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Exploring the Variability of Seismic b-Values Using a Relative Amplitude Method for Earthquake Magnitude Reassessment
Exploring the Variability of Seismic b-Values Using a Relative Amplitude Method for Earthq...
Exploring the Variability of Seismic b-Values Using a Relative Amplitude Method for Earthquake Magnitude Reassessment

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105239
ISBN  
9798291568583
DDC  
551
저자명  
Gable, Sydney L.
서명/저자  
Exploring the Variability of Seismic b-Values Using a Relative Amplitude Method for Earthquake Magnitude Reassessment
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Michigan, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
143 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-03, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Huang, Yihe.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (PSHA) is a widely used statistical approach to estimate where and when earthquakes are likely to occur based on the statistics of past seismicity patterns. A critical component of PSHA is the estimation of magnitude recurrence intervals based on the Gutenberg-Richter Law which characterizes the frequency of earthquakes magnitudes and defines the b-value which expresses the relative proportion of small to large events in the magnitude-frequency distribution (MFD). However, the MFD and the b-value are heavily influenced by the accuracy of earthquake magnitude estimates. This research addresses the critical need for high-quality magnitude measurements for small earthquakes by using relative amplitude methods. These improved magnitude estimates are used to examine spatiotemporal variations in b-value for multiple earthquake sequences to improve our understanding of short-term seismic hazard forecasting.Chapters 1 and 2 introduce a generalized methodology to determine relative magnitudes for earthquake sequences which is only dependent on relative amplitude differences between interlinked pairs of waveforms, as well as methods for determining the b-value from the distribution of magnitude differences between successive events.Chapter 3, examines the uncertainty of magnitude results produced from the relative magnitude method through a parameter study on critical variables including thresholds for signal-to-noise ratio and cross-correlation, frequency content filtering, and seismic station selection. We show that signal-to-noise and cross-correlation thresholds limit the number of magnitudes that can be recalculated while bandpass filtering has the largest effect on the variability of magnitude results.Chapter 4, presents a set of coda-envelope moment magnitudes (MW) as a benchmark data set for the relative magnitude method, allowing us to align our relative magnitude measurements to an absolute moment magnitude scale for small earthquakes. We produce moment magnitudes for approximately 80% of the events in the Delaware Basin and demonstrate the capabilities of this method to provide moment magnitude for small earthquakes in regional earthquake catalogs.In Chapter 5, we use an uncalibrated relative magnitude method to reevaluate magnitude estimates for the 2011 Prague, Oklahoma earthquake sequence and calculate the temporal and spatial variations of b-value. We show that b-values during the aftershock sequence are consistently low which demonstrate that the aftershock distribution is skewed towards producing earthquakes of higher magnitude for at least 5 months following the mainshock. Additionally, we show a trend of decreasing b-value along the Meeker-Prague fault as distance from the mainshock increases suggesting that tectonic stress may still exist in areas of low b-value.Finally, in Chapter 6, we apply the relative magnitude method to 6 foreshock sequences in southern California and focus on an in-depth exploration of the spatial and temporal variations in b-value and their sensitivity to parameters such as spatial binning and window length. We show that approximately half of the sequences exhibit a drop in b-value in the months or days prior to a mainshock. We also show that mainshocks frequently occur in areas of low foreshock b-value for single-fault or dense seismicity. This research demonstrates the importance of reliable and transportable magnitude estimation for small earthquakes. With these improved magnitude estimates, we also gain valuable insights into the behavior of seismic sequences through analysis of the spatiotemporal variability of the MFD and b-value.
일반주제명  
Geology
일반주제명  
Geophysics
일반주제명  
Remote sensing
키워드  
Relative magnitudes
키워드  
Small earthquake magnitude estimation
키워드  
b-value
키워드  
Earthquake foreshock sequences
키워드  
Probabilistic seismic hazard assessment
키워드  
Magnitude-frequency distribution
기타저자  
University of Michigan Earth and Environmental Sciences
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-03B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

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■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Michigan,  2025.
