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Investigating the Function of an Endogenous Retroelement at the Maternal-Fetal Interface
Investigating the Function of an Endogenous Retroelement at the Maternal-Fetal Interface
Investigating the Function of an Endogenous Retroelement at the Maternal-Fetal Interface

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105613
ISBN  
9798265428226
DDC  
791.45
저자명  
Bergman, Abby J.
서명/저자  
Investigating the Function of an Endogenous Retroelement at the Maternal-Fetal Interface
발행사항  
[Sl] : Stanford University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
116 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Baker, Julie.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약During pregnancy, the placenta is responsible for balancing fetal demand and maternal demise. This conflict has driven a variety of unusual adaptations in the placenta, including the reactivation and co-option of transposable elements (TEs). Despite abundant progress in understanding TEs as functional genetic elements, the landscape of TE expression and their function in the placenta remains underexplored. Previously, TE expression in the placenta was attributed to broad genome hypomethylation. Here, we demonstrate that TEs are not widely expressed. Rather only a few elements contribute to the placental TE transcriptome, among which are the intracisternal a-type particle (IAP) family of long terminal repeat (LTR) elements. IAPs are numerous in the mouse genome and are known have many loci that remain transposition competent. Data presented here indicates that early stem cell lineages repress IAP transposition and that this feature is dispensable for normal placental and embryo development. Importantly, several IAP loci have retained all ancestral gene domains (gag, pol, and env, which give rise to virus-like particles (VLPs) with characteristics of long observed placental VLPs. To investigate a function for full-length IAP elements (hereafter IAPenv), we generated a transgenic mouse with a tagged IAPenv under the Rosa26 locus - the first established transgenic mouse overexpressing a complete TE. Utilizing this model, we show that while decayed IAP expression is restricted to the junctional zone of the placenta, IAPenv is expressed throughout the tissue. Critically, IAPenv transcripts can be found in the adjoining maternal decidua in cases where the maternal genotype does not express the transgene, suggesting that IAPenv is synthesized in the placenta and subsequently trafficked across the maternal-fetal barrier. Further data support the hypothesis that trafficking occurs via formation of virus-like particles (VLPs) by the IAPenv protein, which could be critical mechanism for communication between maternal and fetal tissues. Further understanding of this phenomenon would establish a role for TEs and their VLPs in allogenic cellular communication and is vital for understanding placental function.
일반주제명  
Television programs
일반주제명  
Placenta
일반주제명  
Genomes
일반주제명  
Stem cells
일반주제명  
Microscopy
일반주제명  
Cellular biology
일반주제명  
Film studies
일반주제명  
Genetics
기타저자  
Stanford University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-05A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)Stanfordsh477pr1216
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a791.45
■1001  ▼aBergman,  Abby  J.
■24510▼aInvestigating  the  Function  of  an  Endogenous  Retroelement  at  the  Maternal-Fetal  Interface
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bStanford  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a116  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-05,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Baker,  Julie.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Stanford  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aDuring  pregnancy,  the  placenta  is  responsible  for  balancing  fetal  demand  and  maternal  demise.  This  conflict  has  driven  a  variety  of  unusual  adaptations  in  the  placenta,  including  the  reactivation  and  co-option  of  transposable  elements  (TEs).  Despite  abundant  progress  in  understanding  TEs  as  functional  genetic  elements,  the  landscape  of  TE  expression  and  their  function  in  the  placenta  remains  underexplored.  Previously,  TE  expression  in  the  placenta  was  attributed  to  broad  genome  hypomethylation.  Here,  we  demonstrate  that  TEs  are  not  widely  expressed.  Rather  only  a  few  elements  contribute  to  the  placental  TE  transcriptome,  among  which  are  the  intracisternal  a-type  particle  (IAP)  family  of  long  terminal  repeat  (LTR)  elements.  IAPs  are  numerous  in  the  mouse  genome  and  are  known  have  many  loci  that  remain  transposition  competent.  Data  presented  here  indicates  that  early  stem  cell  lineages  repress  IAP  transposition  and  that  this  feature  is  dispensable  for  normal  placental  and  embryo  development.  Importantly,  several  IAP  loci  have  retained  all  ancestral  gene  domains  (gag,  pol,  and  env,  which  give  rise  to  virus-like  particles  (VLPs)  with  characteristics  of  long  observed  placental  VLPs.  To  investigate  a  function  for  full-length  IAP  elements  (hereafter  IAPenv),  we  generated  a  transgenic  mouse  with  a  tagged  IAPenv  under  the  Rosa26  locus  -  the  first  established  transgenic  mouse  overexpressing  a  complete  TE.  Utilizing  this  model,  we  show  that  while  decayed  IAP  expression  is  restricted  to  the  junctional  zone  of  the  placenta,  IAPenv  is  expressed  throughout  the  tissue.  Critically,  IAPenv  transcripts  can  be  found  in  the  adjoining  maternal  decidua  in  cases  where  the  maternal  genotype  does  not  express  the  transgene,  suggesting  that  IAPenv  is  synthesized  in  the  placenta  and  subsequently  trafficked  across  the  maternal-fetal  barrier.  Further  data  support  the  hypothesis  that  trafficking  occurs  via  formation  of  virus-like  particles  (VLPs)  by  the  IAPenv  protein,  which  could  be  critical  mechanism  for  communication  between  maternal  and  fetal  tissues.  Further  understanding  of  this  phenomenon  would  establish  a  role  for  TEs  and  their  VLPs  in  allogenic  cellular  communication  and  is  vital  for  understanding  placental  function.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0212.
■650  4▼aTelevision  programs
■650  4▼aPlacenta
■650  4▼aGenomes
■650  4▼aStem  cells
■650  4▼aMicroscopy
■650  4▼aCellular  biology
■650  4▼aFilm  studies
■650  4▼aGenetics
■690    ▼a0379
■690    ▼a0900
■690    ▼a0369
■71020▼aStanford  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-05A.
■790    ▼a0212
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360745▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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