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Examining the Interplay Between Terrestrial Nutrient Inputs and Harmful Algal Blooms in the California Current : Examinando la interaccion entre los aportes de nutrientes terrestres y las Floraciones Algales Nocivas en la Corriente de California
Examining the Interplay Between Terrestrial Nutrient Inputs and Harmful Algal Blooms in the California Current : Examinando la interaccion entre los aportes de nutrientes terrestres y las Floraciones Algales Nocivas en la Corriente de California
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202103823
- ISBN
- 9798315730774
- DDC
- 577
- 서명/저자
- Examining the Interplay Between Terrestrial Nutrient Inputs and Harmful Algal Blooms in the California Current : Examinando la interaccion entre los aportes de nutrientes terrestres y las Floraciones Algales Nocivas en la Corriente de California
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : University of California, Los Angeles, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 228 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-11, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Bianchi, Daniele.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Eutrophication, defined as the excess of nutrients in the marine environment, can lead to negative ecological effects, most visible through the intensification of harmful algal blooms (HABs). Along California Current System in the U.S. West Coast, particular concern surrounds blooms of the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia spp. (PN), which produces the neurotoxin domoic acid (DA). These toxic events pose serious risks to marine ecosystems, human health, and coastal economies. Eutrophication also contributes to additional ecosystem stressors, including hypoxia and ocean acidification, which may co-occur with HABs and exacerbate their impacts. Therefore, understanding the relative contribution from natural and anthropogenic sources to nutrient enrichment is essential to assess ecosystem vulnerability and inform coastal management. This dissertation investigates the physical and biogeochemical drivers of PN HABs in the California coast, focusing on how terrestrial nutrient sources influence bloom dynamics, toxin production, and co-occurring environmental stressors.Chapter 1 provides the scientific context and conceptual framework for the dissertation, including a synthesis of previous research on HABs and additional biogeochemical impacts from eutrophication along California waters. It also outlines the central research questions that motivate the integrated observational and modeling approach developed in subsequent chapters.In Chapter 2, I analyze a comprehensive 20-year observational dataset to uncover the spatial and temporal patterns of PN HABs along California coast. The focus is on three major hotspots with high data density: Monterey Bay, the Santa Barbara Channel, and the San Pedro Channel. Coastwide, DA outbreaks are strongly associated with upwelling intensity, elevated chlorophyll-a, and silicic acid limitation relative to other nutrients. However, specific regional differences were found. In Monterey Bay, PN HAB frequency and intensity increase under relatively nutrient-poor conditions during anomalously low upwelling intensities. In contrast, in the Santa Barbara and San Pedro Channels, PN HABs are favored under cold, nitrogen-rich conditions during more intense upwelling. The results also help identify when DA risk is highest by establishing chlorophyll-a thresholds that can inform predictive tools and early warning systems.In Chapter 3, I implement and validate a mechanistic formulation of DA production, embedded into a three-dimensional coupled hydrodynamic-biogeochemical model for the Southern California Bight. The model successfully reproduces observed seasonal patterns, vertical distributions, and horizontal gradients of particulate DA. By simulating scenarios with and without anthropogenic terrestrial nutrient inputs, the analysis shows that nitrogen from land-based sources enhances coastal diatom production and shifts the limiting nutrient from nitrogen to silica, thereby amplifying DA production. As a result, the surface pDA concentrations along the coastal band increase by approximately 25% on average over the entire period when anthropogenic inputs are included. This work shows that a relatively simple nutrient-based formulation can effectively capture the marine DA cycle across ecosystem compartments, offering a powerful tool to diagnose HAB development and intensification mechanisms.Building upon the modeling framework in Chapter 3, Chapter 4 applies a high-resolution coupled model to the San Francisco-Monterey Bay region in Central California, explicitly incorporating terrestrial nutrient inputs from rivers, wastewater outfalls, and San Francisco Bay (SFB) exchange. Attribution simulations, where different sources of nutrients are added incrementally, show the largest effect from the SFB inputs, followed by rivers and outfalls, with each source exhibiting a distinct local footprint. These inputs increase dissolved inorganic nitrogen by 11.4%, primary production by 6.5%, and chlorophyll concentration by 4.5% along the coastal band. The resulting nutrient enhancement fosters conditions conducive to coastal PN HABs, locally increasing the likelihood of HAB-favorable chlorophyll concentrations by 10-45% compared to a scenario without terrestrial nutrient inputs. Declines in subsurface oxygen and pH are less severe and more localized, likely because of the influence of upwelling and vigorous circulation. Effective nutrient management and robust monitoring efforts are essential to track ecosystem status in the region and ensure its resilience under changing conditions.Chapter 5 synthesizes the findings, highlighting the need to account for terrestrial nutrient inputs in managing the risk of HAB and biogeochemical change. The results underscore the value of integrated models to predict HAB dynamics and inform coastal resilience strategies.
