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New Insights Into Dust Attenuation, Dust Geometry, and Star Formation in Galaxies at Cosmic Noon
New Insights Into Dust Attenuation, Dust Geometry, and Star Formation in Galaxies at Cosmi...
New Insights Into Dust Attenuation, Dust Geometry, and Star Formation in Galaxies at Cosmic Noon

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202104835
ISBN  
9798297600287
DDC  
523
저자명  
Lorenz, Brian Curran.
서명/저자  
New Insights Into Dust Attenuation, Dust Geometry, and Star Formation in Galaxies at Cosmic Noon
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of California, Berkeley, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
111 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Kriek, Mariska;Weisz, Dan.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약The characterization of dust remains one of the most complex challenges in observational astronomy. Dust properties and distribution within distant galaxies affects many of the fundamental measurements, such as inferred galaxy mass and star formation rate (SFR). Therefore, building a robust understanding of dust attenuation and geometry is essential to understand the nature of galaxies across cosmic time.The first section of this work utilizes the deep spectroscopy of ~1500 galaxies at z=2 from the MOSDEF survey to investigate dust geometry and attenuation. In particular, these observations target the Hα and Hβ emission lines, which provide a strong constraint on nebular dust attenuation. In Chapter 2, we probe the dust geometry by stacking galaxy spectra in eight groups with similar mass, SFR, and inclination. First, we find that the dust properties do not correlate with galaxy inclination. Second, we find that stellar mass is the primary driver of dust attenuation. Third, we find that nebular attenuation increases faster than stellar attenuation with increasing galaxy mass. These three constraints limit the possible dust geometries, and suggest a model where dust is primarily located around star-forming regions. We then mathematically describe why stellar mass - not SFR or metallicity - is the property most connected to dust attenuation.With a better understanding of the dust geometry, we refine our models with a more nuanced division of galaxies. In Chapter 3, we implement a clustering algorithm to divide galaxies into groups with similar spectral energy distribution (SED) shapes. Since the SED encodes information about the properties of a galaxy, grouping by SED shape allows us to study how dust affects many different types of galaxies. Within each of the 20 groups, we form composite SEDs and stacked spectra, which builds a dataset with unprecedented ability to measure both the stellar and nebular dust attenuation at z ~ 2. We use the Prospector stellar population synthesis fitting code to model the composite SEDs, measuring stellar AV. From the stacked spectra, we have high quality Hα/Hβ line ratios, probing the nebular AV. In this work, we quantify the relationship between galaxy mass and dust attenuation, and we find a secondary relationship with SFR. Additionally, since each galaxy group represents a different evolutionary stage, we are able to gain insights into how dust changes over the lifetimes of galaxies. In the highest mass group, we see possible evidence of the destruction or removal of dust, which may be linked to quenching star formation. This sample provides further evidence for the proposed patchy dust model, and it also informs the roles of mass, SFR, and metallicity on both stellar and nebular dust attenuation.With the launch of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), we are able to study dust through new methods and with groundbreaking data quality. The UNCOVER and MegaScience surveys cover 70,000 objects with all of the JWST medium bands, and take deep spectra of nearly 700 galaxies. In Chapter 4, we assess the possibility to measure emission lines directly from photometry with a new technique that can allow for dust measurements for much larger samples of galaxies. We select a sample of 14 galaxies that have both high quality spectra and medium bands that include the Hα and Paβ emission lines. We directly compare the emission line measurements from photometry and spectroscopy, and show that they are in strong agreement. In addition to line measurements, we create spatially resolved maps of Hα emission, Paβ emission, and the stellar continuum. From the maps, we observe that Hα emission is offset from Paβ emission, especially for the most dusty galaxies, indicating dusty sub-structures. Once again, this work provides evidence for clumpy dust and star formation at cosmic noon.In Chapter 5, we implement the technique described in Chapter 4 over the full MegaScience survey. This results in Hα and Paβ emission line measurements for 66 galaxies with 1.2 z 2.4. We mass-, SFR-, and redshift-match our sample with a set of galaxies from MOSDEF. Then, we compare the median Paβ/Hα line ratios from MegaScience to the median Hα/Hβ line ratios from MOSDEF. With multiple line ratios for similar populations of galaxies, we can constrain the shape of the nebular attenuation curve. We show that the typical Cardelli curve is inconsistent with our observations, and instead require a shallower slope. Additionally, we show that the MegaScience galaxies have a tight relationship between stellar mass and dust attenuation, with no trend between galaxy inclination and dust attenuation. These results independently agree with our findings from Chapter 2, further evidence for the patchy dust model. The shallower attenuation curve adds the additional implication that star-forming regions are not covered equally - some are less dusty than others.In summary, this thesis seeks to understand the effects and distribution of dust in star-forming galaxies at z ~ 2. Across multiple data sets, we find strong evidence that dust is patchy and localized to star-forming regions rather than spread throughout the ISM. With infrared data from JWST, we suggest that the most common dust attenuation curve is inconsistent with observations. Despite these advancements, fully characterizing the attenuation and distribution of dust at cosmic noon remains a challenge. Through a combination of photometry, spectroscopy, spatially resolved imaging, and modeling, there are many promising avenues for future studies with JWST and beyond.
