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Developing Experimental and Modeling Capabilities to Advance Molten Salt Reactor Technology for Molten Salt Pumps and Heat Exchangers
Developing Experimental and Modeling Capabilities to Advance Molten Salt Reactor Technolog...
Developing Experimental and Modeling Capabilities to Advance Molten Salt Reactor Technology for Molten Salt Pumps and Heat Exchangers

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105219
ISBN  
9798291566039
DDC  
539.76
저자명  
Che, Shuai.
서명/저자  
Developing Experimental and Modeling Capabilities to Advance Molten Salt Reactor Technology for Molten Salt Pumps and Heat Exchangers
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Michigan, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
337 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Burak, Adam;Sun, Xiaodong.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약The Molten Salt Reactor (MSR) is a Generation-IV nuclear energy system with the potential to significantly improve the economics, safety, and proliferation resistance. To increase the maturity of MSR technology, two critical components, high-temperature molten salt pumps and heat exchangers (HXs), need to be further developed. This study aims to develop experimental and modeling capabilities to support the development of molten salt pumps and compact HXs, i.e., Printed Circuit Heat Exchangers (PCHEs).For molten salt pumps, shaft seals represent a key design challenge. They serve two critical functions: avoiding molten salt leakage and subsequent solidification, and preventing release of hazardous gases or radionuclides. To support the development of shaft seal technologies, this study investigated two promising candidates: labyrinth seals and circumferential bushing seals. A Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model was developed to parametrically investigate cover gas leakage flows through a labyrinth seal. Pressure ratio, shaft speed, radial clearance, number of teeth, and tooth angle were considered. The pressure ratio and radial clearance were identified as the dominant factors. Increasing the number of teeth reduced the leakage flow rates, but diminishing returns were observed. The shaft speed and tooth angle had negligible effects under the conditions examined.For circumferential bushing seals, a high-temperature molten salt Shaft Seal Test Facility (SSTF) was designed and constructed to evaluate their performance. In SSTF, test seals were exposed to FLiNaK salt vapor and cover gas mixtures at temperatures and pressures up to 650 ◦C and 0.5 MPa, respectively, with varying shaft rotation speeds. A series of experiments was conducted to evaluate the static and dynamic performance of the bushing seal under MSR operating conditions. A 10-day transition phase was observed, during which graphite bushing wear influenced the pressure field. At steady state, both shaft speed and temperature exhibited negligible impacts on seal performance. Experiments using three different cover gases, i.e., nitrogen, helium, and argon, indicated argon was preferred as it maintained higher pressure at the same flow rate and lower cost. Transient experiments showed that shaft ramping speed and profile had negligible impacts.The thermal-hydraulic performance of a PCHE designed for FLiNaK salt and supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) with semi-circular zigzag channels was experimentally investigated using a surrogate fluid, and the acquired data were used to validate a CFD model. The simulation results showed that the curvature at zigzag bends reduced pressure drops, with more pronounced effects at higher Reynolds numbers. Two existing correlations accurately predicted friction factors for semi-circular zigzag channels across Reynolds numbers from 100 to 10,000. However, two heat transfer correlations, originally developed for helium, failed to predict the Nusselt number for FLiNaK salt, highlighting a need of new correlations for high-Prandtl-number fluids. A thermal-mechanical analysis was also conducted to evaluate the structural integrity of the PCHE under its design condition. High equivalent stresses and plastic deformation were observed near the rounded corners of semi-circular channels on the cold side. Increasing the curvature radius of the corners could significantly reduce the maximum equivalent stress.In summary, this study presents original contributions to the development of molten salt pumps and compact HXs. The SSTF serves as a test platform for evaluating shaft seals under MSR conditions, with the experimental data to improve shaft seal designs. Additionally, the developed PCHE numerical models facilitate the design optimization of semi-circular zigzag channel PCHEs for molten salt applications.
일반주제명  
Nuclear engineering
일반주제명  
Nuclear physics
일반주제명  
Fluid mechanics
일반주제명  
Mechanical engineering
키워드  
Molten Salt Reactor
키워드  
Molten salt pump shaft seal
키워드  
High-temperature molten salt experiments
키워드  
Computational Fluid Dynamics
키워드  
Printed Circuit Heat Exchangers
기타저자  
University of Michigan Nuclear Engineering & Radiological Sciences
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-03B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■0820  ▼a539.76
■1001  ▼aChe,  Shuai.
■24510▼aDeveloping  Experimental  and  Modeling  Capabilities  to  Advance  Molten  Salt  Reactor  Technology  for  Molten  Salt  Pumps  and  Heat  Exchangers
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Michigan▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a337  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-03,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Burak,  Adam;Sun,  Xiaodong.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Michigan,  2025.
