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Aging and Health in Skilled Nursing Facilities: Exploring Population Characteristics and the Microbiome
Aging and Health in Skilled Nursing Facilities: Exploring Population Characteristics and the Microbiome
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202105220
- ISBN
- 9798291566183
- DDC
- 614
- 저자명
- Byrd, Morgan C.
- 서명/저자
- Aging and Health in Skilled Nursing Facilities: Exploring Population Characteristics and the Microbiome
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : University of Michigan, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 140 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-02, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Foxman, Betsy.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약As the population ages and Medicare policies evolve to reduce healthcare costs, the demand for short-term, subacute care, particularly skilled nursing facilities (SNFs), continues to grow. The SNF population is uniquely vulnerable, with high prevalence of frailty, new functional disabilities, frequent antibiotic use, and need for post-hospitalization care. This dissertation spans multiple dimensions of health among older adults recovering at a single SNF and highlights opportunities to improve care planning, reduce hospital readmissions, and enhance health outcomes. Chapters 2-4 consist of three unique manuscripts. In Chapter 2, I examine population characteristics and identify predictors of length of stay (LOS) among 313 SNF residents in the Tracking Acute Respiratory Illness in Older Adults (TARI), a prospective cohort study. Upon SNF entry, 23% reported one or more respiratory symptoms, but prevalence declined over time. Although most residents had visitors, movement within the facility was nearly limited to the rehabilitation center. Dependence in activities of daily living (ADL) was associated with a 63% increase in predicted LOS, corresponding to an 8.6-day longer median stay. The presence of a surgical drain or vascular access device was associated with a 37% increase in predicted LOS, or 5.2-day longer median stay. In contrast, older age (80+) was associated with a 22% decrease in predicted LOS, corresponding to a 3.0-day shorter median stay, while having heart disease was associated with a 28% decrease or 3.8-day shorter median stay. These findings introduce a new hypothesis into the literature, a potential "healthy-elder" bias where older adults who utilize SNF care may represent a healthier subset with higher baseline health, potentially influencing how we understand recovery trajectories. In Chapter 3, I examine the association between self-assessed oral health (OH) and frailty in the TARI cohort and assess how previously identified risk factors modify this association. After adjusting for age, chronic respiratory disease, ADL status, and antidepressant usage, the odds of frailty were 2.45 times greater among those with poor OH compared to those with good OH (95% CI: 1.42-4.29). Further, after adjusting for poor OH and other risk factors, being less than 70 years old, having chronic respiratory disease, ADL dependent, or using antidepressants were each independently associated with frailty. Given limited access to dental care in SNFs, this simple, non-invasive tool for measuring oral health could be integrated into routine care and inform individualized care plans. In Chapter 4, I use 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing of bacterial DNA to evaluate the short-term dynamics of the nose/throat microbiome among the TARI cohort and identify differences in microbiome composition and function by common health characteristics: frailty, devices, and antibiotic use. Microbiome composition and diversity was relatively stable but participants with a device or taking antibiotics had distinct microbial profiles that remained stable within these subsets. I identified biochemical pathways associated with these health characteristics and found depletion of the denitrification, polyamine synthesis, and sulfate-cysteine biosynthesis pathways - important in biofilm formation, immune response, cardiovascular health, oxidative stress regulation, and metabolism. These findings highlight the importance of microbiome resilience in recovery. In the final chapter, I discuss the public health significance of my findings and future research directions. Together, my findings inform strategies to improve quality of care, reduce hospital readmissions, and lower costs associated with post-acute care. The dissertation concludes with a personal reflection on lessons learned throughout my doctoral degree.
- 일반주제명
- Public health
- 일반주제명
- Epidemiology
- 일반주제명
- Aging
- 일반주제명
- Microbiology
- 일반주제명
- Nursing
- 키워드
- Health outcomes
- 키워드
- Length of stay
- 키워드
- Oral health
- 키워드
- Oxidative stress
- 기타저자
- University of Michigan Epidemiological Science
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-02B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■020 ▼a9798291566183
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■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)umichrackham006395
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a614
■1001 ▼aByrd, Morgan C.