일반주제명  
Astrophysics
일반주제명  
Applied physics
일반주제명  
Astronomy
키워드  
Star formation rate
키워드  
Deep spectroscopy
키워드  
Stellar attenuation
기타저자  
University of California, Berkeley Astrophysics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-04B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

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■1001  ▼aLorenz,  Brian  Curran.
■24510▼aNew  Insights  Into  Dust  Attenuation,  Dust  Geometry,  and  Star  Formation  in  Galaxies  at  Cosmic  Noon
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a111  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-04,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Kriek,  Mariska;Weisz,  Dan.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Berkeley,  2025.
■520    ▼aThe  characterization  of  dust  remains  one  of  the  most  complex  challenges  in  observational  astronomy.  Dust  properties  and  distribution  within  distant  galaxies  affects  many  of  the  fundamental  measurements,  such  as  inferred  galaxy  mass  and  star  formation  rate  (SFR).  Therefore,  building  a  robust  understanding  of  dust  attenuation  and  geometry  is  essential  to  understand  the  nature  of  galaxies  across  cosmic  time.The  first  section  of  this  work  utilizes  the  deep  spectroscopy  of  ~1500  galaxies  at  z=2  from  the  MOSDEF  survey  to  investigate  dust  geometry  and  attenuation.  In  particular,  these  observations  target  the  Hα  and  Hβ  emission  lines,  which  provide  a  strong  constraint  on  nebular  dust  attenuation.  In  Chapter  2,  we  probe  the  dust  geometry  by  stacking  galaxy  spectra  in  eight  groups  with  similar  mass,  SFR,  and  inclination.  First,  we  find  that  the  dust  properties  do  not  correlate  with  galaxy  inclination.  Second,  we  find  that  stellar  mass  is  the  primary  driver  of  dust  attenuation.  Third,  we  find  that  nebular  attenuation  increases  faster  than  stellar  attenuation  with  increasing  galaxy  mass.  These  three  constraints  limit  the  possible  dust  geometries,  and  suggest  a  model  where  dust  is  primarily  located  around  star-forming  regions.  We  then  mathematically  describe  why  stellar  mass  -  not  SFR  or  metallicity  -  is  the  property  most  connected  to  dust  attenuation.With  a  better  understanding  of  the  dust  geometry,  we  refine  our  models  with  a  more  nuanced  division  of  galaxies.  In  Chapter  3,  we  implement  a  clustering  algorithm  to  divide  galaxies  into  groups  with  similar  spectral  energy  distribution  (SED)  shapes.  Since  the  SED  encodes  information  about  the  properties  of  a  galaxy,  grouping  by  SED  shape  allows  us  to  study  how  dust  affects  many  different  types  of  galaxies.  Within  each  of  the  20  groups,  we  form  composite  SEDs  and  stacked  spectra,  which  builds  a  dataset  with  unprecedented  ability  to  measure  both  the  stellar  and  nebular  dust  attenuation  at  z  ~  2.  We  use  the  Prospector  stellar  population  synthesis  fitting  code  to  model  the  composite  SEDs,  measuring  stellar  AV.  From  the  stacked  spectra,  we  have  high  quality  Hα/Hβ  line  ratios,  probing  the  nebular  AV.  In  this  work,  we  quantify  the  relationship  between  galaxy  mass  and  dust  attenuation,  and  we  find  a  secondary  relationship  with  SFR.  Additionally,  since  each  galaxy  group  represents  a  different  evolutionary  stage,  we  are  able  to  gain  insights  into  how  dust  changes  over  the  lifetimes  of  galaxies.  In  the  highest  mass  group,  we  see  possible  evidence  of  the  destruction  or  removal  of  dust,  which  may  be  linked  to  quenching  star  formation.  