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Essays on the Economics of Social Insurance and Labor Markets
Essays on the Economics of Social Insurance and Labor Markets
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202103536
- ISBN
- 9798280720435
- DDC
- 320
- 저자명
- Klimke, Roman.
- 서명/저자
- Essays on the Economics of Social Insurance and Labor Markets
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : Harvard University, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 248 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-12, Section: A.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Liebman, Jeffrey;Shepard, Mark.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약This dissertation investigates the labor market and fiscal consequences of social insurance reforms, drawing on large-scale administrative data from Germany. Across three chapters, I examine how programs designed to insure against economic risk - whether through wage subsidies, public insurance expansions, or regulatory wage floors - affect employment, workforce composition, and broader economic outcomes.The first chapter analyzes the employment effects of Germany's Short-Time Work (Kurzarbeit) program during the COVID-19 crisis. Using matched administrative data on program participation and the universe of Social Security records, I show that while Short-Time Work mitigated immediate job losses in 2020, participating firms experienced persistently lower employment growth through 2022. Instrumental variables estimates suggest that extensive program use led to substantial job hoarding, merely delaying, but not averting, adjustments. These findings highlight the short-run benefits and long-run costs of broad-based job retention subsidies.The second chapter evaluates the impact of Germany's 2022 Healthcare Development Act, which introduced wage floors in long-term care (LTC). Using a difference-in-differences design comparing LTC nurses to hospital nurses, I find that the reform raised wages particularly at the bottom, without reducing employment or firm entry. Wage compression resulted from both genuine wage gains and positive selection, as lower-paid workers were more likely to exit and newly hired staff experienced accelerated wage growth.The third chapter studies the long-run labor market effects of Germany's 1995 introduction of universal LTC insurance. Leveraging regional variation in pre-reform coverage and rich individual work histories, I show that the insurance expansion spurred large-scale job creation in nursing homes without displacing employment in other sectors. Employment gains were concentrated among lower-skilled workers, and local unemployment declined. A structural model reveals that the fiscal and welfare effects depend critically on pre-existing labor market frictions and tax wedges, with the reform effectively paying for itself through fiscal spillovers.Together, these studies offer empirical evidence on how well-designed social insurance programs can support vulnerable workers, stimulate labor demand, and shape earnings distributions, underscoring the importance of targeting and institutional context for ensuring long-run efficiency.
- 일반주제명
- Public policy
- 키워드
- Labor market
- 키워드
- Labor demand
- 기타저자
- Harvard University Public Policy
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-12A.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■020 ▼a9798280720435
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32040444
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a320
■1001 ▼aKlimke, Roman.▼0(orcid)0000-0002-5415-0827
■24510▼aEssays on the Economics of Social Insurance and Labor Markets
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bHarvard University▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a248 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-12, Section: A.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Liebman, Jeffrey;Shepard, Mark.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2025.
■520 ▼aThis dissertation investigates the labor market and fiscal consequences of social insurance reforms, drawing on large-scale administrative data from Germany. Across three chapters, I examine how programs designed to insure against economic risk - whether through wage subsidies, public insurance expansions, or regulatory wage floors - affect employment, workforce composition, and broader economic outcomes.The first chapter analyzes the employment effects of Germany's Short-Time Work (Kurzarbeit) program during the COVID-19 crisis. Using matched administrative data on program participation and the universe of Social Security records, I show that while Short-Time Work mitigated immediate job losses in 2020, participating firms experienced persistently lower employment growth through 2022. Instrumental variables estimates suggest that extensive program use led to substantial job hoarding, merely delaying, but not averting, adjustments. These findings highlight the short-run benefits and long-run costs of broad-based job retention subsidies.The second chapter evaluates the impact of Germany's 2022 Healthcare Development Act, which introduced wage floors in long-term care (LTC). Using a difference-in-differences design comparing LTC nurses to hospital nurses, I find that the reform raised wages particularly at the bottom, without reducing employment or firm entry. Wage compression resulted from both genuine wage gains and positive selection, as lower-paid workers were more likely to exit and newly hired staff experienced accelerated wage growth.The third chapter studies the long-run labor market effects of Germany's 1995 introduction of universal LTC insurance. Leveraging regional variation in pre-reform coverage and rich individual work histories, I show that the insurance expansion spurred large-scale job creation in nursing homes without displacing employment in other sectors. Employment gains were concentrated among lower-skilled workers, and local unemployment declined. A structural model reveals that the fiscal and welfare effects depend critically on pre-existing labor market frictions and tax wedges, with the reform effectively paying for itself through fiscal spillovers.Together, these studies offer empirical evidence on how well-designed social insurance programs can support vulnerable workers, stimulate labor demand, and shape earnings distributions, underscoring the importance of targeting and institutional context for ensuring long-run efficiency.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0084.
■650 4▼aPublic policy
■653 ▼aLabor market
■653 ▼aSocial Security records
■653 ▼aLabor demand
■690 ▼a0630
■690 ▼a0501
■690 ▼a0510
■690 ▼a0511
■71020▼aHarvard University▼bPublic Policy.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g86-12A.
■790 ▼a0084
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17357606▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.
