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Fragmented Indigenous Struggle: Contentious Politics and the Mapuche in Chile
Fragmented Indigenous Struggle: Contentious Politics and the Mapuche in Chile
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202104831
- ISBN
- 9798297600829
- DDC
- 320
- 서명/저자
- Fragmented Indigenous Struggle: Contentious Politics and the Mapuche in Chile
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : University of California, Berkeley, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 120 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: A.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Arriola, Leonardo;Post, Alison.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Across the Americas, Indigenous peoples continue to experience the enduring legacies of colonial dispossession, cultural erasure, and political exclusion. In response to this structural marginalization, Indigenous communities have adopted a wide range of strategies to navigate, negotiate with, or reject the authority of the settler state. These responses range from full assimilation and participation within state institutions to radical demands for autonomy and self-determination. While political science has increasingly recognized the importance of Indigenous politics, much of the existing literature continues to treat Indigenous populations as internally homogenous actors, often flattening the complexity of Indigenous identity and political behavior.This dissertation challenges assumptions of Indigenous homogeneity by investigating the sources of political and identity-based variation within the Mapuche people of Chile, the country's largest Indigenous group, representing approximately 10% of the national population. The Mapuche provide a compelling case for analyzing within-group variation: despite a shared history of dispossession, Mapuche communities pursue diverse political strategies. Some Mapuche individuals fully assimilate and identify primarily with the Chilean nation-state. Others straddle Indigenous and national identities, participating in democratic institutions to advocate for their communities. And others reject the Chilean state altogether, framing it as as an illegitimate settler-colonial occupier and mobilizing for territorial and political autonomy.This variation raises a fundamental set of questions: Under what conditions do Indigenous individuals choose to identify with, reject, or act independently of the state? Under what conditions do Indigenous communities engage with institutional channels such as voting, and when do they pursue counter-institutional forms of mobilization? And finally, how do state policies, particularly those tied to development and redistribution, shape Indigenous people's orientation toward the state?To address these questions, this dissertation presents three empirical papers, each of which examines a different dimension of the relationship between state policy and Indigenous political behavior: identity formation, collective secessionist mobilization, and electoral participation.The first paper, Extraction and Political Identity: The Effects of Chile's Forestry Plantations on Indigenous Identity, develops a novel theory linking extractive development to the erosion of national identity among Indigenous peoples. I argue that the expansion of extractive industries generates political alienation through three interrelated mechanisms: (1) environmental degradation that undermines traditional Mapuche livelihoods and cosmologies; (2) material resentment toward a state that facilitates corporate enrichment while continuing patterns of Indigenous dispossession; and (3) historical resentment, as contemporary extraction replicates the violence of past land loss during the colonial period. Using original data on industrial forestry subsidies under Chile's Decree Law 701 and two surveys on identity, I show that municipalities receiving higher levels of forestry subsidies have significantly higher rates of Mapuche-only identifiers. These findings suggest that state-supported extraction contributes to a rejection of Chilean national identity in Indigenous areas.The second paper, Extraction and Self-Determination: The Effects of Chile's Forestry Plantations on Self-Determination Events, investigates the emergence and spatial variation of the Mapuche self-determination movement. While not all Mapuche support autonomy claims, segments of the population have engaged in direct actions, ranging from land occupations and road blockades to arson attacks and peaceful demonstrations, challenging the legitimacy of the Chilean state. Frequently framed in public discourse as the "Mapuche Conflict," these actions are better understood as part of a broader political project of decolonization. Drawing from the same theoretical framework employed in the first paper, I argue that extractive development can trigger territorial resistance by rendering Mapuche livelihoods and worldviews incompatible with the state. Using spatial data on forestry subsidies, infrastructure investment, and a geocoded dataset of self-determination events from 1990-2021, I demonstrate that municipalities with higher levels of subsidized forestry are significantly more likely to experience both violent and non-violent Indigenous self-determination mobilization.The third paper, Land Subsidies, Land Back, and Voter Registration among the Mapuche in Chile, shifts from extraction to redistribution to assess whether the state can foster Indigenous political incorporation through land restitution. Building on the policy feedback literature, I argue that redistribution influences political behavior by shaping how Indigenous communities interpret the state's legitimacy and responsiveness. I examine two types of land policies under Article 20 of Chile's Indigenous Law: Article 20(a), which provides land to individual families based on need, and Article 20(b), which provides communal land restitution to Indigenous communities based on historical claims. While both aim to return land, they differ in design and symbolic meaning. I argue that 20(a) fosters closer ties to the state by positioning recipients as small landowners, while 20(b), with its land-back framing and bureaucratic hurdles, may deepen distrust in state institutions. Using a difference-in-differences design, I provide causal evidence that only 20(a) is associated with increased voter registration among Mapuche individuals, suggesting that the institutional design of land policies conditions their political effects.Together, these three papers offer an empirically rich and theoretically grounded account of how state interventions shape Indigenous people's orientation toward and engagement with the state. By moving beyond assumptions of Indigenous uniformity, this dissertation demonstrates that Indigenous political identity and participation are not static but are contingent on state policies, historical memory, and the material realities of territorial governance.
- 일반주제명
- Political science
- 일반주제명
- Latin American studies
- 일반주제명
- Public administration
- 일반주제명
- Native studies
- 키워드
- Decolonization
- 기타저자
- University of California, Berkeley Political Science
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-04A.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798297600829
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32170622
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a320
■1001 ▼aNavarro-Rodriguez, Vanessa.