■520    ▼aProbabilistic  seismic  hazard  assessment  (PSHA)  is  a  widely  used  statistical  approach  to  estimate  where  and  when  earthquakes  are  likely  to  occur  based  on  the  statistics  of  past  seismicity  patterns.  A  critical  component  of  PSHA  is  the  estimation  of  magnitude  recurrence  intervals  based  on  the  Gutenberg-Richter  Law  which  characterizes  the  frequency  of  earthquakes  magnitudes  and  defines  the  b-value  which  expresses  the  relative  proportion  of  small  to  large  events  in  the  magnitude-frequency  distribution  (MFD).  However,  the  MFD  and  the  b-value  are  heavily  influenced  by  the  accuracy  of  earthquake  magnitude  estimates.  This  research  addresses  the  critical  need  for  high-quality  magnitude  measurements  for  small  earthquakes  by  using  relative  amplitude  methods.  These  improved  magnitude  estimates  are  used  to  examine  spatiotemporal  variations  in  b-value  for  multiple  earthquake  sequences  to  improve  our  understanding  of  short-term  seismic  hazard  forecasting.Chapters  1  and  2  introduce  a  generalized  methodology  to  determine  relative  magnitudes  for  earthquake  sequences  which  is  only  dependent  on  relative  amplitude  differences  between  interlinked  pairs  of  waveforms,  as  well  as  methods  for  determining  the  b-value  from  the  distribution  of  magnitude  differences  between  successive  events.Chapter  3,  examines  the  uncertainty  of  magnitude  results  produced  from  the  relative  magnitude  method  through  a  parameter  study  on  critical  variables  including  thresholds  for  signal-to-noise  ratio  and  cross-correlation,  frequency  content  filtering,  and  seismic  station  selection.  We  show  that  signal-to-noise  and  cross-correlation  thresholds  limit  the  number  of  magnitudes  that  can  be  recalculated  while  bandpass  filtering  has  the  largest  effect  on  the  variability  of  magnitude  results.Chapter  4,  presents  a  set  of  coda-envelope  moment  magnitudes  (MW)  as  a  benchmark  data  set  for  the  relative  magnitude  method,  allowing  us  to  align  our  relative  magnitude  measurements  to  an  absolute  moment  magnitude  scale  for  small  earthquakes.  We  produce  moment  magnitudes  for  approximately  80%  of  the  events  in  the  Delaware  Basin  and  demonstrate  the  capabilities  of  this  method  to  provide  moment  magnitude  for  small  earthquakes  in  regional  earthquake  catalogs.In  Chapter  5,  we  use  an  uncalibrated  relative  magnitude  method  to  reevaluate  magnitude  estimates  for  the  2011  Prague,  Oklahoma  earthquake  sequence  and  calculate  the  temporal  and  spatial  variations  of  b-value.  We  show  that  b-values  during  the  aftershock  sequence  are  consistently  low  which  demonstrate  that  the  aftershock  distribution  is  skewed  towards  producing  earthquakes  of  higher  magnitude  for  at  least  5  months  following  the  mainshock.  Additionally,  we  show  a  trend  of  decreasing  b-value  along  the  Meeker-Prague  fault  as  distance  from  the  mainshock  increases  suggesting  that  tectonic  stress  may  still  exist  in  areas  of  low  b-value.Finally,  in  Chapter  6,  we  apply  the  relative  magnitude  method  to  6  foreshock  sequences  in  southern  California  and  focus  on  an  in-depth  exploration  of  the  spatial  and  temporal  variations  in  b-value  and  their  sensitivity  to  parameters  such  as  spatial  binning  and  window  length.  We  show  that  approximately  half  of  the  sequences  exhibit  a  drop  in  b-value  in  the  months  or  days  prior  to  a  mainshock.  We  also  show  that  mainshocks  frequently  occur  in  areas  of  low  foreshock  b-value  for  single-fault  or  dense  seismicity.  This  research  demonstrates  the  importance  of  reliable  and  transportable  magnitude  estimation  for  small  earthquakes.  With  these  improved  magnitude  estimates,  we  also  gain  valuable  insights  into  the  behavior  of  seismic  sequences  through  analysis  of  the  spatiotemporal  variability  of  the  MFD  and  b-value.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0127.
■650  4▼aGeology
■650  4▼aGeophysics
■650  4▼aRemote  sensing
■653    ▼aRelative  magnitudes
■653    ▼aSmall  earthquake  magnitude  estimation
■653    ▼ab-value
■653    ▼aEarthquake  foreshock  sequences
■653    ▼aProbabilistic  seismic  hazard  assessment
■653    ▼aMagnitude-frequency  distribution
■690    ▼a0372
■690    ▼a0467
■690    ▼a0799
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■71020▼aUniversity  of  Michigan▼bEarth  and  Environmental  Sciences.
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■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359942▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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