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Membrane Selectivity and Fouling: Insights from Advanced Characterization Techniques
Membrane Selectivity and Fouling: Insights from Advanced Characterization Techniques  / Mo...
Membrane Selectivity and Fouling: Insights from Advanced Characterization Techniques

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260311091526.5
ISBN  
9798270230982
DDC  
660.284
저자명  
Nassr, Mostafa
서명/저자  
Membrane Selectivity and Fouling: Insights from Advanced Characterization Techniques / Mostafa Nassr
발행사항  
[Sl] : The University of Texas at Austin, 2025
형태사항  
1 electronic resource (189 pages)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-06, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisors: Lynd, Nathaniel A.; Freeman, Benny D. Committee members: Kumar, Manish; Katz, Lynn E.; Sanoja, Gaberial E.; Rosales, Adrianne M.
학위논문주기  
- Ph.D. : The University of Texas at Austin, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Membrane-based separations have emerged as efficient and low-cost methods for the treatment of complex wastewater streams. The efficient and effective use of membranes relies on their selectivity and resistance to fouling. The selectivity of porous membranes is typically characterized using solute rejection tests, where membranes are challenged with dilute aqueous solutions of neutral solutes. Since single solute methods are time-intensive, mixed solute tests have become more common. In this work, mixed solute filtration experiments showcased the presence of co-solute interactions, which increase with size and weight percent of large solutes in the mixture. Mixed solute filtration experiments at varying operating conditions were conducted to determine operating conditions that alleviate co-solute interactions. Low flux conditions can effectively minimize co-solute interactions, leading to pore size distributions that closely resemble results observed in ideal single solute filtrations. Laboratory fouling experiments are typically run such that the transmembrane pressure (TMP) is fixed, and the permeate flux decreases over time as fouling progresses. However, this change in flux means that the hydrodynamic conditions at the membrane surface are continuously changing, which affects fouling. Industrial filtrations may start at a constant TMP, but feed pressure may be periodically adjusted to maintain permeate production. In this work, the evolution of the fouling layer resistance due to scaling was investigated in both constant TMP and constant flux reverse osmosis (RO) crossflow filtration. It was determined that scaling in both operational modes is mechanistically different, where scaling in self-reinforcing and self-limiting under constant flux and constant TMP conditions, respectively. Membrane researchers use macroscopic performance metrics as an indicator of fouling (i.e. flux decline). However, this approach does not capture the membrane and fouling layer in their operational states, therefore potentially overlooking the true mechanisms of fouling. In this work, a remotely controlled crossflow membrane system and a custom membrane cell were designed and constructed for operando fouling characterization using synchrotron-based transmission small/wide X-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS) measurements. The system's capability was demonstrated by examining nanoparticle fouling in ultrafiltration using SAXS and mineral scaling in RO using WAXS.
언어주기  
English
일반주제명  
Analytical chemistry
일반주제명  
Physical chemistry
일반주제명  
Polymer chemistry
키워드  
Membrane-based separations
키워드  
Transmembrane pressure
키워드  
Reverse osmosis
키워드  
Solute rejection
키워드  
Porous membranes
기타저자  
The University of Texas at Austin Chemical Engineering
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-06B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aNassr,  Mostafa▼eauthor.
■24510▼aMembrane  Selectivity  and  Fouling:  Insights  from  Advanced  Characterization  Techniques  ▼cMostafa  Nassr
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bThe  University  of  Texas  at  Austin▼c2025
■264  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a1  electronic  resource  (189  pages)
■336    ▼atext▼btxt▼2rdacontent
■337    ▼acomputer▼bc▼2rdamedia
■338    ▼aonline  resource▼bcr▼2rdacarrier
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-06,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisors:  Lynd,  Nathaniel  A.;  Freeman,  Benny  D.    Committee  members:  Kumar,  Manish;  Katz,  Lynn  E.;  Sanoja,  Gaberial  E.;  Rosales,  Adrianne  M.
■5021  ▼bPh.D.▼cThe  University  of  Texas  at  Austin▼d2025.
■520    ▼aMembrane-based  separations  have  emerged  as  efficient  and  low-cost  methods  for  the  treatment  of  complex  wastewater  streams.  The  efficient  and  effective  use  of  membranes  relies  on  their  selectivity  and  resistance  to  fouling.  The  selectivity  of  porous  membranes  is  typically  characterized  using  solute  rejection  tests,  where  membranes  are  challenged  with  dilute  aqueous  solutions  of  neutral  solutes.  Since  single  solute  methods  are  time-intensive,  mixed  solute  tests  have  become  more  common.  In  this  work,  mixed  solute  filtration  experiments  showcased  the  presence  of  co-solute  interactions,  which  increase  with  size  and  weight  percent  of  large  solutes  in  the  mixture.  Mixed  solute  filtration  experiments  at  varying  operating  conditions  were  conducted  to  determine  operating  conditions  that  alleviate  co-solute  interactions.  Low  flux  conditions  can  effectively  minimize  co-solute  interactions,  leading  to  pore  size  distributions  that  closely  resemble  results  observed  in  ideal  single  solute  filtrations. Laboratory  fouling  experiments  are  typically  run  such  that  the  transmembrane  pressure  (TMP)  is  fixed,  and  the  permeate  flux  decreases  over  time  as  fouling  progresses.  However,  this  change  in  flux  means  that  the  hydrodynamic  conditions  at  the  membrane  surface  are  continuously  changing,  which  affects  fouling.  Industrial  filtrations  may  start  at  a  constant  TMP,  but  feed  pressure  may  be  periodically  adjusted  to  maintain  permeate  production.  In  this  work,  the  evolution  of  the  fouling  layer  resistance  due  to  scaling  was  investigated  in  both  constant  TMP  and  constant  flux  reverse  osmosis  (RO)  crossflow  filtration.  It  was  determined  that  scaling  in  both  operational  modes  is  mechanistically  different,  where  scaling  in  self-reinforcing  and  self-limiting  under  constant  flux  and  constant  TMP  conditions,  respectively. Membrane  researchers  use  macroscopic  performance  metrics  as  an  indicator  of  fouling  (i.e.  flux  decline).  However,  this  approach  does  not  capture  the  membrane  and  fouling  layer  in  their  operational  states,  therefore  potentially  overlooking  the  true  mechanisms  of  fouling.  In  this  work,  a  remotely  controlled  crossflow  membrane  system  and  a  custom  membrane  cell  were  designed  and  constructed  for  operando  fouling  characterization  using  synchrotron-based  transmission  small/wide  X-ray  scattering  (SAXS/WAXS)  measurements.  The  system's  capability  was  demonstrated  by  examining  nanoparticle  fouling  in  ultrafiltration  using  SAXS  and  mineral  scaling  in  RO  using  WAXS.
■546    ▼aEnglish
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0227
■650  4▼aAnalytical  chemistry
■650  4▼aPhysical  chemistry
■650  4▼aPolymer  chemistry
■653    ▼aMembrane-based  separations  
■653    ▼aTransmembrane  pressure
■653    ▼aReverse  osmosis  
■653    ▼aSolute  rejection
■653    ▼aPorous  membranes
■7102  ▼aThe  University  of  Texas  at  Austin▼bChemical  Engineering.▼edegree  granting  institution.
■7201  ▼aLynd,  Nathaniel  A.▼edegree  supervisor.
■7201  ▼aFreeman,  Benny  D.▼edegree  supervisor.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-06B.
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17361171▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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