■24510▼aAging and Health in Skilled Nursing Facilities: Exploring Population Characteristics and the Microbiome
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity of Michigan▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a140 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-02, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Foxman, Betsy.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2025.
■520 ▼aAs the population ages and Medicare policies evolve to reduce healthcare costs, the demand for short-term, subacute care, particularly skilled nursing facilities (SNFs), continues to grow. The SNF population is uniquely vulnerable, with high prevalence of frailty, new functional disabilities, frequent antibiotic use, and need for post-hospitalization care. This dissertation spans multiple dimensions of health among older adults recovering at a single SNF and highlights opportunities to improve care planning, reduce hospital readmissions, and enhance health outcomes. Chapters 2-4 consist of three unique manuscripts. In Chapter 2, I examine population characteristics and identify predictors of length of stay (LOS) among 313 SNF residents in the Tracking Acute Respiratory Illness in Older Adults (TARI), a prospective cohort study. Upon SNF entry, 23% reported one or more respiratory symptoms, but prevalence declined over time. Although most residents had visitors, movement within the facility was nearly limited to the rehabilitation center. Dependence in activities of daily living (ADL) was associated with a 63% increase in predicted LOS, corresponding to an 8.6-day longer median stay. The presence of a surgical drain or vascular access device was associated with a 37% increase in predicted LOS, or 5.2-day longer median stay. In contrast, older age (80+) was associated with a 22% decrease in predicted LOS, corresponding to a 3.0-day shorter median stay, while having heart disease was associated with a 28% decrease or 3.8-day shorter median stay. These findings introduce a new hypothesis into the literature, a potential "healthy-elder" bias where older adults who utilize SNF care may represent a healthier subset with higher baseline health, potentially influencing how we understand recovery trajectories. In Chapter 3, I examine the association between self-assessed oral health (OH) and frailty in the TARI cohort and assess how previously identified risk factors modify this association. After adjusting for age, chronic respiratory disease, ADL status, and antidepressant usage, the odds of frailty were 2.45 times greater among those with poor OH compared to those with good OH (95% CI: 1.42-4.29). Further, after adjusting for poor OH and other risk factors, being less than 70 years old, having chronic respiratory disease, ADL dependent, or using antidepressants were each independently associated with frailty. Given limited access to dental care in SNFs, this simple, non-invasive tool for measuring oral health could be integrated into routine care and inform individualized care plans. In Chapter 4, I use 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing of bacterial DNA to evaluate the short-term dynamics of the nose/throat microbiome among the TARI cohort and identify differences in microbiome composition and function by common health characteristics: frailty, devices, and antibiotic use. Microbiome composition and diversity was relatively stable but participants with a device or taking antibiotics had distinct microbial profiles that remained stable within these subsets. I identified biochemical pathways associated with these health characteristics and found depletion of the denitrification, polyamine synthesis, and sulfate-cysteine biosynthesis pathways - important in biofilm formation, immune response, cardiovascular health, oxidative stress regulation, and metabolism. These findings highlight the importance of microbiome resilience in recovery. In the final chapter, I discuss the public health significance of my findings and future research directions. Together, my findings inform strategies to improve quality of care, reduce hospital readmissions, and lower costs associated with post-acute care. The dissertation concludes with a personal reflection on lessons learned throughout my doctoral degree.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0127.
■650 4▼aPublic health
■650 4▼aEpidemiology
■650 4▼aAging
■650 4▼aMicrobiology
■650 4▼aNursing
■653 ▼aHealth outcomes
■653 ▼aLength of stay
■653 ▼aOral health
■653 ▼aMicrobiome resilience
■653 ▼aOxidative stress
■690 ▼a0766
■690 ▼a0493
■690 ▼a0573
■690 ▼a0410
■690 ▼a0569
■71020▼aUniversity of Michigan▼bEpidemiological Science.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-02B.
■790 ▼a0127
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359828▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


