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Tropical Cyclone Frequency in Aquaplanet Simulations
Tropical Cyclone Frequency in Aquaplanet Simulations
Tropical Cyclone Frequency in Aquaplanet Simulations

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105609
ISBN  
9798265428103
DDC  
612.68
저자명  
Burnett, Adam.
서명/저자  
Tropical Cyclone Frequency in Aquaplanet Simulations
발행사항  
[Sl] : Stanford University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
121 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Sheshadri, Aditi.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Following a brief overview of tropical cyclone (TC) frequency in Chapter 1, Chapter 2 investigates global TC frequency in a 50-km-resolution aquaplanet model forced by zonally symmetric sea surface temperature (SST). TC frequency per unit area is found to be proportional to the Coriolis parameter at the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), as defined by the latitude of maximum precipitation. As the latitude of maximum SST is shifted northward from the equator, the precipitation maximum moves northward and TC frequency increases. When the SST maximum is shifted northward past 25°N, the precipitation maximum remains between 15°N and 20°N, and TC frequency per unit area is approximately constant. When applied to observed precipitation and SST data, the same scaling captures a substantial fraction of observed TCs. Results suggest that future changes in TC activity will be modulated by changes in the large-scale circulation and, in particular, that the ITCZ location is an important determinant of the number of TCs.In Chapter 3, we investigate the same scaling relationship from Chapter 2 using further aquaplanet simulations. We find that the same scaling also holds in warmer and cooler simulations. We hypothesize that TCs in these simulations originate as precursor disturbances at the ITCZ and intensify into TCs upon reaching sufficiently warm SSTs. We test this interpretation by tracking TC precursors, with different methods based on precipitation and vorticity, and comparing TC precursor frequency with TC frequency and ITCZ latitude. Compared with precipitation-based precursors, vorticity-based precursors show a stronger correlation with the Coriolis parameter at the ITCZ. Both tracking methods show that precursors predominantly originate around the poleward edge of the ITCZ, consistent with our hypothesized TC genesis pathway. We also verify that most TC genesis events are immediately preceded by the occurrence of a precursor in the same area. However, there is only a weak correlation between the Coriolis parameter at the ITCZ and precursor frequency. These mixed results provide partial, but not complete, support for our hypothesized interpretation. They also illustrate how results can depend on the choice of precursor tracking scheme, underlining a need for improved understanding of how best to define and track TC precursors.In Chapter 4, we study the relationship between TC frequency and longwave radiative feedbacks while keeping the large-scale climatology the same. We perform "longwave override" (LWO) aquaplanet simulations, in which the heating effects of longwave radiation are not permitted to interact with the circulation. Compared to the control simulations, the LWO simulations have approximately 40% fewer TCs, while the intensity of TCs is similar. We also find a more modest reduction in the frequency and intensity of precursors. As such, longwave radiative feedbacks appear to affect TC frequency via both the frequency of precursors and their intensification into TCs. However, uncertainty in the precursor tracking methods makes the distinction between these stages difficult to firmly define. We also perform zonally perturbed simulations and find a zonally asymmetric response in TC frequency that is inconsistent with the TC frequency scaling of Chapters 2-3. In these zonally asymmetric simulations, the ITCZ is strongest to the east of where the SST maximum latitude extends furthest north. TC frequency is also highest in this area.As summarized in Chapter 5, this dissertation identifies the ITCZ latitude as a promising ingredient in a physical theory for TC frequency and suggests a need for further investigation of how best to define and track TC precursors. These results mark progress toward more complete understanding, and improved future projections, of TC frequency.
일반주제명  
Lifetime
일반주제명  
Precipitation
일반주제명  
Fluid dynamics
일반주제명  
Cyclones
일반주제명  
Earth
일반주제명  
Storms
일반주제명  
Global warming
일반주제명  
Co authorship
일반주제명  
General circulation models
일반주제명  
Climate change
일반주제명  
Atmospheric sciences
일반주제명  
Fluid mechanics
일반주제명  
Meteorology
기타저자  
Stanford University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-05B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aBurnett,  Adam.
