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The Politics of Mathematics in Plato's Republic
The Politics of Mathematics in Plato's Republic
The Politics of Mathematics in Plato's Republic

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202103823
ISBN  
9798288865169
DDC  
320
저자명  
Stevens, Samuel.
서명/저자  
The Politics of Mathematics in Platos Republic
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of California, Berkeley, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
132 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Hoekstra, Kinch.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약In this dissertation, I set out to explain why the Republic's philosopher-rulers must study mathematics. The puzzle is this: Socrates seems to require that the prospective philosopher-rulers studying mathematics for ten years, longer even than their education in philosophy. This great length of time seems insufficiently explained. One might reasonably think that, because the philosopher-rulers are defined by their practice of philosophy and their role as rulers, a decade of mathematical study could only be justified if mathematics were necessary for one or both of these activities. Yet, Socrates never suggests that mathematical knowledge is necessary for either. Why, then, is there so much mathematics?The explanation I offer here depends on identifying the problem that Plato intends the decade of mathematics to solve. This problem is, I argue, political, not philosophical. The prospective philosopher-rulers must be taught philosophy, but philosophy runs the risk of corrupting its students. By painfully exposing the falsehoods in the student's values, philosophy can undermine the student's reasons for acting in the interests of the city. Without these values, the student is vulnerable to being captured by their base desires and so acting selfishly, pursuing personal fame, glory, and wealth at the expense of the city's justice. The possibility of such a corrupted student must be avoided in Callipolis because such an egoistic individual would undermine the institutions of the just city. If this corruption must be avoided, Socrates must find some way to ensure that any student who studies philosophy in Callipolis is steadfast enough to weather the disorientation of philosophy. This seems to be function of mathematics. I will argue that we have ample resources in the Republic to understand why mathematics can produce such characters. First, and most simply, Socrates works to construct a category of mathematical study that distances it from all aspects of everyday life. This ensures that studying mathematics will not cause the student to question their values. Second, we have clear evidence that studying mathematics engages and cultivates the desire for truth. This channeling of desire means that the student will, as a side effect, become less attracted to base pleasures. When such a student finds their values refuted, they will therefore be less susceptible to the flattery of their base desires and simultaneously compelled by their desire for truth to continue to investigate. Third, I will argue that the primary purpose of the long discussion of the five mathematical sciences in Republic 7 and of the presence of geometry in the Divided Line is to show us how the diagrammatic practice of Greek mathematics convinces the student that there is a difference between abstract objects and their images, and that truth lies in the former not the latter. The effect of all of this is that, when the student does begin to study philosophy and has their beliefs refuted, they will be more stable, less tempted by base pleasures, convinced of the necessity of pursuing truth, and equipped with a sense of what that might entail. Such a person can be trusted to do philosophy safely, secured from the risks of corruption.  The prospective philosopher-ruler must, then, study mathematics because studying mathematics will preserve the justice of the city. The result is account of Plato's mathematics that explains its significance through its psychagogic power. The practice of mathematics can be important and powerful for Plato without mathematical knowledge being necessary for philosophy or for politics. Nothing I say will depend on the ontology of mathematical objects or the axiomatic structure of mathematical science. These are issues that have dominated the reception of Plato's mathematics since Aristotle but are not explicitly discussed in Plato's dialogues. By focusing instead on the practice of mathematics, I offer a reading on which the philosophy of mathematics in the Republic is coherent, politically important, and, relative to the dialogue's goals, complete. Mathematics can thus be centrally significant to Plato for reasons he develops explicitly in the text.
