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Expanding Peptide Hormone Discovery Through Prediction of Post Translational "Caps"
Expanding Peptide Hormone Discovery Through Prediction of Post Translational "Caps"
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202105613
- ISBN
- 9798265427120
- DDC
- 612
- 서명/저자
- Expanding Peptide Hormone Discovery Through Prediction of Post Translational Caps
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : Stanford University, 2024
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
- 형태사항
- 93 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: A.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Long, Jonathan.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2024.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Circulating peptides mediate cell to cell communication and control diverse aspects of mammalian homeostasis and physiology. Dysregulation of such molecules, or peptide hormones, drives many disease pathologies. For example, dysregulation of insulin secretion leads to impaired blood glucose homeostasis and diabetes. In the twentieth century, peptide hormone discoveries were made through laborious activity-guided fractionation of tissues, agnostic to the chemical of the peptide. Interestingly, a small collection of these peptides (TRH, GnRH, Orexin A, etc.) were found to be "capped" with post-translational modifications essential for their function on both termini -- N-terminal pyroglutamylation and C-terminal amidation. In this dissertation, I utilize sequence prediction coupled with targeted mass spectrometry methodology to find that this "capping" phenomenon is more prevalent in circulating peptides than previously considered.In Chapter 1, I introduce the history of peptide discovery which informed this work, how we understand peptides to be processed and produced, and their relevance in therapeutic development. Chapter 2 provides evidence for the endogenous presence of a sequence diverse class of blood-borne peptides that we call "capped peptides." I show that capped peptides have similar characteristics to other signaling peptides, including dynamic physiologic regulation. One capped peptide, CAP-TAC1, is a tachykinin neuropeptide-like molecule and a nanomolar agonist of mammalian tachykinin receptors. A second capped peptide, CAP-GDF15, is a 12-mer peptide cleaved from the prepropeptide region of full-length GDF15 that, like the canonical GDF15 hormone, also reduces food intake and body weight. Finally in Chapter 3, I discuss remaining questions on CAP-TAC1's and CAP-GDF15's functions and expanding my discovery approach to predict singly capped peptides -- peptides with only an amidation on the C-terminus. Largely, this dissertation reports the production of many undescribed capped peptides and suggests that many proteins might control physiology in a complex manner through additional peptide fragments beyond the annotated hormones.
- 일반주제명
- Physiology
- 일반주제명
- Running
- 일반주제명
- Plasma
- 일반주제명
- Diabetes
- 일반주제명
- Hormones
- 일반주제명
- Communication
- 일반주제명
- Brain research
- 일반주제명
- Amino acids
- 일반주제명
- Genomes
- 일반주제명
- Thyroid gland
- 일반주제명
- Fractions
- 일반주제명
- Genes
- 일반주제명
- Biological activity
- 일반주제명
- Growth factors
- 일반주제명
- Mass spectrometry
- 일반주제명
- Homeostasis
- 일반주제명
- Fibroblasts
- 일반주제명
- Pancreas
- 일반주제명
- Cloning
- 일반주제명
- Independent sample
- 일반주제명
- Polypeptides
- 일반주제명
- Analytical chemistry
- 일반주제명
- Cellular biology
- 일반주제명
- Endocrinology
- 일반주제명
- Kinesiology
- 일반주제명
- Genetics
- 일반주제명
- Mathematics
- 일반주제명
- Medicine
- 일반주제명
- Neurosciences
- 일반주제명
- Public health
- 기타저자
- Stanford University.
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-05A.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■020 ▼a9798265427120
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■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a612
■1001 ▼aWiggenhorn, Amanda Lauren.
■24510▼aExpanding Peptide Hormone Discovery Through Prediction of Post Translational "Caps"
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bStanford University▼c2024
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2024
■300 ▼a93 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: A.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Long, Jonathan.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2024.
■520 ▼aCirculating peptides mediate cell to cell communication and control diverse aspects of mammalian homeostasis and physiology. Dysregulation of such molecules, or peptide hormones, drives many disease pathologies. For example, dysregulation of insulin secretion leads to impaired blood glucose homeostasis and diabetes. In the twentieth century, peptide hormone discoveries were made through laborious activity-guided fractionation of tissues, agnostic to the chemical of the peptide. Interestingly, a small collection of these peptides (TRH, GnRH, Orexin A, etc.) were found to be "capped" with post-translational modifications essential for their function on both termini -- N-terminal pyroglutamylation and C-terminal amidation. In this dissertation, I utilize sequence prediction coupled with targeted mass spectrometry methodology to find that this "capping" phenomenon is more prevalent in circulating peptides than previously considered.In Chapter 1, I introduce the history of peptide discovery which informed this work, how we understand peptides to be processed and produced, and their relevance in therapeutic development. Chapter 2 provides evidence for the endogenous presence of a sequence diverse class of blood-borne peptides that we call "capped peptides." I show that capped peptides have similar characteristics to other signaling peptides, including dynamic physiologic regulation. One capped peptide, CAP-TAC1, is a tachykinin neuropeptide-like molecule and a nanomolar agonist of mammalian tachykinin receptors. A second capped peptide, CAP-GDF15, is a 12-mer peptide cleaved from the prepropeptide region of full-length GDF15 that, like the canonical GDF15 hormone, also reduces food intake and body weight. Finally in Chapter 3, I discuss remaining questions on CAP-TAC1's and CAP-GDF15's functions and expanding my discovery approach to predict singly capped peptides -- peptides with only an amidation on the C-terminus. Largely, this dissertation reports the production of many undescribed capped peptides and suggests that many proteins might control physiology in a complex manner through additional peptide fragments beyond the annotated hormones.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0212.
■650 4▼aPhysiology
■650 4▼aRunning
■650 4▼aPlasma
■650 4▼aDiabetes
■650 4▼aHormones
■650 4▼aCommunication
■650 4▼aBrain research
■650 4▼aAmino acids
■650 4▼aGenomes
■650 4▼aThyroid gland
■650 4▼aFractions
■650 4▼aGenes
■650 4▼aBiological activity
■650 4▼aGrowth factors
■650 4▼aMass spectrometry
■650 4▼aHomeostasis
■650 4▼aFibroblasts
■650 4▼aPancreas
■650 4▼aCloning
■650 4▼aIndependent sample
■650 4▼aPolypeptides
■650 4▼aAnalytical chemistry
■650 4▼aCellular biology
■650 4▼aEndocrinology
■650 4▼aKinesiology
■650 4▼aGenetics
■650 4▼aMathematics
■650 4▼aMedicine
■650 4▼aNeurosciences
■650 4▼aPublic health
■690 ▼a0459
■690 ▼a0719
■690 ▼a0486
■690 ▼a0379
■690 ▼a0409
■690 ▼a0575
■690 ▼a0369
■690 ▼a0405
■690 ▼a0564
■690 ▼a0317
■690 ▼a0573
■71020▼aStanford University.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-05A.
■790 ▼a0212
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2024
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360743▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


