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Viral and Bacterial Pathogens in Sanctuary Chimpanzees Across Africa
Viral and Bacterial Pathogens in Sanctuary Chimpanzees Across Africa
Viral and Bacterial Pathogens in Sanctuary Chimpanzees Across Africa

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202103205
ISBN  
9798314856673
DDC  
614.4
저자명  
Dunay, Emily Margaret.
서명/저자  
Viral and Bacterial Pathogens in Sanctuary Chimpanzees Across Africa
발행사항  
[Sl] : The University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
230 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-11, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Goldberg, Tony L.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Chimpanzee sanctuaries across Africa combat the illegal bushmeat and pet trades by rescuing orphaned juveniles whose mothers have often been killed by poachers. These sanctuaries, many of which have been operating for nearly 30 years or longer, are facing the challenge of balancing the ongoing intake of newly rescued individuals with animal welfare and capacity limits. Solutions include facility expansion, relocation, or reintroduction; however, such measures must not threaten endangered wild chimpanzees, humans, or other animals. One of the main concerns is infectious disease. Chimpanzees cannot be relocated or reintroduced if doing so would spread pathogens. In my dissertation research, I examined infectious agents in sanctuary chimpanzees across Africa to identify potential pathogens and to infer whether they might pose a risk for reintroduction of these chimpanzees to the wild. In Chapter 2, I describe the unbiased characterization of the plasma virome of three sanctuary chimpanzee populations: Tacugama Chimpanzee Sanctuary in Sierra Leone, Tchimpounga Chimpanzee Rehabilitation Center in Republic of Congo, and Ngamba Island Chimpanzee Sanctuary in Uganda, using metagenomic next-generation DNA sequencing. In Chapter 3, I utilize the same methods to characterize the salivary virome of chimpanzees at Tchimpounga and Ngamba. In Chapter 4, I investigate the distribution and prevalence of the bacterium Sarcina troglodytae in sanctuary and wild chimpanzee populations across Africa and identify demographic and ecological risk factors for the presence of the bacterium. This bacterium has been associated with a lethal disease in chimpanzees at Tacugama, epizootic neurologic and gastroenteric syndrome or ENGS, which has not been observed elsewhere, but which is the leading cause of death for Tacugama chimpanzees. In Chapter 5, I develop in vitro methods for the isolation, propagation, and long-term storage of S. troglodytae and then further characterize the bacterium using biochemical and physiological methods, which will allow the official recognition of S. troglodytae as a new bacterial species. This work advances our understanding of sanctuary chimpanzee health throughout sub-Saharan Africa because prior infectious disease surveillance studies have focused on individual, known pathogens. This work also strengthens the epidemiological association between S. troglodytae and ENGS. Moreover, defining culture conditions for the isolation, propagation, and storage of the bacterium lays the groundwork for future in vivo infection studies to test hypotheses about pathogenic mechanisms of S. troglodytae and prevention/treatment measures. Ultimately, this research informs population management strategies for chimpanzee sanctuaries, which have great potential to contribute to wild chimpanzee conservation.
일반주제명  
Epidemiology
일반주제명  
Microbiology
일반주제명  
Wildlife conservation
일반주제명  
Virology
키워드  
Bacteriology
키워드  
Chimpanzee
키워드  
Metagenomics
키워드  
Sanctuary
키워드  
Sarcina troglodytae
키워드  
Africa
기타저자  
The University of Wisconsin - Madison Comparative Biomedical Science
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-11B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
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■1001  ▼aDunay,  Emily  Margaret.
■24510▼aViral  and  Bacterial  Pathogens  in  Sanctuary  Chimpanzees  Across  Africa
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bThe  University  of  Wisconsin  -  Madison▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a230  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-11,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Goldberg,  Tony  L.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--The  University  of  Wisconsin  -  Madison,  2025.
