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Essays on Media and Political Persuasion in Autocracies
Essays on Media and Political Persuasion in Autocracies
Essays on Media and Political Persuasion in Autocracies

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202104716
ISBN  
9798288805875
DDC  
320
저자명  
Rahmani, Bardia.
서명/저자  
Essays on Media and Political Persuasion in Autocracies
발행사항  
[Sl] : Columbia University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
214 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Green, Donald P.;Marshall, John.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Columbia University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Recent decades have witnessed an explosion in private media in Africa, fueling hopes for political openness in autocratic regimes long dominated by state-controlled media. Yet despite this wave of media liberalization, African autocrats have largely maintained and even strengthened their grip on power. What accounts for the failure of private media to challenge authoritarian rule? The chapters that make up this dissertation shed light on this question. They point to the ways in which autocrats have co-opted private media, turning it from a potential threat into a force for regime stability.Chapter 1 examines a strategy in which autocrats control private media outlets through proxies in the business world, thereby concealing these outlets' connections to the government and rendering them more credible to regime opponents. Fielding surveys in four African countries, I find that the vast majority of citizens living in autocracies are unaware of the regime's control over proxy-owned outlets. I then present evidence from a series of experiments showing that these knowledge gaps work in the regime's favor: they make opponents more likely to inadvertently consume proxy-owned sources and more likely to be persuaded by their pro-regime news coverage. The results challenge the notion that propaganda only influences an autocrat's loyal supporters, highlighting conditions under which it reaches and persuades more discerning audiences.Chapter 2 explores another strategy for controlling private media: suspending critical outlets. I argue that the threat of suspensions generates strong financial incentives for outlets to self-censor. To test this argument, I leverage the 2019 suspension of The Citizen, Tanzania's most prominent independent newspaper. Applying a difference-in-difference design to a corpus of 30,000 newspaper articles, I find that the suspension caused The Citizen to scale back criticism of the regime and increase positive coverage. I also document indirect chilling effects on other independent outlets. Finally, drawing upon unique data on Tanzanians' daily media habits, I show that audiences did not respond to the suspension by curtailing their consumption of The Citizen or shifting to other sources. The results imply that the suspension shifted Tanzanians' media diets in a more pro-regime direction.In Chapter 3, I explore what happens when citizens in autocracies gain access to independent media. In a field experiment, Tanzanians were randomly assigned one month of free access to 30 newspapers via a mobile news app. The intervention led to a 52 percentage point increase in newspaper readership, with users preferring independent outlets to state-owned sources. Yet rather than foment skepticism, exposure to these independent sources increased respondents' approval of the regime. This effect appears to be driven by participants substituting nominally independent-but self-censoring-newspapers for more critical online sources. The findings highlight why autocrats may tolerate "moderate" independent media: by diverting attention from overtly critical outlets, such media can paradoxically bolster support for the regime.Taken together, these essays highlight how autocrats use ownership and financial pressure to shape private media coverage in their favor. Crucially, I show that citizens in autocracies continue to perceive private media as independent and credible despite its vulnerability to political capture. As a result, autocrats who co-opt private media may have a greater ability to persuade a skeptical public than those who rely solely on state-run outlets.
일반주제명  
Political science
일반주제명  
African studies
일반주제명  
Film studies
키워드  
Africa
키워드  
Authoritarianism
키워드  
Experiments
키워드  
Media
키워드  
Persuasion
키워드  
Propaganda
기타저자  
Columbia University Political Science
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■1001  ▼aRahmani,  Bardia.
