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3-Dimensional Photovoltaic Substitute for the Lost Photoreceptors
3-Dimensional Photovoltaic Substitute for the Lost Photoreceptors
3-Dimensional Photovoltaic Substitute for the Lost Photoreceptors

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105608
ISBN  
9798265426710
DDC  
620
저자명  
Shin, Andrew Jongwon.
서명/저자  
3-Dimensional Photovoltaic Substitute for the Lost Photoreceptors
발행사항  
[Sl] : Stanford University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
128 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Melosh, Nicholas;Palanker, Daniel.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD) results in loss of central vision due to the disappearance of photoreceptors, affecting millions of people worldwide. Subretinal photovoltaic prostheses offer a promising approach to restoration of central vision by electrically stimulating the surviving inner retinal neurons. Clinical trials of the first-generation implant demonstrated feasibility of this approach, with prosthetic acuity matching the sampling limit of the 100 µm pixels array (20/420). Further improvement in visual acuity requires smaller pixels and three-dimensional (3D) electrodes to provide efficient retinal stimulation with tighter confined electric fields.Simply scaling the pixel size down with flat bipolar arrays decreases the penetration depth of the electric field into the tissue, increasing the stimulation threshold beyond the capacity of even the best charge-injection material. Additionally, an acellular debris layer found in human patients with retinal degeneration increases the separation between the stimulating electrodes of the subretinal prosthesis and the target bipolar cells within the inner nuclear layer (INL). To enable smaller pixels, moving from flat electrodes into a three-dimensional configuration helps mitigate these issues.In this thesis, I present a system-level development of the next-generation photovoltaic subretinal prostheses with pixel sizes down to 20 µm, enabling visual acuity potentially better than 20/100. One of the key innovations in this system is in integration of amorphous silicon (a-Si) shunt resistors within each pixel. This novel material enables high-resistance components to be fabricated within small pixels, providing (a) effective discharge of electrodes between light pulses for efficientcharge injection at flicker fusion frequency, and (b) pathway for a return current via dark pixels to enhance contrast of electric patterns. To improve proximity to the target neurons in human retina, we developed 3D electrodes electroplated onto the photovoltaic array. These structures should guide the electric field through the subretinal debris layer, improving stimulation strength and neural selectivity. Additionally, to mimic the subretinal debris layer in rodents, I developed 3D-printed porous scaffolds that allow unimpeded penetration of light and current but stop retinal cells from migrating through. Such scaffolds, integrated with 3D photovoltaic arrays, enable testing the devices in rodents, which normally lack the subretinal debris layer characteristic for AMD patients. These advances pave the way for translation of the high-resolution subretinal prostheses to preclinical testing and, eventually, to human use.
일반주제명  
Silicon
일반주제명  
Gold
일반주제명  
Histology
일반주제명  
Transplants & implants
일반주제명  
Electrodes
일반주제명  
Prostheses
일반주제명  
Macular degeneration
일반주제명  
Retina
일반주제명  
Polymerization
일반주제명  
Photoreceptors
일반주제명  
Visual acuity
일반주제명  
Scanning electron microscopy
일반주제명  
Annealing
일반주제명  
Polymers
일반주제명  
Electrolytes
일반주제명  
Height
일반주제명  
Electric fields
일반주제명  
Design
일반주제명  
Ion beams
일반주제명  
Atrophy
일반주제명  
Analytical chemistry
일반주제명  
Ophthalmology
일반주제명  
Polymer chemistry
일반주제명  
Surgery
일반주제명  
Electromagnetics
기타저자  
Stanford University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-05A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)Stanfordzb264gp4631
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a620
■1001  ▼aShin,  Andrew  Jongwon.
