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Designing Sustainable Polymer Networks: Reprocessable Polyurethane-Like Materials and Extrudable Covalent Adaptable Networks
Designing Sustainable Polymer Networks: Reprocessable Polyurethane-Like Materials and Extr...
Designing Sustainable Polymer Networks: Reprocessable Polyurethane-Like Materials and Extrudable Covalent Adaptable Networks

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202103524
ISBN  
9798315798408
DDC  
547
저자명  
Purwanto, Nathan Suryajaya.
서명/저자  
Designing Sustainable Polymer Networks: Reprocessable Polyurethane-Like Materials and Extrudable Covalent Adaptable Networks
발행사항  
[Sl] : Northwestern University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
517 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-12, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Torkelson, John M.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Northwestern University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Efforts to tackle the recyclability challenges of cross-linked polymers in the last two decades shape the development of covalent adaptable networks (CANs), although continuous reprocessing (e.g., melt-extrusion) of CANs are very rarely demonstrated. A significant portion of commercial network polymers consists of polyurethanes (PUs), with a substantial majority of PUs employed as foams. Sustainability concerns in PUs, namely the use of toxic isocyanates and the lack of recyclability, motivate the development of non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs). This dissertation aims to address challenges associated with the development of NIPU foam CANs and efforts to achieve recycling of CANs through melt-extrusion.The first part of this dissertation centers on the development of renewable, reprocessable, and recyclable polyhydroxyurethane (PHU) and non-isocyanate polythiourethane (NIPTU) foams. We established a rheological strategy to achieve the swift and rapid synthesis of cross-linked, self-blowing PHU foams. Subsequently, we applied this methodology to produce biobased cross-linked PHU foams with precursors derived from cashew nutshell liquid waste and tall oil waste. We further examined the impact of varying blowing agent concentrations, structure, and functionality on the morphology, mechanical properties, and reprocessability of the foams. We also established the facile synthesis of a new class of cross-linked NIPU foam, i.e., NIPTU foams. Leveraging the rapid and catalyst-free disulfide dynamic chemistry inherent in NIPTU linkages, our NIPTU foams are endowed with excellent melt-extrudability to the bulk state. For the first time for any NIPUs, we also demonstrated foam-to-foam recycling of NIPTU foams.The second part of this dissertation aims to reveal the fundamentals of designing CANs amenable to melt-extrusion. We showed that increasing the cross-link density in a dual dissociative and associative polythiourethane (PTU) CAN hastens the reprocessing, due to a shift in the dominance of associative dynamic chemistry relative to the dissociative character, to the point of extrudability. In another example, we synthesized CANs incorporating a dialkylamino disulfide dynamic cross-linker (BiTEMPS methacrylate or BTMA), capable of dissociative dynamic chemistry, demonstrating that the CAN is melt-extrudable at high temperatures where the dialkylamino disulfide dynamic chemistry is sufficiently rapid. Additionally, we designed internally catalyzed associative siloxane-exchange based CANs by incorporating amide groups as secondary linkages. With increasing siloxane and amide concentrations in our CANs, the siloxane exchange becomes progressively faster. This led to the CAN with the highest cross-link density undergoing facile melt extrusion with full retention of cross-link density.The third part of this dissertation summarizes minor contributions to other published works with a central aim to advance the applications and understanding of CANs. We incorporated a non-piperidine-based dialkylamino disulfide dynamic cross-linker and systematically compared their dynamic properties compared to BTMA. We also incorporated two versions of BTMA: one containing oligosulfides (BTMA-Sn) and one containing purely disulfide (BTMA-S2), into polyethylene (PE) CANs and demonstrated excellent reprocessability and melt-extrudability. We developed a method to depolymerize and recover valuable monomer-like compounds from NIPTU networks via trans(thio)carbamoylation, achieving up to 94 mol% monomer recovery. Additionally, we presented the first chain-growth CAN with thionourethane linkages synthesized from commodity comonomers, showing excellent creep resistance and reprocessability. Lastly, we presented the unusual glass transition (Tg) breadth, facile autonomous self-healing, and elimination of the Tg-confinement effect in styrene/2-propylheptylacrylate random copolymers.