일반주제명  
Political science
일반주제명  
Philosophy
일반주제명  
Classical literature
일반주제명  
Mathematics
키워드  
Ancient philosophy
키워드  
Elenchus
키워드  
Plato
키워드  
Political theory
키워드  
Politics
기타저자  
University of California, Berkeley Political Science
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

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■520    ▼aIn  this  dissertation,  I  set  out  to  explain  why  the  Republic's  philosopher-rulers  must  study  mathematics.  The  puzzle  is  this:  Socrates  seems  to  require  that  the  prospective  philosopher-rulers  studying  mathematics  for  ten  years,  longer  even  than  their  education  in  philosophy.  This  great  length  of  time  seems  insufficiently  explained.  One  might  reasonably  think  that,  because  the  philosopher-rulers  are  defined  by  their  practice  of  philosophy  and  their  role  as  rulers,  a  decade  of  mathematical  study  could  only  be  justified  if  mathematics  were  necessary  for  one  or  both  of  these  activities.  Yet,  Socrates  never  suggests  that  mathematical  knowledge  is  necessary  for  either.  Why,  then,  is  there  so  much  mathematics?The  explanation  I  offer  here  depends  on  identifying  the  problem  that  Plato  intends  the  decade  of  mathematics  to  solve.  This  problem  is,  I  argue,  political,  not  philosophical.  The  prospective  philosopher-rulers  must  be  taught  philosophy,  but  philosophy  runs  the  risk  of  corrupting  its  students.  By  painfully  exposing  the  falsehoods  in  the  student's  values,  philosophy  can  undermine  the  student's  reasons  for  acting  in  the  interests  of  the  city.  Without  these  values,  the  student  is  vulnerable  to  being  captured  by  their  base  desires  and  so  acting  selfishly,  pursuing  personal  fame,  glory,  and  wealth  at  the  expense  of  the  city's  justice.  The  possibility  of  such  a  corrupted  student  must  be  avoided  in  Callipolis  because  such  an  egoistic  individual  would  undermine  the  institutions  of  the  just  city. If  this  corruption  must  be  avoided,  Socrates  must  find  some  way  to  ensure  that  any  student  who  studies  philosophy  in  Callipolis  is  steadfast  enough  to  weather  the  disorientation  of  philosophy.  This  seems  to  be  function  of  mathematics.  I  will  argue  that  we  have  ample  resources  in  the  Republic  to  understand  why  mathematics  can  produce  such  characters.  First,  and  most  simply,  Socrates  works  to  construct  a  category  of  mathematical  study  that  distances  it  from  all  aspects  of  everyday  life.  This  ensures  that  studying  mathematics  will  not  cause  the  student  to  question  their values.  Second,  we  have  clear  evidence  that  studying  mathematics  engages  and  cultivates  the  desire  for  truth.  This  channeling  of  desire  means  that  the  student  will,  as  a  side  effect,  become  less  attracted  to  base  pleasures.  When  such  a  student  finds  their  values  refuted,  they  will  therefore  be  less  susceptible  to  the  flattery  of  their  base  desires  and  simultaneously  compelled  by  their  desire  for  truth  to  continue  to  investigate.  Third,  I  will  argue  that  the  primary  purpose  of  the  long  discussion  of  the  five  mathematical  sciences  in  Republic  7  and  of  the  presence  of  geometry  in  the  Divided  Line  is  to  show  us  how  the  diagrammatic  practice  of  Greek  mathematics  convinces  the  student  that  there  is  a  difference  between  abstract  objects  and  their  images,  and  that  truth  lies  in  the  former  not  the  latter.  The  effect  of  all  of  this  is  that,  when  the  student  does  begin  to  study  philosophy  and  has  their  beliefs  refuted,  they  will  be  more  stable,  less  tempted  by  base  pleasures,  convinced  of  the  necessity  of  pursuing  truth,  and  equipped  with  a  sense  of  what  that  might  entail.  Such  a  person  can  be  trusted  to  do  philosophy  safely,  secured  from  the  risks  of  corruption.  The  prospective  philosopher-ruler  must,  then,  study  mathematics  because  studying  mathematics  will  preserve  the  justice  of  the  city.  The  result  is  account  of  Plato's  mathematics  that  explains  its  significance  through  its  psychagogic  power.  The  practice  of  mathematics  can  be  important  and  powerful  for  Plato  without  mathematical  knowledge  being  necessary  for  philosophy  or  for  politics.  Nothing  I  say  will  depend  on  the  ontology  of  mathematical  objects  or  the  axiomatic  structure  of  mathematical  science.  These  are  issues  that  have  dominated  the  reception  of  Plato's  mathematics  since  Aristotle  but  are  not  explicitly  discussed  in  Plato's  dialogues.  By  focusing  instead  on  the  practice  of  mathematics,  I  offer  a  reading  on  which  the  philosophy  of  mathematics  in  the  Republic  is  coherent,  politically  important,  and,  relative  to  the  dialogue's  goals,  complete.  Mathematics  can  thus  be  centrally  significant  to  Plato  for  reasons  he  develops  explicitly  in  the  text.
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