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The Evolution of Neo-Sex Chromosomes in Australian Honeyeaters (Aves: Meliphagidae)
The Evolution of Neo-Sex Chromosomes in Australian Honeyeaters (Aves: Meliphagidae)
Detailed Information
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202103206
- ISBN
- 9798280709898
- DDC
- 574
- 서명/저자
- The Evolution of Neo-Sex Chromosomes in Australian Honeyeaters (Aves: Meliphagidae)
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : Harvard University, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 262 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-12, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Edwards, Scott;Haig, David.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Sex chromosomes display remarkable diversity across the tree of life, including extraordinary variation in their number, size, content, sex determining pathways, and rates of turnover, often even among closely related lineages. In birds, the Z and W sex chromosomes were thought to be stable and immune from evolutionary turnover events because they arose over 140 million years ago and appear to be present in all extant avian lineages. However, discoveries of neo-sex chromosomes, which constitute a type of turnover involving autosomal fusions with ancestral sex chromosomes, have begun to accumulate in various avian lineages. My dissertation focuses on describing the structure and phylogenetic distribution of neo-sex chromosomes in honeyeaters (Aves: Meliphagidae), investigating potential consequences of their formation in the context of gene expression, and finally examining their potential role in climate adaptation. In Chapter 1, I characterize the putative fusion and structure of the neo-Z chromosome with genomic data by creating a high quality long-read genome and comparing it with other avian genomes. In Chapter 2, I integrate cytogenetic data and whole genome resequencing data to validate the fusion and structure of both neo-Z and neo-W chromosomes and resolve the phylogenetic distribution of neo-sex chromosomes in this clade. I also conduct phylogenetic tests to determine the timing and extent of recombination suppression on the neo-W, which is a hallmark of sex chromosome evolution and over time results in degeneration of the W. In Chapter 3, I investigate the evidence for dosage compensation on the neo-sex chromosomes, which is a regulatory mechanism that can evolve in response to degeneration of the neo-W to restore ancestral gene expression levels. I find evidence of incomplete dosage compensation in both the ancestral and added region of the neo-sex chromosomes. In Chapter 4, I conduct genotype-environment association analyses in a honeyeater with neo-sex chromosomes distributed across an aridity gradient in New South Wales. I find the ancestral Z has more significant associations with climate than the added Z and unexpectedly discover a number of large outlier regions on autosomes, including a polymorphic inversion, that are highly associated with climate and likely facilitating local adaptation through recombination modification. Taken together, my dissertation leverages genomic, transcriptomic, and cytogenetic data to shed light on a novel avian sex chromosome system and explore effects of its formation.
- 일반주제명
- Biology
- 일반주제명
- Bioinformatics
- 일반주제명
- Genetics
- 일반주제명
- Evolution & development
- 키워드
- Evolution
- 키워드
- Recombination
- 키워드
- Sex chromosomes
- 기타저자
- Harvard University Biology Organismic and Evolutionary
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-12B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
008260126s2025 us c eng d■001000017357313
■00520260202103206
■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798280709898
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32000019
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a574
■1001 ▼aOrzechowski MacRae, Sophia Catherine.▼0(orcid)0000-0002-6746-6388
■24510▼aThe Evolution of Neo-Sex Chromosomes in Australian Honeyeaters (Aves: Meliphagidae)
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bHarvard University▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a262 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-12, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Edwards, Scott;Haig, David.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2025.
■520 ▼aSex chromosomes display remarkable diversity across the tree of life, including extraordinary variation in their number, size, content, sex determining pathways, and rates of turnover, often even among closely related lineages. In birds, the Z and W sex chromosomes were thought to be stable and immune from evolutionary turnover events because they arose over 140 million years ago and appear to be present in all extant avian lineages. However, discoveries of neo-sex chromosomes, which constitute a type of turnover involving autosomal fusions with ancestral sex chromosomes, have begun to accumulate in various avian lineages. My dissertation focuses on describing the structure and phylogenetic distribution of neo-sex chromosomes in honeyeaters (Aves: Meliphagidae), investigating potential consequences of their formation in the context of gene expression, and finally examining their potential role in climate adaptation. In Chapter 1, I characterize the putative fusion and structure of the neo-Z chromosome with genomic data by creating a high quality long-read genome and comparing it with other avian genomes. In Chapter 2, I integrate cytogenetic data and whole genome resequencing data to validate the fusion and structure of both neo-Z and neo-W chromosomes and resolve the phylogenetic distribution of neo-sex chromosomes in this clade. I also conduct phylogenetic tests to determine the timing and extent of recombination suppression on the neo-W, which is a hallmark of sex chromosome evolution and over time results in degeneration of the W. In Chapter 3, I investigate the evidence for dosage compensation on the neo-sex chromosomes, which is a regulatory mechanism that can evolve in response to degeneration of the neo-W to restore ancestral gene expression levels. I find evidence of incomplete dosage compensation in both the ancestral and added region of the neo-sex chromosomes. In Chapter 4, I conduct genotype-environment association analyses in a honeyeater with neo-sex chromosomes distributed across an aridity gradient in New South Wales. I find the ancestral Z has more significant associations with climate than the added Z and unexpectedly discover a number of large outlier regions on autosomes, including a polymorphic inversion, that are highly associated with climate and likely facilitating local adaptation through recombination modification. Taken together, my dissertation leverages genomic, transcriptomic, and cytogenetic data to shed light on a novel avian sex chromosome system and explore effects of its formation.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0084.
■650 4▼aBiology
■650 4▼aBioinformatics
■650 4▼aGenetics
■650 4▼aEvolution & development
■653 ▼aChromosomal rearrangements
■653 ▼aDosage compensation
■653 ▼aEvolution
■653 ▼aNeo-sex chromosomes
■653 ▼aRecombination
■653 ▼aSex chromosomes
■690 ▼a0306
■690 ▼a0715
■690 ▼a0369
■690 ▼a0412
■71020▼aHarvard University▼bBiology, Organismic and Evolutionary.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g86-12B.
■790 ▼a0084
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17357313▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.
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