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Expanding Peptide Hormone Discovery Through Prediction of Post Translational "Caps"
Expanding Peptide Hormone Discovery Through Prediction of Post Translational "Caps"
Expanding Peptide Hormone Discovery Through Prediction of Post Translational "Caps"

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105613
ISBN  
9798265427120
DDC  
612
저자명  
Wiggenhorn, Amanda Lauren.
서명/저자  
Expanding Peptide Hormone Discovery Through Prediction of Post Translational Caps
발행사항  
[Sl] : Stanford University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
93 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Long, Jonathan.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Circulating peptides mediate cell to cell communication and control diverse aspects of mammalian homeostasis and physiology. Dysregulation of such molecules, or peptide hormones, drives many disease pathologies. For example, dysregulation of insulin secretion leads to impaired blood glucose homeostasis and diabetes. In the twentieth century, peptide hormone discoveries were made through laborious activity-guided fractionation of tissues, agnostic to the chemical of the peptide. Interestingly, a small collection of these peptides (TRH, GnRH, Orexin A, etc.) were found to be "capped" with post-translational modifications essential for their function on both termini -- N-terminal pyroglutamylation and C-terminal amidation. In this dissertation, I utilize sequence prediction coupled with targeted mass spectrometry methodology to find that this "capping" phenomenon is more prevalent in circulating peptides than previously considered.In Chapter 1, I introduce the history of peptide discovery which informed this work, how we understand peptides to be processed and produced, and their relevance in therapeutic development. Chapter 2 provides evidence for the endogenous presence of a sequence diverse class of blood-borne peptides that we call "capped peptides." I show that capped peptides have similar characteristics to other signaling peptides, including dynamic physiologic regulation. One capped peptide, CAP-TAC1, is a tachykinin neuropeptide-like molecule and a nanomolar agonist of mammalian tachykinin receptors. A second capped peptide, CAP-GDF15, is a 12-mer peptide cleaved from the prepropeptide region of full-length GDF15 that, like the canonical GDF15 hormone, also reduces food intake and body weight. Finally in Chapter 3, I discuss remaining questions on CAP-TAC1's and CAP-GDF15's functions and expanding my discovery approach to predict singly capped peptides -- peptides with only an amidation on the C-terminus. Largely, this dissertation reports the production of many undescribed capped peptides and suggests that many proteins might control physiology in a complex manner through additional peptide fragments beyond the annotated hormones.
일반주제명  
Physiology
일반주제명  
Running
일반주제명  
Plasma
일반주제명  
Diabetes
일반주제명  
Hormones
일반주제명  
Communication
일반주제명  
Brain research
일반주제명  
Amino acids
일반주제명  
Genomes
일반주제명  
Thyroid gland
일반주제명  
Fractions
일반주제명  
Genes
일반주제명  
Biological activity
일반주제명  
Growth factors
일반주제명  
Mass spectrometry
일반주제명  
Homeostasis
일반주제명  
Fibroblasts
일반주제명  
Pancreas
일반주제명  
Cloning
일반주제명  
Independent sample
일반주제명  
Polypeptides
일반주제명  
Analytical chemistry
일반주제명  
Cellular biology
일반주제명  
Endocrinology
일반주제명  
Kinesiology
일반주제명  
Genetics
일반주제명  
Mathematics
일반주제명  
Medicine
일반주제명  
Neurosciences
일반주제명  
Public health
기타저자  
Stanford University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-05A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■1001  ▼aWiggenhorn,  Amanda  Lauren.
■24510▼aExpanding  Peptide  Hormone  Discovery  Through  Prediction  of  Post  Translational  "Caps"
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bStanford  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a93  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-05,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Long,  Jonathan.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Stanford  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aCirculating  peptides  mediate  cell  to  cell  communication  and  control  diverse  aspects  of  mammalian  homeostasis  and  physiology.  Dysregulation  of  such  molecules,  or  peptide  hormones,  drives  many  disease  pathologies.  For  example,  dysregulation  of  insulin  secretion  leads  to  impaired  blood  glucose  homeostasis  and  diabetes.  In  the  twentieth  century,  peptide  hormone  discoveries  were  made  through  laborious  activity-guided  fractionation  of  tissues,  agnostic  to  the  chemical  of  the  peptide.  Interestingly,  a  small  collection  of  these  peptides  (TRH,  GnRH,  Orexin  A,  etc.)  were  found  to  be  "capped"  with  post-translational  modifications  essential  for  their  function  on  both  termini  --  N-terminal  pyroglutamylation  and  C-terminal  amidation.  In  this  dissertation,  I  utilize  sequence  prediction  coupled  with  targeted  mass  spectrometry  methodology  to  find  that  this  "capping"  phenomenon  is  more  prevalent  in  circulating  peptides  than  previously  considered.In  Chapter  1,  I  introduce  the  history  of  peptide  discovery  which  informed  this  work,  how  we  understand  peptides  to  be  processed  and  produced,  and  their  relevance  in  therapeutic  development.  Chapter  2  provides  evidence  for  the  endogenous  presence  of  a  sequence  diverse  class  of  blood-borne  peptides  that  we  call  "capped  peptides."  I  show  that  capped  peptides  have  similar  characteristics  to  other  signaling  peptides,  including  dynamic  physiologic  regulation.  One  capped  peptide,  CAP-TAC1,  is  a  tachykinin  neuropeptide-like  molecule  and  a  nanomolar  agonist  of  mammalian  tachykinin  receptors.  A  second  capped  peptide,  CAP-GDF15,  is  a  12-mer  peptide  cleaved  from  the  prepropeptide  region  of  full-length  GDF15  that,  like  the  canonical  GDF15  hormone,  also  reduces  food  intake  and  body  weight.  Finally  in  Chapter  3,  I  discuss  remaining  questions  on  CAP-TAC1's  and  CAP-GDF15's  functions  and  expanding  my  discovery  approach  to  predict  singly  capped  peptides  --  peptides  with  only  an  amidation  on  the  C-terminus.  Largely,  this  dissertation  reports  the  production  of  many  undescribed  capped  peptides  and  suggests  that  many  proteins  might  control  physiology  in  a  complex  manner  through  additional  peptide  fragments  beyond  the  annotated  hormones.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0212.
■650  4▼aPhysiology
■650  4▼aRunning
■650  4▼aPlasma
■650  4▼aDiabetes
■650  4▼aHormones
■650  4▼aCommunication
■650  4▼aBrain  research
■650  4▼aAmino  acids
■650  4▼aGenomes
■650  4▼aThyroid  gland
■650  4▼aFractions
■650  4▼aGenes
■650  4▼aBiological  activity
■650  4▼aGrowth  factors
■650  4▼aMass  spectrometry
■650  4▼aHomeostasis
■650  4▼aFibroblasts
■650  4▼aPancreas
■650  4▼aCloning
■650  4▼aIndependent  sample
■650  4▼aPolypeptides
■650  4▼aAnalytical  chemistry
■650  4▼aCellular  biology
■650  4▼aEndocrinology
■650  4▼aKinesiology
■650  4▼aGenetics
■650  4▼aMathematics
■650  4▼aMedicine
■650  4▼aNeurosciences
■650  4▼aPublic  health
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■71020▼aStanford  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-05A.
■790    ▼a0212
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360743▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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