■24510▼aTropical  Cyclone  Frequency  in  Aquaplanet  Simulations
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bStanford  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a121  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-05,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Sheshadri,  Aditi.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Stanford  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aFollowing  a  brief  overview  of  tropical  cyclone  (TC)  frequency  in  Chapter  1,  Chapter  2  investigates  global  TC  frequency  in  a  50-km-resolution  aquaplanet  model  forced  by  zonally  symmetric  sea  surface  temperature  (SST).  TC  frequency  per  unit  area  is  found  to  be  proportional  to  the  Coriolis  parameter  at  the  intertropical  convergence  zone  (ITCZ),  as  defined  by  the  latitude  of  maximum  precipitation.  As  the  latitude  of  maximum  SST  is  shifted  northward  from  the  equator,  the  precipitation  maximum  moves  northward  and  TC  frequency  increases.  When  the  SST  maximum  is  shifted  northward  past  25°N,  the  precipitation  maximum  remains  between  15°N  and  20°N,  and  TC  frequency  per  unit  area  is  approximately  constant.  When  applied  to  observed  precipitation  and  SST  data,  the  same  scaling  captures  a  substantial  fraction  of  observed  TCs.  Results  suggest  that  future  changes  in  TC  activity  will  be  modulated  by  changes  in  the  large-scale  circulation  and,  in  particular,  that  the  ITCZ  location  is  an  important  determinant  of  the  number  of  TCs.In  Chapter  3,  we  investigate  the  same  scaling  relationship  from  Chapter  2  using  further  aquaplanet  simulations.  We  find  that  the  same  scaling  also  holds  in  warmer  and  cooler  simulations.  We  hypothesize  that  TCs  in  these  simulations  originate  as  precursor  disturbances  at  the  ITCZ  and  intensify  into  TCs  upon  reaching  sufficiently  warm  SSTs.  We  test  this  interpretation  by  tracking  TC  precursors,  with  different  methods  based  on  precipitation  and  vorticity,  and  comparing  TC  precursor  frequency  with  TC  frequency  and  ITCZ  latitude.  Compared  with  precipitation-based  precursors,  vorticity-based  precursors  show  a  stronger  correlation  with  the  Coriolis  parameter  at  the  ITCZ.  Both  tracking  methods  show  that  precursors  predominantly  originate  around  the  poleward  edge  of  the  ITCZ,  consistent  with  our  hypothesized  TC  genesis  pathway.  We  also  verify  that  most  TC  genesis  events  are  immediately  preceded  by  the  occurrence  of  a  precursor  in  the  same  area.  However,  there  is  only  a  weak  correlation  between  the  Coriolis  parameter  at  the  ITCZ  and  precursor  frequency.  These  mixed  results  provide  partial,  but  not  complete,  support  for  our  hypothesized  interpretation.  They  also  illustrate  how  results  can  depend  on  the  choice  of  precursor  tracking  scheme,  underlining  a  need  for  improved  understanding  of  how  best  to  define  and  track  TC  precursors.In  Chapter  4,  we  study  the  relationship  between  TC  frequency  and  longwave  radiative  feedbacks  while  keeping  the  large-scale  climatology  the  same.  We  perform  "longwave  override"  (LWO)  aquaplanet  simulations,  in  which  the  heating  effects  of  longwave  radiation  are  not  permitted  to  interact  with  the  circulation.  Compared  to  the  control  simulations,  the  LWO  simulations  have  approximately  40%  fewer  TCs,  while  the  intensity  of  TCs  is  similar.  We  also  find  a  more  modest  reduction  in  the  frequency  and  intensity  of  precursors.  As  such,  longwave  radiative  feedbacks  appear  to  affect  TC  frequency  via  both  the  frequency  of  precursors  and  their  intensification  into  TCs.  However,  uncertainty  in  the  precursor  tracking  methods  makes  the  distinction  between  these  stages  difficult  to  firmly  define.  We  also  perform  zonally  perturbed  simulations  and  find  a  zonally  asymmetric  response  in  TC  frequency  that  is  inconsistent  with  the  TC  frequency  scaling  of  Chapters  2-3.  In  these  zonally  asymmetric  simulations,  the  ITCZ  is  strongest  to  the  east  of  where  the  SST  maximum  latitude  extends  furthest  north.  TC  frequency  is  also  highest  in  this  area.As  summarized  in  Chapter  5,  this  dissertation  identifies  the  ITCZ  latitude  as  a  promising  ingredient  in  a  physical  theory  for  TC  frequency  and  suggests  a  need  for  further  investigation  of  how  best  to  define  and  track  TC  precursors.  These  results  mark  progress  toward  more  complete  understanding,  and  improved  future  projections,  of  TC  frequency.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0212.
■650  4▼aLifetime
■650  4▼aPrecipitation
■650  4▼aFluid  dynamics
■650  4▼aCyclones
■650  4▼aEarth
■650  4▼aStorms
■650  4▼aGlobal  warming
■650  4▼aCo  authorship
■650  4▼aGeneral  circulation  models
■650  4▼aClimate  change
■650  4▼aAtmospheric  sciences
■650  4▼aFluid  mechanics
■650  4▼aMeteorology
■690    ▼a0404
■690    ▼a0725
■690    ▼a0204
■690    ▼a0557
■71020▼aStanford  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-05B.
■790    ▼a0212
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360716▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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