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How Does Oligodendrocyte Calcium Signaling Regulate Central Nervous System Myelination?
How Does Oligodendrocyte Calcium Signaling Regulate Central Nervous System Myelination?
How Does Oligodendrocyte Calcium Signaling Regulate Central Nervous System Myelination?

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105621
ISBN  
9798265428530
DDC  
610
저자명  
Iyer, Manasi.
서명/저자  
How Does Oligodendrocyte Calcium Signaling Regulate Central Nervous System Myelination?
발행사항  
[Sl] : Stanford University, 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2023
형태사항  
92 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Zuchero, J.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2023.
초록/해제  
요약In this dissertation, I examine the role of oligodendrocyte calcium signaling in regulating myelination and oligodendrocyte cell biology, both in the context of development and during learning and plasticity. Myelin is essential for rapid nerve signaling is increasingly found to play important roles in learning and in diverse diseases of the CNS. Morphological parameters of myelin such as sheath length and thickness are regulated by neuronal activity and are likely critical for fine-tuning conduction velocity, but the mechanisms controlling sheath morphology are poorly understood.Local calcium signaling has been observed in nascent myelin sheaths and can be modulated by neuronal activity. However, the role of calcium signaling in sheath formation and remodeling is unknown. In this dissertation, I have developed a suite of pharmacological and genetically-encoded tools to attenuate calcium during active myelination in the developing mouse CNS. I found that genetic calcium attenuation did not grossly abrogate myelin formation. Instead, calcium attenuation caused myelin defects: shorter myelin sheaths with abnormal morphology. Mechanistically, I found that dysregulation of myelin morphology was accompanied by reductions in actin filaments, and that an intact actin cytoskeleton was necessary and sufficient to achieve accurate myelin morphology.To follow up on this, I have begun to investigate the role of oligodendrocyte calcium signaling in regulating SNARE-mediated exocytosis. Second, I have found, excitingly, that oligodendrocyte calcium signaling is required for the acquisition of a dexterous forelimb reach task, suggesting that calcium signaling in oligodendrocytes may act as a cell biological bridge between neuronal activity and experience-dependent myelination. Together, my work reveals novel cellular mechanisms required for accurate CNS myelin formation and provides mechanistic insight into how oligodendrocytes may respond to neuronal activity to precisely sculpt myelin sheaths throughout the nervous system.
일반주제명  
Cytoplasm
일반주제명  
Convulsions & seizures
일반주제명  
Epilepsy
일반주제명  
Communication
일반주제명  
Brain
일반주제명  
Neurosciences
일반주제명  
Metabolism
일반주제명  
Potassium
일반주제명  
Cell cycle
일반주제명  
Neurons
일반주제명  
Sodium
일반주제명  
Microscopy
일반주제명  
Travel
일반주제명  
Nervous system
일반주제명  
Spinal cord
일반주제명  
Geometry
일반주제명  
Cellular biology
기타저자  
Stanford University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-05A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

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■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a610
■1001  ▼aIyer,  Manasi.
■24510▼aHow  Does  Oligodendrocyte  Calcium  Signaling  Regulate  Central  Nervous  System  Myelination?
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bStanford  University▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2023
■300    ▼a92  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-05,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Zuchero,  J.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Stanford  University,  2023.
■520    ▼aIn  this  dissertation,  I  examine  the  role  of  oligodendrocyte  calcium  signaling  in  regulating  myelination  and  oligodendrocyte  cell  biology,  both  in  the  context  of  development  and  during  learning  and  plasticity.  Myelin  is  essential  for  rapid  nerve  signaling  is  increasingly  found  to  play  important  roles  in  learning  and  in  diverse  diseases  of  the  CNS.  Morphological  parameters  of  myelin  such  as  sheath  length  and  thickness  are  regulated  by  neuronal  activity  and  are  likely  critical  for  fine-tuning  conduction  velocity,  but  the  mechanisms  controlling  sheath  morphology  are  poorly  understood.Local  calcium  signaling  has  been  observed  in  nascent  myelin  sheaths  and  can  be  modulated  by  neuronal  activity.  However,  the  role  of  calcium  signaling  in  sheath  formation  and  remodeling  is  unknown.  In  this  dissertation,  I  have  developed  a  suite  of  pharmacological  and  genetically-encoded  tools  to  attenuate  calcium  during  active  myelination  in  the  developing  mouse  CNS.  I  found  that  genetic  calcium  attenuation  did  not  grossly  abrogate  myelin  formation.  Instead,  calcium  attenuation  caused  myelin  defects:  shorter  myelin  sheaths  with  abnormal  morphology.  Mechanistically,  I  found  that  dysregulation  of  myelin  morphology  was  accompanied  by  reductions  in  actin  filaments,  and  that  an  intact  actin  cytoskeleton  was  necessary  and  sufficient  to  achieve  accurate  myelin  morphology.To  follow  up  on  this,  I  have  begun  to  investigate  the  role  of  oligodendrocyte  calcium  signaling  in  regulating  SNARE-mediated  exocytosis.  Second,  I  have  found,  excitingly,  that  oligodendrocyte  calcium  signaling  is  required  for  the  acquisition  of  a  dexterous  forelimb  reach  task,  suggesting  that  calcium  signaling  in  oligodendrocytes  may  act  as  a  cell  biological  bridge  between  neuronal  activity  and  experience-dependent  myelination.  Together,  my  work  reveals  novel  cellular  mechanisms  required  for  accurate  CNS  myelin  formation  and  provides  mechanistic  insight  into  how  oligodendrocytes  may  respond  to  neuronal  activity  to  precisely  sculpt  myelin  sheaths  throughout  the  nervous  system.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0212.
■650  4▼aCytoplasm
■650  4▼aConvulsions  &  seizures
■650  4▼aEpilepsy
■650  4▼aCommunication
■650  4▼aBrain
■650  4▼aNeurosciences
■650  4▼aMetabolism
■650  4▼aPotassium
■650  4▼aCell  cycle
■650  4▼aNeurons
■650  4▼aSodium
■650  4▼aMicroscopy
■650  4▼aTravel
■650  4▼aNervous  system
■650  4▼aSpinal  cord
■650  4▼aGeometry
■650  4▼aCellular  biology
■690    ▼a0459
■690    ▼a0317
■690    ▼a0379
■690    ▼a0801
■71020▼aStanford  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-05A.
■790    ▼a0212
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360799▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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