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Enhanced Wastewater Reclamation with Carbonaceous Membranes
Enhanced Wastewater Reclamation with Carbonaceous Membranes
Enhanced Wastewater Reclamation with Carbonaceous Membranes

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105605
ISBN  
9798265403926
DDC  
574
저자명  
White, Haley D.
서명/저자  
Enhanced Wastewater Reclamation with Carbonaceous Membranes
발행사항  
[Sl] : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2022
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2022
형태사항  
267 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Lively, Ryan P.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Georgia Institute of Technology, 2022.
초록/해제  
요약1The removal of organic contaminants from wastewater and drinking water streams is becoming increasingly important to safeguard global water resources and public health. The separation of such organic contaminants, often referred to as emerging contaminants of concern (CoCs), is difficult because many of these constituents are small and neutral solutes. Many traditional treatment technologies rely on the size and/or charge of the contaminant for removal, and so these contaminants are considered to be recalcitrant with traditional drinking water or wastewater treatment processes. Carbonaceous membrane and adsorbent materials, however, show promise for the removal of emerging contaminants due to their chemical, mechanical, and thermal stability, their scaling ability, the potential to use inexpensive precursors, and the capability to avoid multi-step fabrication techniques.The ability for rigid and carbonaceous membranes to separate organic contaminants from aqueous waste streams can be predicted using thermodynamics, kinetics, and transition state theory fundamentals. With transition state theory, we can better understand the effects of the degrees of freedom (ability for a molecule to move in the translational, vibrational, or rotational directions based on the canonical partition function) on a molecule as it diffuses through rigid nanoporous and microporous regions in a membrane. Understanding the degrees of freedom of a molecule in a membrane allows us to see the potential effects of entropic selectivity on overall diffusivity selectivity. Using a simple model that was developed from transition state theory, the diffusivity selectivity of water compared with various potential organic contaminants is estimated. From these data, we learn that the enthalpy of sorption, activation energy of diffusion, and minimum potential energy between the guest species and host membrane material heavily contribute to diffusivity selectivity in rigid membranes. Additionally, isotherm behavior plays a key role in diffusivity selectivity at all fractional occupancies (partial pressures). We also learn that rigid membrane materials exhibit diffusivity selectivities that exceed the upper bound for aqueous separations when separating water from certain organic contaminants. The upper bound for aqueous membrane separations is currently identified with NaCl rejection using thin film composite reverse osmosis membranes that contain an active polyamide layer. These preliminary estimations encourage further experimental work with rigid adsorbent and membrane materials for organic-laden aqueous streams.Thin film composite reverse osmosis membranes that incorporate a layer of fully aromatic polyamide are highly selective toward NaCl (99% rejection) in seawater desalination. The high selectivity of fully aromatic polyamide as a flexible polymer inspired further work into development of carbon molecular sieves (CMS) derived from this precursor for enhanced removal of small and neutral solutes. CMS were fabricated by pyrolyzing polyamide latexes in temperatures of 700 °C to 900 °C in inert, oxidizing, or reducing atmospheres. These materials were characterized with many techniques to probe the structural and chemical properties, as well as estimate potential separation performance. Nitrogen physisorption reveals a bimodal pore structure in these materials with ultramicropores of 5.5 A to 6.5 A in diameter and micropores ~ 1 nm in diameter. Dynamic vapor sorption measurements completed with water and n, n- dimethylformamide allow for estimations of high diffusivity, sorption, and permeability selectivities of these CMS materials.
일반주제명  
Membranes
일반주제명  
Software packages
일반주제명  
Gases
일반주제명  
Permeability
일반주제명  
Reverse osmosis
일반주제명  
Carbon dioxide
일반주제명  
Adsorption
일반주제명  
Desalination
일반주제명  
Drinking water
일반주제명  
Chemical bonds
일반주제명  
Energy
일반주제명  
Pore size
일반주제명  
Thin films
일반주제명  
Hydraulics
일반주제명  
Organic contaminants
일반주제명  
Ethanol
일반주제명  
Scanning electron microscopy
일반주제명  
Nitrogen
일반주제명  
Analytical chemistry
일반주제명  
Condensed matter physics
일반주제명  
Materials science
일반주제명  
Water resources management
기타저자  
Georgia Institute of Technology.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-05B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■0820  ▼a574
■1001  ▼aWhite,  Haley  D.
■24510▼aEnhanced  Wastewater  Reclamation  with  Carbonaceous  Membranes
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bGeorgia  Institute  of  Technology▼c2022
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2022
■300    ▼a267  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-05,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Lively,  Ryan  P.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Georgia  Institute  of  Technology,  2022.
