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Who Benefits From Shared Electric Mobility? Evaluating Energy and Environmental Impacts, User Behavior, and Accessibility: A Case Study of One-Way Electric Vehicle Carsharing in Los Angeles
Who Benefits From Shared Electric Mobility? Evaluating Energy and Environmental Impacts, U...
Who Benefits From Shared Electric Mobility? Evaluating Energy and Environmental Impacts, User Behavior, and Accessibility: A Case Study of One-Way Electric Vehicle Carsharing in Los Angeles

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202103206
ISBN  
9798286427550
DDC  
385
저자명  
Yassine, Ziad.
서명/저자  
Who Benefits From Shared Electric Mobility? Evaluating Energy and Environmental Impacts, User Behavior, and Accessibility: A Case Study of One-Way Electric Vehicle Carsharing in Los Angeles
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of California, Berkeley, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
125 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Shaheen, Susan.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Access to reliable and affordable transportation shapes opportunities for employment, education, healthcare, and food. Yet for many urban residents, particularly those without access to a private vehicle, mobility remains a challenge. Public transit networks can fall short in terms of coverage, frequency, and flexibility. Carsharing has long been positioned as one strategy to address these gaps by offering short-term vehicle access without the costs and responsibilities of ownership. Since its early implementation in Zurich in 1948, carsharing has expanded globally and evolved into multiple service models, including roundtrip systems, where vehicles must be returned to their point of origin (e.g., Zipcar), and one-way systems, which allow for pickup and drop-off at different locations. Within the one-way model, some services are station-based, requiring users to pick up and return vehicles to designated stations (e.g., BlueLA), while others operate as free-floating systems that allow vehicles to be parked anywhere within a defined service area (e.g., Evie Carshare). These carsharing systems can offer flexibility and convenience, particularly in dense urban areas.However, the benefits of carsharing have not been equitably distributed. Research has shown that users tend to be younger, higher-income, and multimodal travelers, while cost, carsharing access, and digital barriers have historically limited adoption among lower-income households. In response to these disparities and energy and environmental concerns, electric vehicle (EV) carsharing has re-emerged in recent years. EV carsharing combines the flexibility of shared mobility with the climate benefits of electrification. While EVs have been included in carsharing programs since the 1990s, advances in battery technology, expanded charging infrastructure, and targeted policy incentives have accelerated their integration. EV carsharing promises to reduce urban air pollution and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, but it also introduces new challenges, including infrastructure requirements, operational constraints, and questions around long-term service viability.My dissertation focuses on one-way EV carsharing as a potential strategy for addressing both environmental and social equity goals. I investigate whether EV carsharing reduces energy consumption and associated GHG emissions, how different user groups engage with these services over time, and whether carsharing improves access to essential destinations such as grocery stores. These questions are especially relevant in underserved communities, where mobility barriers and transportation-related pollution are more pronounced.Research GapsMy research identifies the following gaps in the EV carsharing literature:1. Environmental Impact Measurement: Previous studies have extensively documented the environmental benefits of roundtrip and one-way carsharing; however, most of this work focuses on conventionally powered vehicles in higher-income, urban neighborhoods. The electrification of carsharing fleets has been recognized as a promising strategy for reducing emissions, yet studies evaluating EV carsharing's energy and environmental impacts in underserved communities remain limited. Additionally, prior assessments estimate emissions based on VMT reductions and fuel economy assumptions, rather than directly measuring electricity consumption and the emissions associated with EV charging.2. User Retention and Behavior Over Time: While previous studies have examined the sociodemographic profiles and tracked usage patterns and impacts such as VMT reduction and changes in vehicle ownership over time, there has been less focus on longer-term engagement and retention.3. Grocery Access: Although access to a private vehicle is one determinant of food access, few studies examine the relationship between carsharing and grocery store access. Research on food accessibility has typically relied on static proximity metrics, such as straight-line distances or fixed travel times, which are unlikely to capture the accessibility experienced under real-world conditions from both a spatial and temporal perspective.To address these gaps, my research is guided by the following five hypotheses:1. One-way EV carsharing reduces VMT and GHG emissions, with electrification further amplifying these effects.2. One-way EV carsharing user activity patterns, including trip frequency, duration, and travel distances, differ between general and low-income qualified members, with low-income users demonstrating higher frequency of use, longer trip durations, and greater travel distances.3. One-way EV carsharing membership type (i.e., general or reduced-cost for low-income qualified users) influences the duration of user active engagement and retention, with low-income users remaining active in the service for longer periods than general members.4. Spatial-temporal accessibility from one-way EV carsharing stations to different grocery store types varies based on store type, traffic conditions, and trip departure times.5. One-way EV carsharing users differ in their perceived grocery access and station usage patterns, with low-income users reporting greater improvements in access.Research Approach and ContributionsTo test these hypotheses, I follow a mixed-methods approach that combines quantitative analysis of trip activity data with survey data and spatial modeling techniques. I focus on BlueLA. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest).
