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Optimizing Parameter Inference and Foreground Removal Techniques for Cosmic Microwave Background Data Analysis
Optimizing Parameter Inference and Foreground Removal Techniques for Cosmic Microwave Back...
Optimizing Parameter Inference and Foreground Removal Techniques for Cosmic Microwave Background Data Analysis

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202104642
ISBN  
9798286499793
DDC  
530
저자명  
Surrao, Kristen Marie.
서명/저자  
Optimizing Parameter Inference and Foreground Removal Techniques for Cosmic Microwave Background Data Analysis
발행사항  
[Sl] : Columbia University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
524 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Hill, James C.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Columbia University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약The cosmic microwave background (CMB) is the earliest observable light in the Universe, providing insight into the early Universe, how it evolved, and how it continues to evolve. As CMB photons travel to us today, they interact with matter in galaxies, leading to secondary anisotropies. These secondary anisotropies and other microwave foregrounds provide useful astrophysical information. This work covers a variety of topics in CMB data analysis, with introductory information in Chapter 1.Maps of the microwave sky are often compressed into angular power spectra. Chapter 2 explores the problem of computing angular power spectra from maps that are masked. In particular, it focuses on cases where the masks applied may be correlated with the maps themselves, such as point source masks that are often used. The work develops a new formalism for computing these spectra, correcting a result that has been widely used in CMB data analyses for the past two decades. Applying the result to simulations confirms that the new formalism recovers expected angular power spectra to machine precision, whereas the original approach could yield biases of up to 10% in the measured power spectra.Once computed, angular power spectra are used in cosmological parameter inference pipelines. Usually, the power spectra are measured across various frequency channels, and templates must be fit to extract both the CMB and astrophysical foregrounds. However, these multifrequency power spectra only take into account Gaussian information in the fields. While the primary CMB is a Gaussian random field, astrophysical foregrounds can be highly non-Gaussian. Thus, information is lost in the power spectrum compression. Chapters 3 and 4 explore how to use the power spectra of needlet internal linear combination (NILC) component-separated maps to do parameter inference in a way that accounts for non-Gaussian information. Chapter 3 builds on the formalism from Chapter 2 to develop analytic expressions for these spectra and validates them on simulations. Chapter 4 investigates using simulation-based likelihood-free inference on NILC power spectra, showing that it can reduce parameter posterior areas by 60% when large non-Gaussian foregrounds are present. This result has implications for primordial \uD835\uDC35-mode detection, where the large non-Gaussian dust foreground is significantly larger than current constraints on the tensor-to-scalar ratio r.Chapters 5, 6, and 7 focus on microwave foregrounds and foreground removal strategies. Chapter 5 presents the foreground model of the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) Collaboration Data Release 6 (DR6). The work validates the foreground model by assessing its consistency with existing data, investigating foreground model variations and extensions, and validating the full analysis pipeline on realistic non-Gaussian simulations, with correlations among the different foregrounds. Chapter 6 presents new foreground cleaning methods, specifically by using large-scale structure tracers to clean the cosmic infrared background (CIB) and thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (tSZ) effect for enhancing measurements of the CMB blackbody temperature power spectrum, forecasting signal-to-noise improvements of up to 50% using future galaxy surveys. Chapter 7 presents an algorithm for CIB cleaning for the purpose of tSZ cross-correlations, achieving a factor of 1.6 improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio on simulations, as compared with standard approaches.Chapters 8 and 9 present constraints on beyond ΛCDM cosmological models. Chapter 8 uses neural network emulators emulators of Boltzmann codes to constrain the early dark energy (EDE) model using Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) data from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). The emulators achieve 100x speedups in parameter inference pipelines. The work finds that there is no preference for the EDE model with DESI Year 1 (Y1) data, with the maximum fractional contribution of EDE to the cosmic energy budget being \uD835\uDC53EDE 0.091 (95% CL) using Planck CMB, CMB lensing, and DESI BAO. Finally, Chapter 9 is adapted from a larger work by the ACT Collaboration, using the DR6 data to constrain several extended cosmological models. The work found no preference for any beyond ΛCDM model. Chapter 9 specifically focuses on ACT DR6 constraints on two models: EDE and a modified gravity model. Using the DR6 data along with additional datasets including DESI BAO and CMB lensing data, the work places tight constraints on both models, and finds no statistically significant preference for them over ΛCDM. For the EDE model, \uD835\uDC53EDE 0.12 (95% CL), and the Hubble constant is \uD835\uDC3B0 = 69.9 +0.8 −1.5 km/s/Mpc (68% CL). For the modified gravity model, the growth index is \uD835\uDEFE = 0.663 ± 0.052 (68% CL), and the amplitude of density fluctuations is \uD835\uDC468 = 0.799 ± 0.012 (68% CL).