- 초록/해제
- 요약eutrofizacion, entendida como el exceso de nutrientes en ambientes marinos, puede intensificar floraciones algales nocivas (FAN) y generar estresores adicionales como hipoxia y acidificacion oceanica. En la Corriente de California, las floraciones de Pseudo-nitzschia spp. (PN), productoras de acido domoico (AD), representan un riesgo para los ecosistemas marinos, la salud humana y las economias costeras. Comprender como las fuentes de nutrientes, tanto naturales como antropogenicas, influyen en estas floraciones es esencial para evaluar la vulnerabilidad del ecosistema y apoyar la gestion costera. Esta tesis investiga los impulsores fisicos y biogeoquimicos de las FAN de PN en California, con enfasis en los aportes terrestres de nutrientes y sus efectos sobre la produccion de toxinas y estresores ambientales.El Capitulo 1 presenta el contexto cientifico y las preguntas de investigacion. En el Capitulo 2, analizo 20 anos de datos observacionales para caracterizar patrones espaciales y temporales de FAN en tres zonas criticas: Bahia de Monterey (MB), Canal de Santa Barbara (SBC) y Canal de San Pedro (SPC). Los brotes de AD estan asociados a la intensidad del afloramiento, la clorofila-a y la limitacion de silice. En MB, las FAN son mas frecuentes bajo condiciones pobres en nutrientes y afloramiento debil. En SBC y SPC, se relacionan con aguas frias y ricas en nitrogeno durante afloramientos intensos.El Capitulo 3 implementa una formulacion mecanicista de produccion de AD en un modelo acoplado tridimensional para el sur de California. El modelo reproduce bien los patrones de AD particulado (pAD) observados. Escenarios con nutrientes antropogenicos muestran un un cambio en el nutriente limitante de nitrogeno a silice y un aumento promedio del 25 % en la pAD superficial.El Capitulo 4 aplica el modelo a la region San Francisco-Bahia de Monterey, incorporando aportes de rios, descargas y la Bahia de San Francisco. Estos aumentan el nitrogeno (11.4%), la produccion primaria (6.5%) y la clorofila-a (4.5%). El enriquecimiento de nutrientes resultante favorece condiciones propicias para FAN costeras de PN, aumentando localmente la probabilidad de concentraciones de clorofila favorables para FAN entre un 10 y un 45% en comparacion con un escenario sin aportes terrestres. Las disminuciones en el oxigeno y el pH subsuperficiales son menos severas y mas localizadas.El Capitulo 5 sintetiza los hallazgos y destaca la necesidad de incluir aportes terrestres en modelos predictivos y estrategias de resiliencia costera.
- 일반주제명
- Environmental science
- 일반주제명
- Physical oceanography
- 일반주제명
- Chemical oceanography
- 일반주제명
- Limnology
- 일반주제명
- Biogeochemistry
- 키워드
- Domoic acid
- 키워드
- Eutrophication
- 키워드
- Pseudo-nitzschia
- 기타저자
- University of California, Los Angeles Atmospheric & Oceanic Sciences 002E
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-11B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a577
■1001 ▼aSandoval Belmar, Marco Sebastian.
