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Engineering a Silicon Membrane Oxygenator for an Artificial Placenta
Engineering a Silicon Membrane Oxygenator for an Artificial Placenta
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202104836
- ISBN
- 9798293851454
- DDC
- 610
- 서명/저자
- Engineering a Silicon Membrane Oxygenator for an Artificial Placenta
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : University of California, San Francisco, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 224 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Roy, Shuvo.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, San Francisco, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a life support therapy used in patients with severe respiratory or cardiovascular failure, where gas exchange occurs outside the body via a membrane oxygenator. However, current clinical oxygenators are limited by poor hemodynamics, large blood priming volumes, and the need for continuous anticoagulation, which can lead to bleeding and clot formation. These complications, in turn, increase the risk of embolism and device failure. Microfluidic oxygenators have emerged as a promising alternative, offering improved gas exchange efficiency and hemocompatibility by incorporating biomimetic features, physiological pressures, and reduced shear stresses. Here, we describe the development of a microfluidic oxygenator composed of semipermeable silicon membranes, consisting of a semiconductor silicon backbone and a thin, gas-permeable silicone layer. First, two silicon membrane designs were evaluated, both demonstrating strong mechanical robustness, simplified fabrication, and efficient oxygen transfer. Gas transfer efficiency was similar between the window and cavern membranes at both low and high sweep gas pressures, with oxygen tension increases of 10.7 ± 2.3 mmHg and 13.6 ± 1.9 mmHg at low pressure, and 16.8 ± 5.7 mmHg and 18.9 ± 1.3 mmHg at 10 psi, for the window and cavern membranes, respectively. Using the window design, we constructed and tested two generations of silicon membrane oxygenator prototypes. The second-generation device achieved an oxygen transfer rate of 1.51 ± 0.25 vol%, demonstrated favorable blood flow properties in CFD modeling, and operated with minimal clotting under low-dose (activated clotting time = 120-180 s) anticoagulation in a 6-hour porcine model.To further improve device performance, we evaluated the effects of polyethylene glycol (PEG) coating on composite silicon membranes through surface and functional properties relevant to oxygenator membranes. PEG coatings enhanced membrane hydrophilicity and reduced protein adsorption while remaining stable over time, although they resulted in a 45% reduced gas transfer at 20 mL/min water flow and 2.5 PSI gas pressure. In parallel, we explored three bonding strategies including solvent bonding, mechanical gasket sealing, and low-density polyethylene thermal bonding to assemble hybrid polycarbonate and silicon plates without requiring high pressure or elevated temperature. Gasket sealing and solvent bonding enabled reliable assembly of polycarbonate and silicon plates up to maximum rated pressures of 239 ± 22 and 692 ± 47 mmHg, respectively. Finally, we extended ECMO principles to develop a low-cost, normothermic ex vivo kidney perfusion circuit. While this system did not incorporate a microfluidic oxygenator, it represents a clinically relevant application area for future integration. Organs such as the kidney are well-suited to microfluidic oxygenator technologies due to their relatively low blood flow rates and oxygen requirements. Using this circuit, we maintained both human and porcine kidneys for 24 hours, and a porcine kidney perfused on the platform demonstrated in vivo function following autotransplantation into an anephric animal. This body of work demonstrates practical engineering strategies to address key challenges in the ECMO field and represents significant progress toward developing a hemocompatible silicon membrane oxygenator for future applications in organ perfusion and an artificial placenta.
- 일반주제명
- Bioengineering
- 일반주제명
- Biomedical engineering
- 일반주제명
- Health sciences
- 키워드
- Fabrication
- 키워드
- Oxygenator
- 키워드
- Perfusion
- 키워드
- Silicon
- 기타저자
- University of California, San Francisco Bioengineering
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-03B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■00520260202104836
■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798293851454
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32171541
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a610
■1001 ▼aHiggins, Nicholas.▼0(orcid)0000-0003-1092-930X
■24510▼aEngineering a Silicon Membrane Oxygenator for an Artificial Placenta
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity of California, San Francisco▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a224 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Roy, Shuvo.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, San Francisco, 2025.
■520 ▼aExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a life support therapy used in patients with severe respiratory or cardiovascular failure, where gas exchange occurs outside the body via a membrane oxygenator. However, current clinical oxygenators are limited by poor hemodynamics, large blood priming volumes, and the need for continuous anticoagulation, which can lead to bleeding and clot formation. These complications, in turn, increase the risk of embolism and device failure. Microfluidic oxygenators have emerged as a promising alternative, offering improved gas exchange efficiency and hemocompatibility by incorporating biomimetic features, physiological pressures, and reduced shear stresses. Here, we describe the development of a microfluidic oxygenator composed of semipermeable silicon membranes, consisting of a semiconductor silicon backbone and a thin, gas-permeable silicone layer. First, two silicon membrane designs were evaluated, both demonstrating strong mechanical robustness, simplified fabrication, and efficient oxygen transfer. Gas transfer efficiency was similar between the window and cavern membranes at both low and high sweep gas pressures, with oxygen tension increases of 10.7 ± 2.3 mmHg and 13.6 ± 1.9 mmHg at low pressure, and 16.8 ± 5.7 mmHg and 18.9 ± 1.3 mmHg at 10 psi, for the window and cavern membranes, respectively. Using the window design, we constructed and tested two generations of silicon membrane oxygenator prototypes. The second-generation device achieved an oxygen transfer rate of 1.51 ± 0.25 vol%, demonstrated favorable blood flow properties in CFD modeling, and operated with minimal clotting under low-dose (activated clotting time = 120-180 s) anticoagulation in a 6-hour porcine model.To further improve device performance, we evaluated the effects of polyethylene glycol (PEG) coating on composite silicon membranes through surface and functional properties relevant to oxygenator membranes. PEG coatings enhanced membrane hydrophilicity and reduced protein adsorption while remaining stable over time, although they resulted in a 45% reduced gas transfer at 20 mL/min water flow and 2.5 PSI gas pressure. In parallel, we explored three bonding strategies including solvent bonding, mechanical gasket sealing, and low-density polyethylene thermal bonding to assemble hybrid polycarbonate and silicon plates without requiring high pressure or elevated temperature. Gasket sealing and solvent bonding enabled reliable assembly of polycarbonate and silicon plates up to maximum rated pressures of 239 ± 22 and 692 ± 47 mmHg, respectively. Finally, we extended ECMO principles to develop a low-cost, normothermic ex vivo kidney perfusion circuit. While this system did not incorporate a microfluidic oxygenator, it represents a clinically relevant application area for future integration. Organs such as the kidney are well-suited to microfluidic oxygenator technologies due to their relatively low blood flow rates and oxygen requirements. Using this circuit, we maintained both human and porcine kidneys for 24 hours, and a porcine kidney perfused on the platform demonstrated in vivo function following autotransplantation into an anephric animal. This body of work demonstrates practical engineering strategies to address key challenges in the ECMO field and represents significant progress toward developing a hemocompatible silicon membrane oxygenator for future applications in organ perfusion and an artificial placenta.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0034.
■650 4▼aBioengineering
■650 4▼aBiomedical engineering
■650 4▼aHealth sciences
■653 ▼aArtificial placenta
■653 ▼aFabrication
■653 ▼aOxygenator
■653 ▼aPerfusion
■653 ▼aSilicon
■690 ▼a0202
■690 ▼a0541
■690 ▼a0566
■71020▼aUniversity of California, San Francisco▼bBioengineering.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-03B.
■790 ▼a0034
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359110▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.