일반주제명  
Transportation
일반주제명  
Information science
일반주제명  
Environmental engineering
키워드  
Carsharing
키워드  
Dynamic accessibility measurement
키워드  
Electric vehicles
키워드  
Environmental impact
키워드  
Social equity
키워드  
Travel behavior
기타저자  
University of California, Berkeley Civil and Environmental Engineering
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-12B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■1001  ▼aYassine,  Ziad.
■24510▼aWho  Benefits  From  Shared  Electric  Mobility?  Evaluating  Energy  and  Environmental  Impacts,  User  Behavior,  and  Accessibility:  A  Case  Study  of  One-Way  Electric  Vehicle  Carsharing  in  Los  Angeles
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a125  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-12,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Shaheen,  Susan.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Berkeley,  2025.
■520    ▼aAccess  to  reliable  and  affordable  transportation  shapes  opportunities  for  employment,  education,  healthcare,  and  food.  Yet  for  many  urban  residents,  particularly  those  without  access  to  a  private  vehicle,  mobility  remains  a  challenge.  Public  transit  networks  can  fall  short  in  terms  of  coverage,  frequency,  and  flexibility.  Carsharing  has  long  been  positioned  as  one  strategy  to  address  these  gaps  by  offering  short-term  vehicle  access  without  the  costs  and  responsibilities  of  ownership.  Since  its  early  implementation  in  Zurich  in  1948,  carsharing  has  expanded  globally  and  evolved  into  multiple  service  models,  including  roundtrip  systems,  where  vehicles  must  be  returned  to  their  point  of  origin  (e.g.,  Zipcar),  and  one-way  systems,  which  allow  for  pickup  and  drop-off  at  different  locations.  Within  the  one-way  model,  some  services  are  station-based,  requiring  users  to  pick  up  and  return  vehicles  to  designated  stations  (e.g.,  BlueLA),  while  others  operate  as  free-floating  systems  that  allow  vehicles  to  be  parked  anywhere  within  a  defined  service  area  (e.g.,  Evie  Carshare).  These  carsharing  systems  can  offer  flexibility  and  convenience,  particularly  in  dense  urban  areas.However,  the  benefits  of  carsharing  have  not  been  equitably  distributed.  Research  has  shown  that  users  tend  to  be  younger,  higher-income,  and  multimodal  travelers,  while  cost,  carsharing  access,  and  digital  barriers  have  historically  limited  adoption  among  lower-income  households.  In  response  to  these  disparities  and  energy  and  environmental  concerns,  electric  vehicle  (EV)  carsharing  has  re-emerged  in  recent  years.  EV  carsharing  combines  the  flexibility  of  shared  mobility  with  the  climate  benefits  of  electrification.  While  EVs  have  been  included  in  carsharing  programs  since  the  1990s,  advances  in  battery  technology,  expanded  charging  infrastructure,  and  targeted  policy  incentives  have  accelerated  their  integration.  EV  carsharing  promises  to  reduce  urban  air  pollution  and  greenhouse  gas  (GHG)  emissions,  but  it  also  introduces  new  challenges,  including  infrastructure  requirements,  operational  constraints,  and  questions  around  long-term  service  viability.My  dissertation  focuses  on  one-way  EV  carsharing  as  a  potential  strategy  for  addressing  both  environmental  and  social  equity  goals.  I  investigate  whether  EV  carsharing  reduces  energy  consumption  and  associated  GHG  emissions,  how  different  user  groups  engage  with  these  services  over  time,  and  whether  carsharing  improves  access  to  essential  destinations  such  as  grocery  stores.  These  questions  are  especially  relevant  in  underserved  communities,  where  mobility  barriers  and  transportation-related  pollution  are  more  pronounced.Research  GapsMy  research  identifies  the  following  gaps  in  the  EV  carsharing  literature:1.  