■24510▼aEssays  on  Media  and  Political  Persuasion  in  Autocracies
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bColumbia  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a214  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-01,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Green,  Donald  P.;Marshall,  John.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Columbia  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aRecent  decades  have  witnessed  an  explosion  in  private  media  in  Africa,  fueling  hopes  for  political  openness  in  autocratic  regimes  long  dominated  by  state-controlled  media.  Yet  despite  this  wave  of  media  liberalization,  African  autocrats  have  largely  maintained  and  even  strengthened  their  grip  on  power.  What  accounts  for  the  failure  of  private  media  to  challenge  authoritarian  rule?  The  chapters  that  make  up  this  dissertation  shed  light  on  this  question.  They  point  to  the  ways  in  which  autocrats  have  co-opted  private  media,  turning  it  from  a  potential  threat  into  a  force  for  regime  stability.Chapter  1  examines  a  strategy  in  which  autocrats  control  private  media  outlets  through  proxies  in  the  business  world,  thereby  concealing  these  outlets'  connections  to  the  government  and  rendering  them  more  credible  to  regime  opponents.  Fielding  surveys  in  four  African  countries,  I  find  that  the  vast  majority  of  citizens  living  in  autocracies  are  unaware  of  the  regime's  control  over  proxy-owned  outlets.  I  then  present  evidence  from  a  series  of  experiments  showing  that  these  knowledge  gaps  work  in  the  regime's  favor:  they  make  opponents  more  likely  to  inadvertently  consume  proxy-owned  sources  and  more  likely  to  be  persuaded  by  their  pro-regime  news  coverage.  The  results  challenge  the  notion  that  propaganda  only  influences  an  autocrat's  loyal  supporters,  highlighting  conditions  under  which  it  reaches  and  persuades  more  discerning  audiences.Chapter  2  explores  another  strategy  for  controlling  private  media:  suspending  critical  outlets.  I  argue  that  the  threat  of  suspensions  generates  strong  financial  incentives  for  outlets  to  self-censor.  To  test  this  argument,  I  leverage  the  2019  suspension  of  The  Citizen,  Tanzania's  most  prominent  independent  newspaper.  Applying  a  difference-in-difference  design  to  a  corpus  of  30,000  newspaper  articles,  I  find  that  the  suspension  caused  The  Citizen  to  scale  back  criticism  of  the  regime  and  increase  positive  coverage.  I  also  document  indirect  chilling  effects  on  other  independent  outlets.  Finally,  drawing  upon  unique  data  on  Tanzanians'  daily  media  habits,  I  show  that  audiences  did  not  respond  to  the  suspension  by  curtailing  their  consumption  of  The  Citizen  or  shifting  to  other  sources.  The  results  imply  that  the  suspension  shifted  Tanzanians'  media  diets  in  a  more  pro-regime  direction.In  Chapter  3,  I  explore  what  happens  when  citizens  in  autocracies  gain  access  to  independent  media.  In  a  field  experiment,  Tanzanians  were  randomly  assigned  one  month  of  free  access  to  30  newspapers  via  a  mobile  news  app.  The  intervention  led  to  a  52  percentage  point  increase  in  newspaper  readership,  with  users  preferring  independent  outlets  to  state-owned  sources.  Yet  rather  than  foment  skepticism,  exposure  to  these  independent  sources  increased  respondents'  approval  of  the  regime.  This  effect  appears  to  be  driven  by  participants  substituting  nominally  independent-but  self-censoring-newspapers  for  more  critical  online  sources.  The  findings  highlight  why  autocrats  may  tolerate  "moderate"  independent  media:  by  diverting  attention  from  overtly  critical  outlets,  such  media  can  paradoxically  bolster  support  for  the  regime.Taken  together,  these  essays  highlight  how  autocrats  use  ownership  and  financial  pressure  to  shape  private  media  coverage  in  their  favor.  Crucially,  I  show  that  citizens  in  autocracies  continue  to  perceive  private  media  as  independent  and  credible  despite  its  vulnerability  to  political  capture.  As  a  result,  autocrats  who  co-opt  private  media  may  have  a  greater  ability  to  persuade  a  skeptical  public  than  those  who  rely  solely  on  state-run  outlets.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0054.
■650  4▼aPolitical  science
■650  4▼aAfrican  studies
■650  4▼aFilm  studies
■653    ▼aAfrica
■653    ▼aAuthoritarianism
■653    ▼aExperiments
■653    ▼aMedia
■653    ▼aPersuasion
■653    ▼aPropaganda
■690    ▼a0615
■690    ▼a0900
■690    ▼a0293
■71020▼aColumbia  University▼bPolitical  Science.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-01A.
■790    ▼a0054
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358534▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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