrument). At longer wavelengths, circumplanetary material is difficult to see against the circumstellar disc's surface layers that re-process starlight into the far-infrared.
- 일반주제명
- Astrophysics
- 일반주제명
- Physics
- 일반주제명
- Astronomy
- 키워드
- Gas accretion
- 키워드
- Orbital dynamics
- 키워드
- Planets
- 키워드
- Resonances
- 기타저자
- University of California, Berkeley Astrophysics
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-04B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
008260126s2025 us c eng d■001000017359027
■00520260202104823
■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798297600409
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32169575
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a523
■1001 ▼aChoksi, Nick.
■24510▼aPlanet Formation From 0.1 au to 100 au
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity of California, Berkeley▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a213 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Chiang, Eugene.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2025.
■520 ▼aThis thesis addresses three topics in planet formation:(i) We study the assembly of close-in sub-Neptunes using clues in their mean-motion resonances. The first clue is the histogram of orbital period ratios, which shows excesses a percent or so wide of perfect integer ratios, and corresponding deficits just narrow of them. We show how this fine structure is reproduced by orbital migration and eccentricity damping driven by the natal gas disk. Another clue lies in the transit timing variations (TTVs) of resonant planets. Besides an amplitude and a period, a sinusoidal TTV has a phase, often overlooked. We show how secular eccentricity forcing by a neighboring planet can phase-shift TTVs. We speculate that after the gas disk era, sub-Neptunes had their eccentricities excited to ∼5-15% in a violent era of giant impacts.(ii) We assess whether chondrules, once-molten mm-sized spheres filling the oldest meteorites, could have formed from super-km/s collisions between planetesimals in the solar nebula. High-velocity collisions release hot and dense clouds of silicate vapor which entrain and heat chondrule precursors. Thermal histories of CB chondrules are reproduced for colliding bodies ∼10-100 km in radius. The slower cooling rates of non-CB, porphyritic chondrules point to colliders with radii ≳ 500 km.(iii) We study how protoplanets accrete from their parent gas disks. Using 3D global simulations we calculate maximum gas accretion rates for planet masses Mp from 1 M⊕ to 10 MJ . When the planet is small enough that its sphere of influence is fully embedded in the disc, with a Bondi radius rBondi smaller than the disc's scale height Hp - such planets have thermal mass parameters qth ≡ (Mp/M⋆)/(Hp/Rp)3 ≲ 0.3, for host stellar mass M⋆ and orbital radius Rp - the maximum accretion rate follows a Bondi scaling, with max Ṁp ∝ M2p. For more massive planets with 0.3 ≲ qth ≲ 10, the Hill sphere replaces the Bondi sphere as the gravitational sphere of influence, and max Ṁp ∝ M1p. In the strongly superthermal limit when qth ≳ 10, the Hill sphere pops well out of the disc, and max Ṁp ∝ M 2/3p. To help find these protoplanets by direct imaging, we compute their broadband spectral energy distributions. We consider how circumplanetary envelopes and circumplanetary discs are heated by accretion and irradiation. Protoplanets more massive than Saturn may be detectable with JWST's NIRCam (Near-Infrared Camera) and the blue portion of MIRI (Mid-Infrared Instrument). At longer wavelengths, circumplanetary material is difficult to see against the circumstellar disc's surface layers that re-process starlight into the far-infrared.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0028.
■650 4▼aAstrophysics
■650 4▼aPhysics
■650 4▼aAstronomy
■653 ▼aGas accretion
■653 ▼aOrbital dynamics
■653 ▼aPlanets
■653 ▼aProtoplanetary disks
■653 ▼aResonances
■690 ▼a0596
■690 ▼a0605
■690 ▼a0606
■71020▼aUniversity of California, Berkeley▼bAstrophysics.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-04B.
■790 ▼a0028
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359027▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