일반주제명  
Physics
일반주제명  
Astrophysics
일반주제명  
Remote sensing
일반주제명  
Applied physics
키워드  
Cosmic microwave background
키워드  
Foreground removal
키워드  
Non-Gaussian foregrounds
기타저자  
Columbia University Physics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aSurrao,  Kristen  Marie.
■24510▼aOptimizing  Parameter  Inference  and  Foreground  Removal  Techniques  for  Cosmic  Microwave  Background  Data  Analysis
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bColumbia  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a524  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-01,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Hill,  James  C.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Columbia  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aThe  cosmic  microwave  background  (CMB)  is  the  earliest  observable  light  in  the  Universe,  providing  insight  into  the  early  Universe,  how  it  evolved,  and  how  it  continues  to  evolve.  As  CMB  photons  travel  to  us  today,  they  interact  with  matter  in  galaxies,  leading  to  secondary  anisotropies.  These  secondary  anisotropies  and  other  microwave  foregrounds  provide  useful  astrophysical  information.  This  work  covers  a  variety  of  topics  in  CMB  data  analysis,  with  introductory  information  in  Chapter  1.Maps  of  the  microwave  sky  are  often  compressed  into  angular  power  spectra.  Chapter  2  explores  the  problem  of  computing  angular  power  spectra  from  maps  that  are  masked.  In  particular,  it  focuses  on  cases  where  the  masks  applied  may  be  correlated  with  the  maps  themselves,  such  as  point  source  masks  that  are  often  used.  The  work  develops  a  new  formalism  for  computing  these  spectra,  correcting  a  result  that  has  been  widely  used  in  CMB  data  analyses  for  the  past  two  decades.  Applying  the  result  to  simulations  confirms  that  the  new  formalism  recovers  expected  angular  power  spectra  to  machine  precision,  whereas  the  original  approach  could  yield  biases  of  up  to  10%  in  the  measured  power  spectra.Once  computed,  angular  power  spectra  are  used  in  cosmological  parameter  inference  pipelines.  Usually,  the  power  spectra  are  measured  across  various  frequency  channels,  and  templates  must  be  fit  to  extract  both  the  CMB  and  astrophysical  foregrounds.  However,  these  multifrequency  power  spectra  only  take  into  account  Gaussian  information  in  the  fields.  While  the  primary  CMB  is  a  Gaussian  random  field,  astrophysical  foregrounds  can  be  highly  non-Gaussian.  Thus,  information  is  lost  in  the  power  spectrum  compression.  Chapters  3  and  4  explore  how  to  use  the  power  spectra  of  needlet  internal  linear  combination  (NILC)  component-separated  maps  to  do  parameter  inference  in  a  way  that  accounts  for  non-Gaussian  information.  Chapter  3  builds  on  the  formalism  from  Chapter  2  to  develop  analytic  expressions  for  these  spectra  and  validates  them  on  simulations.  Chapter  4  investigates  using  simulation-based  likelihood-free  inference  on  NILC  power  spectra,  showing  that  it  can  reduce  parameter  posterior  areas  by  60%  when  large  non-Gaussian  foregrounds  are  present.  