■520    ▼aChimpanzee  sanctuaries  across  Africa  combat  the  illegal  bushmeat  and  pet  trades  by  rescuing  orphaned  juveniles  whose  mothers  have  often  been  killed  by  poachers.  These  sanctuaries,  many  of  which  have  been  operating  for  nearly  30  years  or  longer,  are  facing  the  challenge  of  balancing  the  ongoing  intake  of  newly  rescued  individuals  with  animal  welfare  and  capacity  limits.  Solutions  include  facility  expansion,  relocation,  or  reintroduction;  however,  such  measures  must  not  threaten  endangered  wild  chimpanzees,  humans,  or  other  animals.  One  of  the  main  concerns  is  infectious  disease.  Chimpanzees  cannot  be  relocated  or  reintroduced  if  doing  so  would  spread  pathogens.  In  my  dissertation  research,  I  examined  infectious  agents  in  sanctuary  chimpanzees  across  Africa  to  identify  potential  pathogens  and  to  infer  whether  they  might  pose  a  risk  for  reintroduction  of  these  chimpanzees  to  the  wild.  In  Chapter  2,  I  describe  the  unbiased  characterization  of  the  plasma  virome  of  three  sanctuary  chimpanzee  populations:  Tacugama  Chimpanzee  Sanctuary  in  Sierra  Leone,  Tchimpounga  Chimpanzee  Rehabilitation  Center  in  Republic  of  Congo,  and  Ngamba  Island  Chimpanzee  Sanctuary  in  Uganda,  using  metagenomic  next-generation  DNA  sequencing.  In  Chapter  3,  I  utilize  the  same  methods  to  characterize  the  salivary  virome  of  chimpanzees  at  Tchimpounga  and  Ngamba.  In  Chapter  4,  I  investigate  the  distribution  and  prevalence  of  the  bacterium  Sarcina  troglodytae  in  sanctuary  and  wild  chimpanzee  populations  across  Africa  and  identify  demographic  and  ecological  risk  factors  for  the  presence  of  the  bacterium.  This  bacterium  has  been  associated  with  a  lethal  disease  in  chimpanzees  at  Tacugama,  epizootic  neurologic  and  gastroenteric  syndrome  or  ENGS,  which  has  not  been  observed  elsewhere,  but  which  is  the  leading  cause  of  death  for  Tacugama  chimpanzees.  In  Chapter  5,  I  develop  in  vitro  methods  for  the  isolation,  propagation,  and  long-term  storage  of  S.  troglodytae  and  then  further  characterize  the  bacterium  using  biochemical  and  physiological  methods,  which  will  allow  the  official  recognition  of  S.  troglodytae  as  a  new  bacterial  species.  This  work  advances  our  understanding  of  sanctuary  chimpanzee health  throughout  sub-Saharan  Africa  because  prior  infectious  disease  surveillance  studies  have  focused  on  individual,  known  pathogens.  This  work  also  strengthens  the  epidemiological  association  between  S.  troglodytae  and  ENGS.  Moreover,  defining  culture  conditions  for  the  isolation,  propagation,  and  storage  of  the  bacterium  lays  the  groundwork  for  future  in  vivo  infection  studies  to  test  hypotheses  about  pathogenic  mechanisms  of  S.  troglodytae  and  prevention/treatment  measures.  Ultimately,  this  research  informs  population  management  strategies  for  chimpanzee  sanctuaries,  which  have  great  potential  to  contribute  to  wild  chimpanzee  conservation.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0262.
■650  4▼aEpidemiology
■650  4▼aMicrobiology
■650  4▼aWildlife  conservation
■650  4▼aVirology
■653    ▼aBacteriology
■653    ▼aChimpanzee
■653    ▼aMetagenomics
■653    ▼aSanctuary
■653    ▼aSarcina  troglodytae
■653    ▼aAfrica
■690    ▼a0766
■690    ▼a0410
■690    ▼a0284
■690    ▼a0720
■71020▼aThe  University  of  Wisconsin  -  Madison▼bComparative  Biomedical  Science.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-11B.
■790    ▼a0262
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17357307▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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