Environmental  Impact  Measurement:  Previous  studies  have  extensively  documented  the  environmental  benefits  of  roundtrip  and  one-way  carsharing;  however,  most  of  this  work  focuses  on  conventionally  powered  vehicles  in  higher-income,  urban  neighborhoods.  The  electrification  of  carsharing  fleets  has  been  recognized  as  a  promising  strategy  for  reducing  emissions,  yet  studies  evaluating  EV  carsharing's  energy  and  environmental  impacts  in  underserved  communities  remain  limited.  Additionally,  prior  assessments  estimate  emissions  based  on  VMT  reductions  and  fuel  economy  assumptions,  rather  than  directly  measuring  electricity  consumption  and  the  emissions  associated  with  EV  charging.2.  User  Retention  and  Behavior  Over  Time:  While  previous  studies  have  examined  the  sociodemographic  profiles  and  tracked  usage  patterns  and  impacts  such  as  VMT  reduction  and  changes  in  vehicle  ownership  over  time,  there  has  been  less  focus  on  longer-term  engagement  and  retention.3.  Grocery  Access:  Although  access  to  a  private  vehicle  is  one  determinant  of  food  access,  few  studies  examine  the  relationship  between  carsharing  and  grocery  store  access.  Research  on  food  accessibility  has  typically  relied  on  static  proximity  metrics,  such  as  straight-line  distances  or  fixed  travel  times,  which  are  unlikely  to  capture  the  accessibility  experienced  under  real-world  conditions  from  both  a  spatial  and  temporal  perspective.To  address  these  gaps,  my  research  is  guided  by  the  following  five  hypotheses:1.  One-way  EV  carsharing  reduces  VMT  and  GHG  emissions,  with  electrification  further  amplifying  these  effects.2.  One-way  EV  carsharing  user  activity  patterns,  including  trip  frequency,  duration,  and  travel  distances,  differ  between  general  and  low-income  qualified  members,  with  low-income  users  demonstrating  higher  frequency  of  use,  longer  trip  durations,  and  greater  travel  distances.3.  One-way  EV  carsharing  membership  type  (i.e.,  general  or  reduced-cost  for  low-income  qualified  users)  influences  the  duration  of  user  active  engagement  and  retention,  with  low-income  users  remaining  active  in  the  service  for  longer  periods  than  general  members.4.  Spatial-temporal  accessibility  from  one-way  EV  carsharing  stations  to  different  grocery  store  types  varies  based  on  store  type,  traffic  conditions,  and  trip  departure  times.5.  One-way  EV  carsharing  users  differ  in  their  perceived  grocery  access  and  station  usage  patterns,  with  low-income  users  reporting  greater  improvements  in  access.Research  Approach  and  ContributionsTo  test  these  hypotheses,  I  follow  a  mixed-methods  approach  that  combines  quantitative  analysis  of  trip  activity  data  with  survey  data  and  spatial  modeling  techniques.  I  focus  on  BlueLA.  (Abstract  shortened  by  ProQuest).
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0028.
■650  4▼aTransportation
■650  4▼aInformation  science
■650  4▼aEnvironmental  engineering
■653    ▼aCarsharing
■653    ▼aDynamic  accessibility  measurement
■653    ▼aElectric  vehicles
■653    ▼aEnvironmental  impact
■653    ▼aSocial  equity
■653    ▼aTravel  behavior
■690    ▼a0709
■690    ▼a0543
■690    ▼a0723
■690    ▼a0775
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼bCivil  and  Environmental  Engineering.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-12B.
■790    ▼a0028
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17357314▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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