■24510▼a3-Dimensional  Photovoltaic  Substitute  for  the  Lost  Photoreceptors
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bStanford  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a128  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-05,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Melosh,  Nicholas;Palanker,  Daniel.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Stanford  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aAdvanced  age-related  macular  degeneration  (AMD)  results  in  loss  of  central  vision  due  to  the  disappearance  of  photoreceptors,  affecting  millions  of  people  worldwide.  Subretinal  photovoltaic  prostheses  offer  a  promising  approach  to  restoration  of  central  vision  by  electrically  stimulating  the  surviving  inner  retinal  neurons.  Clinical  trials  of  the  first-generation  implant  demonstrated  feasibility  of  this  approach,  with  prosthetic  acuity  matching  the  sampling  limit  of  the  100  µm  pixels  array  (20/420).  Further  improvement  in  visual  acuity  requires  smaller  pixels  and  three-dimensional  (3D)  electrodes  to  provide  efficient  retinal  stimulation  with  tighter  confined  electric  fields.Simply  scaling  the  pixel  size  down  with  flat  bipolar  arrays  decreases  the  penetration  depth  of  the  electric  field  into  the  tissue,  increasing  the  stimulation  threshold  beyond  the  capacity  of  even  the  best  charge-injection  material.  Additionally,  an  acellular  debris  layer  found  in  human  patients  with  retinal  degeneration  increases  the  separation  between  the  stimulating  electrodes  of  the  subretinal  prosthesis  and  the  target  bipolar  cells  within  the  inner  nuclear  layer  (INL).  To  enable  smaller  pixels,  moving  from  flat  electrodes  into  a  three-dimensional  configuration  helps  mitigate  these  issues.In  this  thesis,  I  present  a  system-level  development  of  the  next-generation  photovoltaic  subretinal  prostheses  with  pixel  sizes  down  to  20  µm,  enabling  visual  acuity  potentially  better  than  20/100.  One  of  the  key  innovations  in  this  system  is  in  integration  of  amorphous  silicon  (a-Si)  shunt  resistors  within  each  pixel.  This  novel  material  enables  high-resistance  components  to  be  fabricated  within  small  pixels,  providing  (a)  effective  discharge  of  electrodes  between  light  pulses  for  efficientcharge  injection  at  flicker  fusion  frequency,  and  (b)  pathway  for  a  return  current  via  dark  pixels  to  enhance  contrast  of  electric  patterns.  To  improve  proximity  to  the  target  neurons  in  human  retina,  we  developed  3D  electrodes  electroplated  onto  the  photovoltaic  array.  These  structures  should  guide  the  electric  field  through  the  subretinal  debris  layer,  improving  stimulation  strength  and  neural  selectivity.  Additionally,  to  mimic  the  subretinal  debris  layer  in  rodents,  I  developed  3D-printed  porous  scaffolds  that  allow  unimpeded  penetration  of  light  and  current  but  stop  retinal  cells  from  migrating  through.  Such  scaffolds,  integrated  with  3D  photovoltaic  arrays,  enable  testing  the  devices  in  rodents,  which  normally  lack  the  subretinal  debris  layer  characteristic  for  AMD  patients.  These  advances  pave  the  way  for  translation  of  the  high-resolution  subretinal  prostheses  to  preclinical  testing  and,  eventually,  to  human  use.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0212.
■650  4▼aSilicon
■650  4▼aGold
■650  4▼aHistology
■650  4▼aTransplants  &  implants
■650  4▼aElectrodes
■650  4▼aProstheses
■650  4▼aMacular  degeneration
■650  4▼aRetina
■650  4▼aPolymerization
■650  4▼aPhotoreceptors
■650  4▼aVisual  acuity
■650  4▼aScanning  electron  microscopy
■650  4▼aAnnealing
■650  4▼aPolymers
■650  4▼aElectrolytes
■650  4▼aHeight
■650  4▼aElectric  fields
■650  4▼aDesign
■650  4▼aIon  beams
■650  4▼aAtrophy
■650  4▼aAnalytical  chemistry
■650  4▼aOphthalmology
■650  4▼aPolymer  chemistry
■650  4▼aSurgery
■650  4▼aElectromagnetics
■690    ▼a0389
■690    ▼a0414
■690    ▼a0486
■690    ▼a0381
■690    ▼a0495
■690    ▼a0576
■690    ▼a0607
■71020▼aStanford  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-05A.
■790    ▼a0212
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360702▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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