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Nanoscale Strain Gauges in Flexible Polymer for Biological Cell Force Measurement
Nanoscale Strain Gauges in Flexible Polymer for Biological Cell Force Measurement
Nanoscale Strain Gauges in Flexible Polymer for Biological Cell Force Measurement

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105605
ISBN  
9798265407078
DDC  
620.1
저자명  
Brown, Devin Kirkpatrick.
서명/저자  
Nanoscale Strain Gauges in Flexible Polymer for Biological Cell Force Measurement
발행사항  
[Sl] : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2023
형태사항  
197 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Brand, Oliver.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Georgia Institute of Technology, 2023.
초록/해제  
요약The goal of this work is to develop strain gauge based sensors in flexible polymers for the purpose of high-throughput mechanical testing of single blood platelets. It is important to measure the forces applied by cells, including blood platelets, in understanding tissue function and development, as well as in the regulation of biological functions, and how alterations in mechanical properties of tissues are associated with various diseases. The current available tools for measuring cell force are time-intensive, and high-throughput force measurements of single cells are difficult to conduct. The proposed research aims to develop a device which could be scaled, using micro- and nanofabrication techniques, and can convert the force exerted by a blood platelet cell (and potentially other types of cells) to an electrical signal, with a known and precise correlation.Embedding a strain gauge in a flexible polymer is the chosen approach for this research because strain gauges are a compact simple device and polymers can be biocompatible and tuned to mimic the softness of normal human tissue. There are different potential methods of fabricating a nanoscale strain gauge embedded in a soft polymer. The four main categories of patterning nanoscale metal structures on soft polymer substrates are shadow masks, direct writing, nanotransfer printing (nTP), and sacrificial layer methods, and a fifth category involves having a suspended flexible nanoscale metal structure suspended over a rigid substrate and then embedding it in a polymer. These methods are investigated with advantages and disadvantages discussed. In the process of investigating different fabrication methods, several new techniques were developed and are discussed. These include direct patterning of poly acrylic acid by electron beam lithography, nano-scale Bosch silicon etching, and SU-8 pillar patterning optimization by electron beam lithography.This research discusses the design, simulation, fabrication, and testing of gold nanoscale strain gauges embedded in soft PDMS using a sacrificial aluminum layer method. Additionally, suspended nickel nanowires of metal are investigated as an alternative to creating strain gauges on soft polymer substrates. Instead of embedding the nanowires in a PDMS substrate, they are suspended over an oxide cavity on a silicon substrate and the polymer can be added later. In both cases, the strain gauge should be sensitive to the compressive force of a blood platelet and occupy an area similar to the platelet's area to maximize sensitivity. Furthermore, a compact device design will allow for scalability as more devices per unit area can be fabricated. This research proposes two approaches based on a strain gauge resistor with 100 nm minimum features, which is an unusual design compared to most strain gauges that are larger in size.Furthermore, considerations are given for scaling up the sensing element of a blood platelet contractile force measurement system. To measure many platelets simultaneously, a large array of many strain gauges would be required. As these strain gauges generate analog voltages an analog to digital memory storage device would be required to store the data. Furthermore, to avoid input and output pin limitations a multiplexing function would be required to address the force sensing elements. How this can be achieved on a PDMS substrate and a rigid silicon substrate is discussed with each approach having advantages and disadvantages.
일반주제명  
Strain gauges
일반주제명  
Fixtures
일반주제명  
Crystal structure
일반주제명  
Polymers
일반주제명  
Polyvinyl chloride
일반주제명  
Gold
일반주제명  
Nanowires
일반주제명  
Electrodes
일반주제명  
Glass substrates
일반주제명  
Cardiomyocytes
일반주제명  
Plasma etching
일반주제명  
Polymethyl methacrylate
일반주제명  
Aluminum
일반주제명  
Design
일반주제명  
Silicon wafers
일반주제명  
Silica
일반주제명  
Blood platelets
일반주제명  
Ion beams
일반주제명  
Nickel
일반주제명  
Contact angle
일반주제명  
Scanning electron microscopy
일반주제명  
Analytical chemistry
일반주제명  
Materials science
일반주제명  
Nanotechnology
일반주제명  
Polymer chemistry
기타저자  
Georgia Institute of Technology.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-05B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)GeorgiaTech72686
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■0820  ▼a620.1
■1001  ▼aBrown,  Devin  Kirkpatrick.
■24510▼aNanoscale  Strain  Gauges  in  Flexible  Polymer  for  Biological  Cell  Force  Measurement
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bGeorgia  Institute  of  Technology▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2023
■300    ▼a197  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-05,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Brand,  Oliver.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Georgia  Institute  of  Technology,  2023.
