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Methods and Applications for Improving Interpretation of Genetic and Genomic Data
Methods and Applications for Improving Interpretation of Genetic and Genomic Data
Methods and Applications for Improving Interpretation of Genetic and Genomic Data

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105238
ISBN  
9798291568071
DDC  
574
저자명  
Annis, Aubrey C.
서명/저자  
Methods and Applications for Improving Interpretation of Genetic and Genomic Data
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Michigan, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
237 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Abecasis, Goncalo;Scott, Laura.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약With recent influxes in the quantity of genetic and genomic data available, the best methods for data interpretation are not always clear, and it is easy to adhere to outdated standards that are no longer optimal. Here we propose methods and applications for interpreting genetic and genomic data that reevaluate old standards and suggest new ones where needed.In the first project, we examined persistent opioid use after surgery in the Michigan Genomics Initiative biobank, which is a common morbidity outcome associated with subsequent opioid use disorder, overdose, and death. While phenotypic associations have been described, genetic associations remain unidentified. We conducted the largest genetic study to date of persistent opioid use after surgery, comprising ~40,000 non-Hispanic, European-ancestry Michigan Genomics Initiative participants (3,198 cases and 36,321 surgically exposed controls). Our study focused on the reproducibility and reliability of 72 genetic studies of opioid use disorder phenotypes. Nominal associations (p0.05) occurred at 12 of 80 unique (r20.8) signals from these studies. Six occurred in OPRM1 (most significant: rs79704991-T, OR=1.17, p=8.7x10-5), with two surviving multiple testing correction. Other associations were rs640561- LRRIQ3 (p=0.015), rs4680-COMT (p=0.016), rs9478495 (p=0.017, intergenic), rs10886472- GRK5 (p=0.028), rs9291211-SLC30A9/BEND4 (p=0.043), and rs112068658-KCNN1 (p=0.048). Two highly referenced genes, OPRD1 and DRD2/ANKK1, had no signals in MGI. Associations at previously identified OPRM1 variants suggest common biology between persistent opioid use and opioid use disorder, further demonstrating connections between opioid dependence and addiction phenotypes. Lack of significant associations at other variants challenges previous studies' reliability.In the second project, we examined significance criteria for electronic health record biobank data from the UK Biobank and the Michigan Genomics Initiative. Association testing across many phenotypes increases the multiple-testing burden and makes appropriate multiple-testing correction uncertain. Moreover, analyses including low-frequency variants can result in inflated type 1 error due to the much larger number of tests and the elevated importance of each individual minor allele carrier in those tests. Here we demonstrate that standard methods for multiple testing correction are inadequate for a holistic analysis of biobank data because ideal significance thresholds vary across datasets and minor allele frequencies. We propose a single-iteration permutation method that is computationally feasible and provides false discovery rate estimates tailored to individual datasets and variant frequencies. Each dataset's unique false discovery rate estimates provide customized levels of confidence for association results and enable informed interpretation of genetic association studies across the phenome.In the third project, we characterized the extent of hybridization disruption among probes with variants under the probe in methylation array data and proposed a targeted person-by-probe sample removal approach prior to analysis. If undetected, variants under the probe can elevate the contribution of background fluorescent signal and bias the observed percent methylation, increasing noise (decreasing power) or causing incorrect inference in methylation quantitative trail loci (QTL) analyses. Using whole genome sequencing and blood-based MethylationEpic Beadchip array data from the TOPMed Lung Tissue Research Consortium (n=1,248), we showed that hybridization disruption caused by variants under the probe can occur at any point along the probe, producing intensity signals that differ significantly from fully bound probes even 40-50 base pairs from the methylation site. We also show that hybridization disruption can skew methylation estimates among probes affected by variation under the probe. We quantitate the effects of these variants on methylation estimates by their positions under the probe and propose a probe-specific approach to counteract affected methylation estimates.
일반주제명  
Biostatistics
일반주제명  
Genetics
일반주제명  
Systematic biology
일반주제명  
Bioinformatics
키워드  
Statistical genetics
키워드  
Data interpretation
키워드  
Genomic data
키워드  
Quantitative trail loci
키워드  
Opioid use disorder
기타저자  
University of Michigan Biostatistics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-03B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aAnnis,  Aubrey  C.
■24510▼aMethods  and  Applications  for  Improving  Interpretation  of  Genetic  and  Genomic  Data
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Michigan▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a237  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-03,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Abecasis,  Goncalo;Scott,  Laura.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Michigan,  2025.