This  result  has  implications  for  primordial  \uD835\uDC35-mode  detection,  where  the  large  non-Gaussian  dust  foreground  is  significantly  larger  than  current  constraints  on  the  tensor-to-scalar  ratio  r.Chapters  5,  6,  and  7  focus  on  microwave  foregrounds  and  foreground  removal  strategies.  Chapter  5  presents  the  foreground  model  of  the  Atacama  Cosmology  Telescope  (ACT)  Collaboration  Data  Release  6  (DR6).  The  work  validates  the  foreground  model  by  assessing  its  consistency  with  existing  data,  investigating  foreground  model  variations  and  extensions,  and  validating  the  full  analysis  pipeline  on  realistic  non-Gaussian  simulations,  with  correlations  among  the  different  foregrounds.  Chapter  6  presents  new  foreground  cleaning  methods,  specifically  by  using  large-scale  structure  tracers  to  clean  the  cosmic  infrared  background  (CIB)  and  thermal  Sunyaev-Zel'dovich  (tSZ)  effect  for  enhancing  measurements  of  the  CMB  blackbody  temperature  power  spectrum,  forecasting  signal-to-noise  improvements  of  up  to  50%  using  future  galaxy  surveys.  Chapter  7  presents  an  algorithm  for  CIB  cleaning  for  the  purpose  of  tSZ  cross-correlations,  achieving  a  factor  of  1.6  improvement  in  the  signal-to-noise  ratio  on  simulations,  as  compared  with  standard  approaches.Chapters  8  and  9  present  constraints  on  beyond  ΛCDM  cosmological  models.  Chapter  8  uses  neural  network  emulators  emulators  of  Boltzmann  codes  to  constrain  the  early  dark  energy  (EDE)  model  using  Baryon  Acoustic  Oscillation  (BAO)  data  from  the  Dark  Energy  Spectroscopic  Instrument  (DESI).  The  emulators  achieve  100x  speedups  in  parameter  inference  pipelines.  The  work  finds  that  there  is  no  preference  for  the  EDE  model  with  DESI  Year  1  (Y1)  data,  with  the  maximum  fractional  contribution  of  EDE  to  the  cosmic  energy  budget  being  \uD835\uDC53EDE    0.091  (95%  CL)  using  Planck  CMB,  CMB  lensing,  and  DESI  BAO.  Finally,  Chapter  9  is  adapted  from  a  larger  work  by  the  ACT  Collaboration,  using  the  DR6  data  to  constrain  several  extended  cosmological  models.  The  work  found  no  preference  for  any  beyond  ΛCDM  model.  Chapter  9  specifically  focuses  on  ACT  DR6  constraints  on  two  models:  EDE  and  a  modified  gravity  model.  Using  the  DR6  data  along  with  additional  datasets  including  DESI  BAO  and  CMB  lensing  data,  the  work  places  tight  constraints  on  both  models,  and  finds  no  statistically  significant  preference  for  them  over  ΛCDM.  For  the  EDE  model,  \uD835\uDC53EDE    0.12  (95%  CL),  and  the  Hubble  constant  is  \uD835\uDC3B0  =  69.9  +0.8  −1.5  km/s/Mpc  (68%  CL).  For  the  modified  gravity  model,  the  growth  index  is  \uD835\uDEFE  =  0.663  ±  0.052  (68%  CL),  and  the  amplitude  of  density  fluctuations  is  \uD835\uDC468  =  0.799  ±  0.012  (68%  CL).
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0054.
■650  4▼aPhysics
■650  4▼aAstrophysics
■650  4▼aRemote  sensing
■650  4▼aApplied  physics
■653    ▼aCosmic  microwave  background
■653    ▼aForeground  removal
■653    ▼aNon-Gaussian  foregrounds
■690    ▼a0605
■690    ▼a0596
■690    ▼a0799
■690    ▼a0215
■71020▼aColumbia  University▼bPhysics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-01B.
■790    ▼a0054
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358314▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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