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Multiscale Sensing of the Physical Cellular Environment: Phase-Field Modeling and Experiments
Multiscale Sensing of the Physical Cellular Environment: Phase-Field Modeling and Experime...
Multiscale Sensing of the Physical Cellular Environment: Phase-Field Modeling and Experiments

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202104825
ISBN  
9798293836970
DDC  
574.191
저자명  
Herr, Corey Joshua.
서명/저자  
Multiscale Sensing of the Physical Cellular Environment: Phase-Field Modeling and Experiments
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Maryland, College Park, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
201 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Losert, Wolfgang.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Maryland, College Park, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Cells constantly interact with their physical environment by sensing and responding to mechanical and topographical cues. These cues span multiple scales, from subcellular interactions with the extracellular matrix to population-scale confinement in morphogenesis. Central to this process is the actin cytoskeleton, which serves as both a local force generator and a medium for signal integration and propagation. In this dissertation, I combine multiscale computational modeling with quantitative imaging to investigate how actin dynamics drive physical sensing from the scale of single protrusions to collective cellular behavior.The actin cytoskeleton is the primary mechanism for generating forces that cause cell protrusions and guided migration. Using 12Z cells as a model of endometriosis, we examine how exposure to the biochemical signal estradiol alters actin organization and, consequently, cell morphology. High-resolution 3D imaging reveals that estradiol treatment increases protrusion size and disorder in actin dynamics, consistent with enhanced cellular invasiveness. These findings highlight how chemical signals modulate mechanical output through actin-based protrusions, reinforcing the role of actin as a key transducer of biochemical cues into physical motion.At the subcellular scale, we use a 3D phase-field model to illustrate how cells exhibit unidirectional migration on asymmetric nanotopographies, with directionality controlled by actin polymerization rate and topographic scale. In this model, an asymmetric substrate alone can cause spontaneous polarization and reproduce the shape and guidance morphologies observed experimentally. These predictions align with a reanalysis of D. discoideum experiments, revealing that guidance on subcellular sawteeth depends on both cell velocity and feature height. This agreement indicates that membrane deformation and local curvature sensing, driven by actin forces, are sufficient to bias migration in complex microenvironments.To study how the actin cytoskeleton responds to chemical cues found in the extracellular matrix, we analyze epithelial cell migration on collagen-coated nanoridges. On nanoridges, collagen IV enhances actin alignment and cell elongation; however, actin guidance remains decoupled from the direction of migration. Therefore, additional mechanisms, such as focal adhesion dynamics, may contribute to directional sensing.At larger scales, we develop a scalable 2D multicellular phase-field model incorporating excitable actin dynamics. This framework enables simulations of thousands of deformable cells on consumer hardware. The model spans a range of scales, allowing cell interaction, long-distance wave propagation, and information exchange. In this model, excitable intracellular mechanics, along with local physical interactions, can lead to emergent synchronization and local sensing of the shape of large-scale confinement.Together, these findings suggest that actin serves as a mechanochemical interface for multiscale environmental sensing by driving local protrusions, integrating physical signals, and enabling collective coordination through excitable dynamics. Actin polymerization additionally acts as an upstream regulator of other cell functions, which opens avenues for future experimental studies on the effects of actin synchronization and pulsing on biophysical behavior. By linking cytoskeletal signaling to large-scale coordination, this work lays the foundation for identifying new physical mechanisms underlying biological processes that require coordination, such as metastasis and tissue morphogenesis.
일반주제명  
Biophysics
일반주제명  
Computational physics
일반주제명  
Biomechanics
일반주제명  
Cellular biology
일반주제명  
Nanotechnology
키워드  
Actin dynamics
키워드  
Cell motility
키워드  
Cytoskeleton
키워드  
Optical flow
키워드  
Phase-field model
키워드  
Synchronization
기타저자  
University of Maryland, College Park Physics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-03B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aHerr,  Corey  Joshua.▼0(orcid)0000-0001-9888-6572
■24510▼aMultiscale  Sensing  of  the  Physical  Cellular  Environment:  Phase-Field  Modeling  and  Experiments
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Maryland,  College  Park▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a201  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-03,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Losert,  Wolfgang.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Maryland,  College  Park,  2025.