■520    ▼a1The  removal  of  organic  contaminants  from  wastewater  and  drinking  water  streams  is  becoming  increasingly  important  to  safeguard  global  water  resources  and  public  health.  The  separation  of  such  organic  contaminants,  often  referred  to  as  emerging  contaminants  of  concern  (CoCs),  is  difficult  because  many  of  these  constituents  are  small  and  neutral  solutes.  Many  traditional  treatment  technologies  rely  on  the  size  and/or  charge  of  the  contaminant  for  removal,  and  so  these  contaminants  are  considered  to  be  recalcitrant  with  traditional  drinking  water  or  wastewater  treatment  processes.  Carbonaceous  membrane  and  adsorbent  materials,  however,  show  promise  for  the  removal  of  emerging  contaminants  due  to  their  chemical,  mechanical,  and  thermal  stability,  their  scaling  ability,  the  potential  to  use  inexpensive  precursors,  and  the  capability  to  avoid  multi-step  fabrication  techniques.The  ability  for  rigid  and  carbonaceous  membranes  to  separate  organic  contaminants  from  aqueous  waste  streams  can  be  predicted  using  thermodynamics,  kinetics,  and  transition  state  theory  fundamentals.  With  transition  state  theory,  we  can  better  understand  the  effects  of  the  degrees  of  freedom  (ability  for  a  molecule  to  move  in  the  translational,  vibrational,  or  rotational  directions  based  on  the  canonical  partition  function)  on  a  molecule  as  it  diffuses  through  rigid  nanoporous  and  microporous  regions  in  a  membrane.  Understanding  the  degrees  of  freedom  of  a  molecule  in  a  membrane  allows  us  to  see  the  potential  effects  of  entropic  selectivity  on  overall  diffusivity  selectivity.  Using  a  simple  model  that  was  developed  from  transition  state  theory,  the  diffusivity  selectivity  of  water  compared  with  various  potential  organic  contaminants  is  estimated.  From  these  data,  we  learn  that  the  enthalpy  of  sorption,  activation  energy  of  diffusion,  and  minimum  potential  energy  between  the  guest  species  and  host  membrane  material  heavily  contribute  to  diffusivity  selectivity  in  rigid  membranes.  Additionally,  isotherm  behavior  plays  a  key  role  in  diffusivity  selectivity  at  all  fractional  occupancies  (partial  pressures).  We  also  learn  that  rigid  membrane  materials  exhibit  diffusivity  selectivities  that  exceed  the  upper  bound  for  aqueous  separations  when  separating  water  from  certain  organic  contaminants.  The  upper  bound  for  aqueous  membrane  separations  is  currently  identified  with  NaCl  rejection  using  thin  film  composite  reverse  osmosis  membranes  that  contain  an  active  polyamide  layer.  These  preliminary  estimations  encourage  further  experimental  work  with  rigid  adsorbent  and  membrane  materials  for  organic-laden  aqueous  streams.Thin  film  composite  reverse  osmosis  membranes  that  incorporate  a  layer  of  fully  aromatic  polyamide  are  highly  selective  toward  NaCl  (99%  rejection)  in  seawater  desalination.  The  high  selectivity  of  fully  aromatic  polyamide  as  a  flexible  polymer  inspired  further  work  into  development  of  carbon  molecular  sieves  (CMS)  derived  from  this  precursor  for  enhanced  removal  of  small  and  neutral  solutes.  CMS  were  fabricated  by  pyrolyzing  polyamide  latexes  in  temperatures  of  700  °C  to  900  °C  in  inert,  oxidizing,  or  reducing  atmospheres.  These  materials  were  characterized  with  many  techniques  to  probe  the  structural  and  chemical  properties,  as  well  as  estimate  potential  separation  performance.  Nitrogen  physisorption  reveals  a  bimodal  pore  structure  in  these  materials  with  ultramicropores  of  5.5  A  to  6.5  A  in  diameter  and  micropores  ~  1  nm  in  diameter.  Dynamic  vapor  sorption  measurements  completed  with  water  and  n,  n-  dimethylformamide  allow  for  estimations  of  high  diffusivity,  sorption,  and  permeability  selectivities  of  these  CMS  materials.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0078.
■650  4▼aMembranes
■650  4▼aSoftware  packages
■650  4▼aGases
■650  4▼aPermeability
■650  4▼aReverse  osmosis
■650  4▼aCarbon  dioxide
■650  4▼aAdsorption
■650  4▼aDesalination
■650  4▼aDrinking  water
■650  4▼aChemical  bonds
■650  4▼aEnergy
■650  4▼aPore  size
■650  4▼aThin  films
■650  4▼aHydraulics
■650  4▼aOrganic  contaminants
■650  4▼aEthanol
■650  4▼aScanning  electron  microscopy
■650  4▼aNitrogen
■650  4▼aAnalytical  chemistry
■650  4▼aCondensed  matter  physics
■650  4▼aMaterials  science
■650  4▼aWater  resources  management
■690    ▼a0791
■690    ▼a0486
■690    ▼a0611
■690    ▼a0794
■690    ▼a0595
■71020▼aGeorgia  Institute  of  Technology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-05B.
■790    ▼a0078
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2022
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360681▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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