■24510▼aExamining the Interplay Between Terrestrial Nutrient Inputs and Harmful Algal Blooms in the California Current ▼bExaminando la interaccion entre los aportes de nutrientes terrestres y las Floraciones Algales Nocivas en la Corriente de California
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity of California, Los Angeles▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a228 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-11, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Bianchi, Daniele.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 2025.
■520 ▼aEutrophication, defined as the excess of nutrients in the marine environment, can lead to negative ecological effects, most visible through the intensification of harmful algal blooms (HABs). Along California Current System in the U.S. West Coast, particular concern surrounds blooms of the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia spp. (PN), which produces the neurotoxin domoic acid (DA). These toxic events pose serious risks to marine ecosystems, human health, and coastal economies. Eutrophication also contributes to additional ecosystem stressors, including hypoxia and ocean acidification, which may co-occur with HABs and exacerbate their impacts. Therefore, understanding the relative contribution from natural and anthropogenic sources to nutrient enrichment is essential to assess ecosystem vulnerability and inform coastal management. This dissertation investigates the physical and biogeochemical drivers of PN HABs in the California coast, focusing on how terrestrial nutrient sources influence bloom dynamics, toxin production, and co-occurring environmental stressors.Chapter 1 provides the scientific context and conceptual framework for the dissertation, including a synthesis of previous research on HABs and additional biogeochemical impacts from eutrophication along California waters. It also outlines the central research questions that motivate the integrated observational and modeling approach developed in subsequent chapters.In Chapter 2, I analyze a comprehensive 20-year observational dataset to uncover the spatial and temporal patterns of PN HABs along California coast. The focus is on three major hotspots with high data density: Monterey Bay, the Santa Barbara Channel, and the San Pedro Channel. Coastwide, DA outbreaks are strongly associated with upwelling intensity, elevated chlorophyll-a, and silicic acid limitation relative to other nutrients. However, specific regional differences were found. In Monterey Bay, PN HAB frequency and intensity increase under relatively nutrient-poor conditions during anomalously low upwelling intensities. In contrast, in the Santa Barbara and San Pedro Channels, PN HABs are favored under cold, nitrogen-rich conditions during more intense upwelling. The results also help identify when DA risk is highest by establishing chlorophyll-a thresholds that can inform predictive tools and early warning systems.In Chapter 3, I implement and validate a mechanistic formulation of DA production, embedded into a three-dimensional coupled hydrodynamic-biogeochemical model for the Southern California Bight. The model successfully reproduces observed seasonal patterns, vertical distributions, and horizontal gradients of particulate DA. By simulating scenarios with and without anthropogenic terrestrial nutrient inputs, the analysis shows that nitrogen from land-based sources enhances coastal diatom production and shifts the limiting nutrient from nitrogen to silica, thereby amplifying DA production. As a result, the surface pDA concentrations along the coastal band increase by approximately 25% on average over the entire period when anthropogenic inputs are included. This work shows that a relatively simple nutrient-based formulation can effectively capture the marine DA cycle across ecosystem compartments, offering a powerful tool to diagnose HAB development and intensification mechanisms.Building upon the modeling framework in Chapter 3, Chapter 4 applies a high-resolution coupled model to the San Francisco-Monterey Bay region in Central California, explicitly incorporating terrestrial nutrient inputs from rivers, wastewater outfalls, and San Francisco Bay (SFB) exchange. Attribution simulations, where different sources of nutrients are added incrementally, show the largest effect from the SFB inputs, followed by rivers and outfalls, with each source exhibiting a distinct local footprint. These inputs increase dissolved inorganic nitrogen by 11.4%, primary production by 6.5%, and chlorophyll concentration by 4.5% along the coastal band. The resulting nutrient enhancement fosters conditions conducive to coastal PN HABs, locally increasing the likelihood of HAB-favorable chlorophyll concentrations by 10-45% compared to a scenario without terrestrial nutrient inputs. Declines in subsurface oxygen and pH are less severe and more localized, likely because of the influence of upwelling and vigorous circulation. Effective nutrient management and robust monitoring efforts are essential to track ecosystem status in the region and ensure its resilience under changing conditions.Chapter 5 synthesizes the findings, highlighting the need to account for terrestrial nutrient inputs in managing the risk of HAB and biogeochemical change. The results underscore the value of integrated models to predict HAB dynamics and inform coastal resilience strategies.