■24510▼aFragmented Indigenous Struggle: Contentious Politics and the Mapuche in Chile
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity of California, Berkeley▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a120 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: A.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Arriola, Leonardo;Post, Alison.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2025.
■520 ▼aAcross the Americas, Indigenous peoples continue to experience the enduring legacies of colonial dispossession, cultural erasure, and political exclusion. In response to this structural marginalization, Indigenous communities have adopted a wide range of strategies to navigate, negotiate with, or reject the authority of the settler state. These responses range from full assimilation and participation within state institutions to radical demands for autonomy and self-determination. While political science has increasingly recognized the importance of Indigenous politics, much of the existing literature continues to treat Indigenous populations as internally homogenous actors, often flattening the complexity of Indigenous identity and political behavior.This dissertation challenges assumptions of Indigenous homogeneity by investigating the sources of political and identity-based variation within the Mapuche people of Chile, the country's largest Indigenous group, representing approximately 10% of the national population. The Mapuche provide a compelling case for analyzing within-group variation: despite a shared history of dispossession, Mapuche communities pursue diverse political strategies. Some Mapuche individuals fully assimilate and identify primarily with the Chilean nation-state. Others straddle Indigenous and national identities, participating in democratic institutions to advocate for their communities. And others reject the Chilean state altogether, framing it as as an illegitimate settler-colonial occupier and mobilizing for territorial and political autonomy.This variation raises a fundamental set of questions: Under what conditions do Indigenous individuals choose to identify with, reject, or act independently of the state? Under what conditions do Indigenous communities engage with institutional channels such as voting, and when do they pursue counter-institutional forms of mobilization? And finally, how do state policies, particularly those tied to development and redistribution, shape Indigenous people's orientation toward the state?To address these questions, this dissertation presents three empirical papers, each of which examines a different dimension of the relationship between state policy and Indigenous political behavior: identity formation, collective secessionist mobilization, and electoral participation.The first paper, Extraction and Political Identity: The Effects of Chile's Forestry Plantations on Indigenous Identity, develops a novel theory linking extractive development to the erosion of national identity among Indigenous peoples. I argue that the expansion of extractive industries generates political alienation through three interrelated mechanisms: (1) environmental degradation that undermines traditional Mapuche livelihoods and cosmologies; (2) material resentment toward a state that facilitates corporate enrichment while continuing patterns of Indigenous dispossession; and (3) historical resentment, as contemporary extraction replicates the violence of past land loss during the colonial period. Using original data on industrial forestry subsidies under Chile's Decree Law 701 and two surveys on identity, I show that municipalities receiving higher levels of forestry subsidies have significantly higher rates of Mapuche-only identifiers. These findings suggest that state-supported extraction contributes to a rejection of Chilean national identity in Indigenous areas.The second paper, Extraction and Self-Determination: The Effects of Chile's Forestry Plantations on Self-Determination Events, investigates the emergence and spatial variation of the Mapuche self-determination movement. While not all Mapuche support autonomy claims, segments of the population have engaged in direct actions, ranging from land occupations and road blockades to arson attacks and peaceful demonstrations, challenging the legitimacy of the Chilean state. Frequently framed in public discourse as the "Mapuche Conflict," these actions are better understood as part of a broader political project of decolonization. Drawing from the same theoretical framework employed in the first paper, I argue that extractive development can trigger territorial resistance by rendering Mapuche livelihoods and worldviews incompatible with the state. Using spatial data on forestry subsidies, infrastructure investment, and a geocoded dataset of self-determination events from 1990-2021, I demonstrate that municipalities with higher levels of subsidized forestry are significantly more likely to experience both violent and non-violent Indigenous self-determination mobilization.The third paper, Land Subsidies, Land Back, and Voter Registration among the Mapuche in Chile, shifts from extraction to redistribution to assess whether the state can foster Indigenous political incorporation through land restitution. Building on the policy feedback literature, I argue that redistribution influences political behavior by shaping how Indigenous communities interpret the state's legitimacy and responsiveness. I examine two types of land policies under Article 20 of Chile's Indigenous Law: Article 20(a), which provides land to individual families based on need, and Article 20(b), which provides communal land restitution to Indigenous communities based on historical claims. While both aim to return land, they differ in design and symbolic meaning. I argue that 20(a) fosters closer ties to the state by positioning recipients as small landowners, while 20(b), with its land-back framing and bureaucratic hurdles, may deepen distrust in state institutions. Using a difference-in-differences design, I provide causal evidence that only 20(a) is associated with increased voter registration among Mapuche individuals, suggesting that the institutional design of land policies conditions their political effects.Together, these three papers offer an empirically rich and theoretically grounded account of how state interventions shape Indigenous people's orientation toward and engagement with the state. By moving beyond assumptions of Indigenous uniformity, this dissertation demonstrates that Indigenous political identity and participation are not static but are contingent on state policies, historical memory, and the material realities of territorial governance.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0028.
■650 4▼aPolitical science
■650 4▼aLatin American studies
■650 4▼aPublic administration
■650 4▼aNative studies
■653 ▼aComparative politics
■653 ▼aIndigenous politics
■653 ▼aLatin American politics
■653 ▼aPolitical economy
■653 ▼aDecolonization
■690 ▼a0615
■690 ▼a0741
■690 ▼a0617
■690 ▼a0550
■71020▼aUniversity of California, Berkeley▼bPolitical Science.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-04A.
■790 ▼a0028
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359076▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