This  sample  provides  further  evidence  for  the  proposed  patchy  dust  model,  and  it  also  informs  the  roles  of  mass,  SFR,  and  metallicity  on  both  stellar  and  nebular  dust  attenuation.With  the  launch  of  the  James  Webb  Space  Telescope  (JWST),  we  are  able  to  study  dust  through  new  methods  and  with  groundbreaking  data  quality.  The  UNCOVER  and  MegaScience  surveys  cover  70,000  objects  with  all  of  the  JWST  medium  bands,  and  take  deep  spectra  of  nearly  700  galaxies.  In  Chapter  4,  we  assess  the  possibility  to  measure  emission  lines  directly  from  photometry  with  a  new  technique  that  can  allow  for  dust  measurements  for  much  larger  samples  of  galaxies.  We  select  a  sample  of  14  galaxies  that  have  both  high  quality  spectra  and  medium  bands  that  include  the  Hα  and  Paβ  emission  lines.  We  directly  compare  the  emission  line  measurements  from  photometry  and  spectroscopy,  and  show  that  they  are  in  strong  agreement.  In  addition  to  line  measurements,  we  create  spatially  resolved  maps  of  Hα  emission,  Paβ  emission,  and  the  stellar  continuum.  From  the  maps,  we  observe  that  Hα  emission  is  offset  from  Paβ  emission,  especially  for  the  most  dusty  galaxies,  indicating  dusty  sub-structures.  Once  again,  this  work  provides  evidence  for  clumpy  dust  and  star  formation  at  cosmic  noon.In  Chapter  5,  we  implement  the  technique  described  in  Chapter  4  over  the  full  MegaScience  survey.  This  results  in  Hα  and  Paβ  emission  line  measurements  for  66  galaxies  with  1.2  z  2.4.  We  mass-,  SFR-,  and  redshift-match  our  sample  with  a  set  of  galaxies  from  MOSDEF.  Then,  we  compare  the  median  Paβ/Hα  line  ratios  from  MegaScience  to  the  median  Hα/Hβ  line  ratios  from  MOSDEF.  With  multiple  line  ratios  for  similar  populations  of  galaxies,  we  can  constrain  the  shape  of  the  nebular  attenuation  curve.  We  show  that  the  typical  Cardelli  curve  is  inconsistent  with  our  observations,  and  instead  require  a  shallower  slope.  Additionally,  we  show  that  the  MegaScience  galaxies  have  a  tight  relationship  between  stellar  mass  and  dust  attenuation,  with  no  trend  between  galaxy  inclination  and  dust  attenuation.  These  results  independently  agree  with  our  findings  from  Chapter  2,  further  evidence  for  the  patchy  dust  model.  The  shallower  attenuation  curve  adds  the  additional  implication  that  star-forming  regions  are  not  covered  equally  -  some  are  less  dusty  than  others.In  summary,  this  thesis  seeks  to  understand  the  effects  and  distribution  of  dust  in  star-forming  galaxies  at  z  ~  2.  Across  multiple  data  sets,  we  find  strong  evidence  that  dust  is  patchy  and  localized  to  star-forming  regions  rather  than  spread  throughout  the  ISM.  With  infrared  data  from  JWST,  we  suggest  that  the  most  common  dust  attenuation  curve  is  inconsistent  with  observations.  Despite  these  advancements,  fully  characterizing  the  attenuation  and  distribution  of  dust  at  cosmic  noon  remains  a  challenge.  Through  a  combination  of  photometry,  spectroscopy,  spatially  resolved  imaging,  and  modeling,  there  are  many  promising  avenues  for  future  studies  with  JWST  and  beyond.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0028.
■650  4▼aAstrophysics
■650  4▼aApplied  physics
■650  4▼aAstronomy
■653    ▼aStar  formation  rate
■653    ▼aDeep  spectroscopy
■653    ▼aStellar  attenuation
■690    ▼a0596
■690    ▼a0215
■690    ▼a0606
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼bAstrophysics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-04B.
■790    ▼a0028
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359108▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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