■520    ▼aThe  Molten  Salt  Reactor  (MSR)  is  a  Generation-IV  nuclear  energy  system  with  the  potential  to  significantly  improve  the  economics,  safety,  and  proliferation  resistance.  To  increase  the  maturity  of  MSR  technology,  two  critical  components,  high-temperature  molten  salt  pumps  and  heat  exchangers  (HXs),  need  to  be  further  developed.  This  study  aims  to  develop  experimental  and  modeling  capabilities  to  support  the  development  of  molten  salt  pumps  and  compact  HXs,  i.e.,  Printed  Circuit  Heat  Exchangers  (PCHEs).For  molten  salt  pumps,  shaft  seals  represent  a  key  design  challenge.  They  serve  two  critical  functions:  avoiding  molten  salt  leakage  and  subsequent  solidification,  and  preventing  release  of  hazardous  gases  or  radionuclides.  To  support  the  development  of  shaft  seal  technologies,  this  study  investigated  two  promising  candidates:  labyrinth  seals  and  circumferential  bushing  seals.  A  Computational  Fluid  Dynamics  (CFD)  model  was  developed  to  parametrically  investigate  cover  gas  leakage  flows  through  a  labyrinth  seal.  Pressure  ratio,  shaft  speed,  radial  clearance,  number  of  teeth,  and  tooth  angle  were  considered.  The  pressure  ratio  and  radial  clearance  were  identified  as  the  dominant  factors.  Increasing  the  number  of  teeth  reduced  the  leakage  flow  rates,  but  diminishing  returns  were  observed.  The  shaft  speed  and  tooth  angle  had  negligible  effects  under  the  conditions  examined.For  circumferential  bushing  seals,  a  high-temperature  molten  salt  Shaft  Seal  Test  Facility  (SSTF)  was  designed  and  constructed  to  evaluate  their  performance.  In  SSTF,  test  seals  were  exposed  to  FLiNaK  salt  vapor  and  cover  gas  mixtures  at  temperatures  and  pressures  up  to  650  ◦C  and  0.5  MPa,  respectively,  with  varying  shaft  rotation  speeds.  A  series  of  experiments  was  conducted  to  evaluate  the  static  and  dynamic  performance  of  the  bushing  seal  under  MSR  operating  conditions.  A  10-day  transition  phase  was  observed,  during  which  graphite  bushing  wear  influenced the  pressure  field.  At  steady  state,  both  shaft  speed  and  temperature  exhibited  negligible  impacts  on  seal  performance.  Experiments  using  three  different  cover  gases,  i.e.,  nitrogen,  helium,  and  argon,  indicated  argon  was  preferred  as  it  maintained  higher  pressure  at  the  same  flow  rate  and  lower  cost.  Transient  experiments  showed  that  shaft  ramping  speed  and  profile  had  negligible  impacts.The  thermal-hydraulic  performance  of  a  PCHE  designed  for  FLiNaK  salt  and  supercritical  carbon  dioxide  (sCO2)  with  semi-circular  zigzag  channels  was  experimentally  investigated  using  a  surrogate  fluid,  and  the  acquired  data  were  used  to  validate  a  CFD  model.  The  simulation  results  showed  that  the  curvature  at  zigzag  bends  reduced  pressure  drops,  with  more  pronounced  effects  at  higher  Reynolds  numbers.  Two  existing  correlations  accurately  predicted  friction  factors  for  semi-circular  zigzag  channels  across  Reynolds  numbers  from  100  to  10,000.  However,  two  heat  transfer  correlations,  originally  developed  for  helium,  failed  to  predict  the  Nusselt  number  for  FLiNaK  salt,  highlighting  a  need  of  new  correlations  for  high-Prandtl-number  fluids.  A  thermal-mechanical  analysis  was  also  conducted  to  evaluate  the  structural  integrity  of  the  PCHE  under  its  design  condition.  High  equivalent  stresses  and  plastic  deformation  were  observed  near  the  rounded  corners  of  semi-circular  channels  on  the  cold  side.  Increasing  the  curvature  radius  of  the  corners  could  significantly  reduce  the  maximum  equivalent  stress.In  summary,  this  study  presents  original  contributions  to  the  development  of  molten  salt  pumps  and  compact  HXs.  The  SSTF  serves  as  a  test  platform  for  evaluating  shaft  seals  under  MSR  conditions,  with  the  experimental  data  to  improve  shaft  seal  designs.  Additionally,  the  developed  PCHE  numerical  models  facilitate  the  design  optimization  of  semi-circular  zigzag  channel  PCHEs  for  molten  salt  applications.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0127.
■650  4▼aNuclear  engineering
■650  4▼aNuclear  physics
■650  4▼aFluid  mechanics
■650  4▼aMechanical  engineering
■653    ▼aMolten  Salt  Reactor  
■653    ▼aMolten  salt  pump  shaft  seal
■653    ▼aHigh-temperature  molten  salt  experiments
■653    ▼aComputational  Fluid  Dynamics
■653    ▼aPrinted  Circuit  Heat  Exchangers
■690    ▼a0552
■690    ▼a0756
■690    ▼a0548
■690    ▼a0204
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Michigan▼bNuclear  Engineering  &  Radiological  Sciences.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-03B.
■790    ▼a0127
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359820▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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