■520    ▼aCells  constantly  interact  with  their  physical  environment  by  sensing  and  responding  to  mechanical  and  topographical  cues.  These  cues  span  multiple  scales,  from  subcellular  interactions  with  the  extracellular  matrix  to  population-scale  confinement  in  morphogenesis.  Central  to  this  process  is  the  actin  cytoskeleton,  which  serves  as  both  a  local  force  generator  and  a  medium  for  signal  integration  and  propagation.  In  this  dissertation,  I  combine  multiscale  computational  modeling  with  quantitative  imaging  to  investigate  how  actin  dynamics  drive  physical  sensing  from  the  scale  of  single  protrusions  to  collective  cellular  behavior.The  actin  cytoskeleton  is  the  primary  mechanism  for  generating  forces  that  cause  cell  protrusions  and  guided  migration.  Using  12Z  cells  as  a  model  of  endometriosis,  we  examine  how  exposure  to  the  biochemical  signal  estradiol  alters  actin  organization  and,  consequently,  cell  morphology.  High-resolution  3D  imaging  reveals  that  estradiol  treatment  increases  protrusion  size  and  disorder  in  actin  dynamics,  consistent  with  enhanced  cellular  invasiveness.  These  findings  highlight  how  chemical  signals  modulate  mechanical  output  through  actin-based  protrusions,  reinforcing  the  role  of  actin  as  a  key  transducer  of  biochemical  cues  into  physical  motion.At  the  subcellular  scale,  we  use  a  3D  phase-field  model  to  illustrate  how  cells  exhibit  unidirectional  migration  on  asymmetric  nanotopographies,  with  directionality  controlled  by  actin  polymerization  rate  and  topographic  scale.  In  this  model,  an  asymmetric  substrate  alone  can  cause  spontaneous  polarization  and  reproduce  the  shape  and  guidance  morphologies  observed  experimentally.  These  predictions  align  with  a  reanalysis  of  D.  discoideum  experiments,  revealing  that  guidance  on  subcellular  sawteeth  depends  on  both  cell  velocity  and  feature  height.  This  agreement  indicates  that  membrane  deformation  and  local  curvature  sensing,  driven  by  actin  forces,  are  sufficient  to  bias  migration  in  complex  microenvironments.To  study  how  the  actin  cytoskeleton  responds  to  chemical  cues  found  in  the  extracellular  matrix,  we  analyze  epithelial  cell  migration  on  collagen-coated  nanoridges.  On  nanoridges,  collagen  IV  enhances  actin  alignment  and  cell  elongation;  however,  actin  guidance  remains  decoupled  from  the  direction  of  migration.  Therefore,  additional  mechanisms,  such  as  focal  adhesion  dynamics,  may  contribute  to  directional  sensing.At  larger  scales,  we  develop  a  scalable  2D  multicellular  phase-field  model  incorporating  excitable  actin  dynamics.  This  framework  enables  simulations  of  thousands  of  deformable  cells  on  consumer  hardware.  The  model  spans  a  range  of  scales,  allowing  cell  interaction,  long-distance  wave  propagation,  and  information  exchange.  In  this  model,  excitable  intracellular  mechanics,  along  with  local  physical  interactions,  can  lead  to  emergent  synchronization  and  local  sensing  of  the  shape  of  large-scale  confinement.Together,  these  findings  suggest  that  actin  serves  as  a  mechanochemical  interface  for  multiscale  environmental  sensing  by  driving  local  protrusions,  integrating  physical  signals,  and  enabling  collective  coordination  through  excitable  dynamics.  Actin  polymerization  additionally  acts  as  an  upstream  regulator  of  other  cell  functions,  which  opens  avenues  for  future  experimental  studies  on  the  effects  of  actin  synchronization  and  pulsing  on  biophysical  behavior.  By  linking  cytoskeletal  signaling  to  large-scale  coordination,  this  work  lays  the  foundation  for  identifying  new  physical  mechanisms  underlying  biological  processes  that  require  coordination,  such  as  metastasis  and  tissue  morphogenesis.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0117.
■650  4▼aBiophysics
■650  4▼aComputational  physics
■650  4▼aBiomechanics
■650  4▼aCellular  biology
■650  4▼aNanotechnology
■653    ▼aActin  dynamics
■653    ▼aCell  motility
■653    ▼aCytoskeleton
■653    ▼aOptical  flow
■653    ▼aPhase-field  model
■653    ▼aSynchronization
■690    ▼a0786
■690    ▼a0216
■690    ▼a0648
■690    ▼a0379
■690    ▼a0652
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Maryland,  College  Park▼bPhysics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-03B.
■790    ▼a0117
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359037▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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