■520    ▼aThe  goal  of  this  work  is  to  develop  strain  gauge  based  sensors  in  flexible  polymers  for  the  purpose  of  high-throughput  mechanical  testing  of  single  blood  platelets.  It  is  important  to  measure  the  forces  applied  by  cells,  including  blood  platelets,  in  understanding  tissue  function  and  development,  as  well  as  in  the  regulation  of  biological  functions,  and  how  alterations  in  mechanical  properties  of  tissues  are  associated  with  various  diseases.  The  current  available  tools  for  measuring  cell  force  are  time-intensive,  and  high-throughput  force  measurements  of  single  cells  are  difficult  to  conduct.  The  proposed  research  aims  to  develop  a  device  which  could  be  scaled,  using  micro-  and  nanofabrication  techniques,  and  can  convert  the  force  exerted  by  a  blood  platelet  cell  (and  potentially  other  types  of  cells)  to  an  electrical  signal,  with  a  known  and  precise  correlation.Embedding  a  strain  gauge  in  a  flexible  polymer  is  the  chosen  approach  for  this  research  because  strain  gauges  are  a  compact  simple  device  and  polymers  can  be  biocompatible  and  tuned  to  mimic  the  softness  of  normal  human  tissue.  There  are  different  potential  methods  of  fabricating  a  nanoscale  strain  gauge  embedded  in  a  soft  polymer.  The  four  main  categories  of  patterning  nanoscale  metal  structures  on  soft  polymer  substrates  are  shadow  masks,  direct  writing,  nanotransfer  printing  (nTP),  and  sacrificial  layer  methods,  and  a  fifth  category  involves  having  a  suspended  flexible  nanoscale  metal  structure  suspended  over  a  rigid  substrate  and  then  embedding  it  in  a  polymer.  These  methods  are  investigated  with  advantages  and  disadvantages  discussed.  In  the  process  of  investigating  different  fabrication  methods,  several  new  techniques  were  developed  and  are  discussed.  These  include  direct  patterning  of  poly  acrylic  acid  by  electron  beam  lithography,  nano-scale  Bosch  silicon  etching,  and  SU-8  pillar  patterning  optimization  by  electron  beam  lithography.This  research  discusses  the  design,  simulation,  fabrication,  and  testing  of  gold  nanoscale  strain  gauges  embedded  in  soft  PDMS  using  a  sacrificial  aluminum  layer  method.  Additionally,  suspended  nickel  nanowires  of  metal  are  investigated  as  an  alternative  to  creating  strain  gauges  on  soft  polymer  substrates.  Instead  of  embedding  the  nanowires  in  a  PDMS  substrate,  they  are  suspended  over  an  oxide  cavity  on  a  silicon  substrate  and  the  polymer  can  be  added  later.  In  both  cases,  the  strain  gauge  should  be  sensitive  to  the  compressive  force  of  a  blood  platelet  and  occupy  an  area  similar  to  the  platelet's  area  to  maximize  sensitivity.  Furthermore,  a  compact  device  design  will  allow  for  scalability  as  more  devices  per  unit  area  can  be  fabricated.  This  research  proposes  two  approaches  based  on  a  strain  gauge  resistor  with  100  nm  minimum  features,  which  is  an  unusual  design  compared  to  most  strain  gauges  that  are  larger  in  size.Furthermore,  considerations  are  given  for  scaling  up  the  sensing  element  of  a  blood  platelet  contractile  force  measurement  system.  To  measure  many  platelets  simultaneously,  a  large  array  of  many  strain  gauges  would  be  required.  As  these  strain  gauges  generate  analog  voltages  an  analog  to  digital  memory  storage  device  would  be  required  to  store  the  data.  Furthermore,  to  avoid  input  and  output  pin  limitations  a  multiplexing  function  would  be  required  to  address  the  force  sensing  elements.  How  this  can  be  achieved  on  a  PDMS  substrate  and  a  rigid  silicon  substrate  is  discussed  with  each  approach  having  advantages  and  disadvantages.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0078.
■650  4▼aStrain  gauges
■650  4▼aFixtures
■650  4▼aCrystal  structure
■650  4▼aPolymers
■650  4▼aPolyvinyl  chloride
■650  4▼aGold
■650  4▼aNanowires
■650  4▼aElectrodes
■650  4▼aGlass  substrates
■650  4▼aCardiomyocytes
■650  4▼aPlasma  etching
■650  4▼aPolymethyl  methacrylate
■650  4▼aAluminum
■650  4▼aDesign
■650  4▼aSilicon  wafers
■650  4▼aSilica
■650  4▼aBlood  platelets
■650  4▼aIon  beams
■650  4▼aNickel
■650  4▼aContact  angle
■650  4▼aScanning  electron  microscopy
■650  4▼aAnalytical  chemistry
■650  4▼aMaterials  science
■650  4▼aNanotechnology
■650  4▼aPolymer  chemistry
■690    ▼a0389
■690    ▼a0486
■690    ▼a0794
■690    ▼a0652
■690    ▼a0495
■71020▼aGeorgia  Institute  of  Technology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-05B.
■790    ▼a0078
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360685▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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