■520    ▼aWith  recent  influxes  in  the  quantity  of  genetic  and  genomic  data  available,  the  best  methods  for  data  interpretation  are  not  always  clear,  and  it  is  easy  to  adhere  to  outdated  standards  that  are  no  longer  optimal.  Here  we  propose  methods  and  applications  for  interpreting  genetic  and  genomic  data  that  reevaluate  old  standards  and  suggest  new  ones  where  needed.In  the  first  project,  we  examined  persistent  opioid  use  after  surgery  in  the  Michigan  Genomics  Initiative  biobank,  which  is  a  common  morbidity  outcome  associated  with  subsequent  opioid  use  disorder,  overdose,  and  death.  While  phenotypic  associations  have  been  described,  genetic  associations  remain  unidentified.  We  conducted  the  largest  genetic  study  to  date  of  persistent  opioid  use  after  surgery,  comprising  ~40,000  non-Hispanic,  European-ancestry  Michigan  Genomics  Initiative  participants  (3,198  cases  and  36,321  surgically  exposed  controls).  Our  study  focused  on  the  reproducibility  and  reliability  of  72  genetic  studies  of  opioid  use  disorder  phenotypes.  Nominal  associations  (p0.05)  occurred  at  12  of  80  unique  (r20.8)  signals  from  these  studies.  Six  occurred  in  OPRM1  (most  significant:  rs79704991-T,  OR=1.17,  p=8.7x10-5),  with  two  surviving  multiple  testing  correction.  Other  associations  were  rs640561-  LRRIQ3  (p=0.015),  rs4680-COMT  (p=0.016),  rs9478495  (p=0.017,  intergenic),  rs10886472-  GRK5  (p=0.028),  rs9291211-SLC30A9/BEND4  (p=0.043),  and  rs112068658-KCNN1  (p=0.048).  Two  highly  referenced  genes,  OPRD1  and  DRD2/ANKK1,  had  no  signals  in  MGI.  Associations  at  previously  identified  OPRM1  variants  suggest  common  biology  between  persistent  opioid  use  and  opioid  use  disorder,  further  demonstrating  connections  between  opioid  dependence  and addiction  phenotypes.  Lack  of  significant  associations  at  other  variants  challenges  previous  studies'  reliability.In  the  second  project,  we  examined  significance  criteria  for  electronic  health  record  biobank  data  from  the  UK  Biobank  and  the  Michigan  Genomics  Initiative.  Association  testing  across  many  phenotypes  increases  the  multiple-testing  burden  and  makes  appropriate  multiple-testing  correction  uncertain.  Moreover,  analyses  including  low-frequency  variants  can  result  in  inflated  type  1  error  due  to  the  much  larger  number  of  tests  and  the  elevated  importance  of  each  individual  minor  allele  carrier  in  those  tests.  Here  we  demonstrate  that  standard  methods  for  multiple  testing  correction  are  inadequate  for  a  holistic  analysis  of  biobank  data  because  ideal  significance  thresholds  vary  across  datasets  and  minor  allele  frequencies.  We  propose  a  single-iteration  permutation  method  that  is  computationally  feasible  and  provides  false  discovery  rate  estimates  tailored  to  individual  datasets  and  variant  frequencies.  Each  dataset's  unique  false  discovery  rate  estimates  provide  customized  levels  of  confidence  for  association  results  and  enable  informed  interpretation  of  genetic  association  studies  across  the  phenome.In  the  third  project,  we  characterized  the  extent  of  hybridization  disruption  among  probes  with  variants  under  the  probe  in  methylation  array  data  and  proposed  a  targeted  person-by-probe  sample  removal  approach  prior  to  analysis.  If  undetected,  variants  under  the  probe  can  elevate  the  contribution  of  background  fluorescent  signal  and  bias  the  observed  percent  methylation,  increasing  noise  (decreasing  power)  or  causing  incorrect  inference  in  methylation  quantitative  trail  loci  (QTL)  analyses.  Using  whole  genome  sequencing  and  blood-based  MethylationEpic  Beadchip  array  data  from  the  TOPMed  Lung  Tissue  Research  Consortium  (n=1,248),  we  showed  that  hybridization  disruption  caused  by  variants  under  the  probe  can  occur  at  any  point  along  the  probe,  producing  intensity  signals  that  differ  significantly  from  fully  bound  probes  even  40-50  base  pairs  from  the  methylation  site.  We  also  show  that  hybridization  disruption  can  skew  methylation  estimates  among  probes  affected  by  variation  under  the  probe.  We  quantitate  the  effects  of  these  variants  on  methylation  estimates  by  their  positions  under  the  probe  and  propose  a  probe-specific  approach  to  counteract  affected  methylation  estimates.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0127.
■650  4▼aBiostatistics
■650  4▼aGenetics
■650  4▼aSystematic  biology
■650  4▼aBioinformatics
■653    ▼aStatistical  genetics
■653    ▼aData  interpretation
■653    ▼aGenomic  data
■653    ▼aQuantitative  trail  loci
■653    ▼aOpioid  use  disorder
■690    ▼a0308
■690    ▼a0369
■690    ▼a0423
■690    ▼a0715
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Michigan▼bBiostatistics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-03B.
■790    ▼a0127
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359940▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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