일반주제명  
Polymer chemistry
일반주제명  
Materials science
일반주제명  
Engineering
일반주제명  
Sustainability
키워드  
Covalent adaptable network
키워드  
Extrusion
키워드  
Non-isocyanate polyurethane
키워드  
Polyurethane foam
키워드  
Polyhydroxyurethane
기타저자  
Northwestern University Materials Science and Engineering
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-12A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aPurwanto,  Nathan  Suryajaya.▼0(orcid)0000-0002-8406-6458
■24510▼aDesigning  Sustainable  Polymer  Networks:  Reprocessable  Polyurethane-Like  Materials  and  Extrudable  Covalent  Adaptable  Networks
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bNorthwestern  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a517  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-12,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Torkelson,  John  M.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Northwestern  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aEfforts  to  tackle  the  recyclability  challenges  of  cross-linked  polymers  in  the  last  two  decades  shape  the  development  of  covalent  adaptable  networks  (CANs),  although  continuous  reprocessing  (e.g.,  melt-extrusion)  of  CANs  are  very  rarely  demonstrated.  A  significant  portion  of  commercial  network  polymers  consists  of  polyurethanes  (PUs),  with  a  substantial  majority  of  PUs  employed  as  foams.  Sustainability  concerns  in  PUs,  namely  the  use  of  toxic  isocyanates  and  the  lack  of  recyclability,  motivate  the  development  of  non-isocyanate  polyurethanes  (NIPUs).  This  dissertation  aims  to  address  challenges  associated  with  the  development  of  NIPU  foam  CANs  and  efforts  to  achieve  recycling  of  CANs  through  melt-extrusion.The  first  part  of  this  dissertation  centers  on  the  development  of  renewable,  reprocessable,  and  recyclable  polyhydroxyurethane  (PHU)  and  non-isocyanate  polythiourethane  (NIPTU)  foams.  We  established  a  rheological  strategy  to  achieve  the  swift  and  rapid  synthesis  of  cross-linked,  self-blowing  PHU  foams.  Subsequently,  we  applied  this  methodology  to  produce  biobased  cross-linked  PHU  foams  with  precursors  derived  from  cashew  nutshell  liquid  waste  and  tall  oil  waste.  We  further  examined  the  impact  of  varying  blowing  agent  concentrations,  structure,  and  functionality  on  the  morphology,  mechanical  properties,  and  reprocessability  of  the  foams.  We  also  established  the  facile  synthesis  of  a  new  class  of  cross-linked  NIPU  foam,  i.e.,  NIPTU  foams.  Leveraging  the  rapid  and  catalyst-free  disulfide  dynamic  chemistry  inherent  in  NIPTU  linkages,  our  NIPTU  foams  are  endowed  with  excellent  melt-extrudability  to  the  bulk  state.  For  the  first  time  for  any  NIPUs,  we  also  demonstrated  foam-to-foam  recycling  of  NIPTU  foams.The  second  part  of  this  dissertation  aims  to  reveal  the  fundamentals  of  designing  CANs  amenable  to  melt-extrusion.  We  showed  that  increasing  the  cross-link  density  in  a  dual  dissociative  and  associative  polythiourethane  (PTU)  CAN  hastens  the  reprocessing,  due  to  a  shift  in  the  dominance  of  associative  dynamic  chemistry  relative  to  the  dissociative  character,  to  the  point  of  extrudability.  In  another  example,  we  synthesized  CANs  incorporating  a  dialkylamino  disulfide  dynamic  cross-linker  (BiTEMPS  methacrylate  or  BTMA),  capable  of  dissociative  dynamic  chemistry,  demonstrating  that  the  CAN  is  melt-extrudable  at  high  temperatures  where  the  dialkylamino  disulfide  dynamic  chemistry  is  sufficiently  rapid.  Additionally,  we  designed  internally  catalyzed  associative  siloxane-exchange  based  CANs  by  incorporating  amide  groups  as  secondary  linkages.  With  increasing  siloxane  and  amide  concentrations  in  our  CANs,  the  siloxane  exchange  becomes  progressively  faster.  This  led  to  the  CAN  with  the  highest  cross-link  density  undergoing  facile  melt  extrusion  with  full  retention  of  cross-link  density.The  third  part  of  this  dissertation  summarizes  minor  contributions  to  other  published  works  with  a  central  aim  to  advance  the  applications  and  understanding  of  CANs.  We  incorporated  a  non-piperidine-based  dialkylamino  disulfide  dynamic  cross-linker  and  systematically  compared  their  dynamic  properties  compared  to  BTMA.  We  also  incorporated  two  versions  of  BTMA:  one  containing  oligosulfides  (BTMA-Sn)  and  one  containing  purely  disulfide  (BTMA-S2),  into  polyethylene  (PE)  CANs  and  demonstrated  excellent  reprocessability  and  melt-extrudability.  We  developed  a  method  to  depolymerize  and  recover  valuable  monomer-like  compounds  from  NIPTU  networks  via  trans(thio)carbamoylation,  achieving  up  to  94  mol%  monomer  recovery.  Additionally,  we  presented  the  first  chain-growth  CAN  with  thionourethane  linkages  synthesized  from  commodity  comonomers,  showing  excellent  creep  resistance  and  reprocessability.  Lastly,  we  presented  the  unusual  glass  transition  (Tg)  breadth,  facile  autonomous  self-healing,  and  elimination  of  the  Tg-confinement  effect  in  styrene/2-propylheptylacrylate  random  copolymers.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0163.
■650  4▼aPolymer  chemistry
■650  4▼aMaterials  science
■650  4▼aEngineering
■650  4▼aSustainability
■653    ▼aCovalent  adaptable  network
■653    ▼aExtrusion
■653    ▼aNon-isocyanate  polyurethane
■653    ▼aPolyurethane  foam
■653    ▼aPolyhydroxyurethane
■690    ▼a0495
■690    ▼a0794
■690    ▼a0640
■690    ▼a0537
■71020▼aNorthwestern  University▼bMaterials  Science  and  Engineering.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-12A.
■790    ▼a0163
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17357526▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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