■520 ▼aeutrofizacion, entendida como el exceso de nutrientes en ambientes marinos, puede intensificar floraciones algales nocivas (FAN) y generar estresores adicionales como hipoxia y acidificacion oceanica. En la Corriente de California, las floraciones de Pseudo-nitzschia spp. (PN), productoras de acido domoico (AD), representan un riesgo para los ecosistemas marinos, la salud humana y las economias costeras. Comprender como las fuentes de nutrientes, tanto naturales como antropogenicas, influyen en estas floraciones es esencial para evaluar la vulnerabilidad del ecosistema y apoyar la gestion costera. Esta tesis investiga los impulsores fisicos y biogeoquimicos de las FAN de PN en California, con enfasis en los aportes terrestres de nutrientes y sus efectos sobre la produccion de toxinas y estresores ambientales.El Capitulo 1 presenta el contexto cientifico y las preguntas de investigacion. En el Capitulo 2, analizo 20 anos de datos observacionales para caracterizar patrones espaciales y temporales de FAN en tres zonas criticas: Bahia de Monterey (MB), Canal de Santa Barbara (SBC) y Canal de San Pedro (SPC). Los brotes de AD estan asociados a la intensidad del afloramiento, la clorofila-a y la limitacion de silice. En MB, las FAN son mas frecuentes bajo condiciones pobres en nutrientes y afloramiento debil. En SBC y SPC, se relacionan con aguas frias y ricas en nitrogeno durante afloramientos intensos.El Capitulo 3 implementa una formulacion mecanicista de produccion de AD en un modelo acoplado tridimensional para el sur de California. El modelo reproduce bien los patrones de AD particulado (pAD) observados. Escenarios con nutrientes antropogenicos muestran un un cambio en el nutriente limitante de nitrogeno a silice y un aumento promedio del 25 % en la pAD superficial.El Capitulo 4 aplica el modelo a la region San Francisco-Bahia de Monterey, incorporando aportes de rios, descargas y la Bahia de San Francisco. Estos aumentan el nitrogeno (11.4%), la produccion primaria (6.5%) y la clorofila-a (4.5%). El enriquecimiento de nutrientes resultante favorece condiciones propicias para FAN costeras de PN, aumentando localmente la probabilidad de concentraciones de clorofila favorables para FAN entre un 10 y un 45% en comparacion con un escenario sin aportes terrestres. Las disminuciones en el oxigeno y el pH subsuperficiales son menos severas y mas localizadas.El Capitulo 5 sintetiza los hallazgos y destaca la necesidad de incluir aportes terrestres en modelos predictivos y estrategias de resiliencia costera.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0031.
■650 4▼aEnvironmental science
■650 4▼aPhysical oceanography
■650 4▼aChemical oceanography
■650 4▼aLimnology
■650 4▼aBiogeochemistry
■653 ▼aBiogeochemical modeling
■653 ▼aDomoic acid
■653 ▼aEutrophication
■653 ▼aHarmful algal blooms
■653 ▼aPseudo-nitzschia
■653 ▼aTerrestrial nutrient inputs
■690 ▼a0768
■690 ▼a0415
■690 ▼a0403
■690 ▼a0425
■690 ▼a0793
■71020▼aUniversity of California, Los Angeles▼bAtmospheric & Oceanic Sciences 002E.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g86-11B.
■790 ▼a0031
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358269▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


