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Mechanisms of Enhancement of Antibody Responses by Escalating Dose Immunization in Mice
Mechanisms of Enhancement of Antibody Responses by Escalating Dose Immunization in Mice
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260311091509.5
- ISBN
- 9798315715368
- DDC
- 572
- 서명/저자
- Mechanisms of Enhancement of Antibody Responses by Escalating Dose Immunization in Mice / Goda Baddage Rakitha Dilshan Malewana
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : Duke University, 2025
- 형태사항
- 1 electronic resource (215 pages)
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-11, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisors: Saunders, Kevin O.; Haynes, Barton F. Committee members: Kelsoe, Garnett H.; Moseman, E. Ashley; Coyne, Carolyn B.
- 학위논문주기
- - Ph.D. : Duke University, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Vaccination strategies targeting complex pathogens like HIV-1 require optimization to improve immune responses, particularly for subdominant epitopes. The HIV-1 fusion peptide (FP) epitope, a region of the HIV-1 envelope, is considered subdominant due to the much lower antibody titers it typically elicits in comparison to other dominant epitopes of the virus. It has been previously shown that slow-release immunization using nonmechanical osmotic pumps induces higher HIV-1 FP-specific antibody titers compared to conventional bolus immunization. A key question, therefore, is how slow-release immunization preferentially enhances antibody responses to subdominant epitopes like HIV-1 FP. While the effects of slow-release immunization on dendritic cells (DCs), T cells, and B cells have been described, the precise immunological mechanisms driving the induction of FP-specific antibodies - especially in terms of epitope specificity- remain poorly understood.This study elucidates the immunological mechanisms underlying the slow-release immunization method, escalating dose (ESD), where the gradual release of progressively higher vaccine doses enhances FP-specific antibody responses. I hypothesize that ESD enhances FP-specific antibody responses by skewing the immune response toward a Th2 phenotype, which promotes B cell activation and antibody production. To test this hypothesis, using a Helicobacter pylori ferritin nanoparticle-based HIV FP immunogen, I investigated how ESD modulates DC cell migration, dendritic cell subpopulations, Th1/Th2 polarization, and the expansion of FP-specific B cells in secondary lymphoid tissues. Additionally, I measured HIV-specific serum antibodies to assess the impact of ESD on early antibody responses and immunoglobulin subclass production.I found that ESD immunization significantly increased the frequency of migratory conventional DC (cDC) populations, including CCR7+ cDC1, cDC2, and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), which are essential for efficient antigen presentation and CD4+ T cell priming. These DC subsets promoted a Th2-biased immune response, characterized by elevated IL-4, IL-10, and GATA-3 expression in CD4+ T cells. Mouse strains expressing low levels of class II molecules (I-Ad and I-Ak), potentially through a Th2 pathway, elicit a stronger HIV FP antibody response, while strains with high class II expression (I-Ab), likely via a Th1 pathway, exhibit a weaker response. Notably, Th2-skewed environment was associated with a preferential expansion of HIV FP-specific B cells, particularly in the extrafollicular (EF) compartment, which is known for rapid, early antibody production. Crucially, ESD immunization preferentially enhanced antibody responses to the HIV FP epitope, with a marked increase in FP-specific antibody titers compared to conventional bolus immunization. This enhancement was selective for the subdominant FP epitope, as responses to the dominant ferritin nanoparticle epitope were similar between both regimens. The expansion of FP-specific B cells in the EF compartment suggests that ESD drives a shift toward early, robust antibody production targeting non-dominant epitopes without compromising responses to dominant epitopes.In conclusion, these findings provide mechanistic insights into how ESD immunization selectively enhances immune responses to subdominant epitopes like HIV FP. By modulating DC migration, T cell differentiation, and B cell activation, ESD promotes a Th2-biased environment that favors rapid antibody responses to non-dominant epitopes. These results highlight the potential of ESD as a strategy for improving vaccine efficacy by modulating epitope specificity and enhancing responses to subdominant epitopes in the development of next-generation HIV vaccines.
- 언어주기
- English
- 일반주제명
- Immunology
- 일반주제명
- Cellular biology
- 일반주제명
- Health sciences
- 키워드
- Extrafollicular
- 키워드
- Fusion peptide
- 기타저자
- Duke University Immunology
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-11B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■1001 ▼aMalewana, Goda Baddage Rakitha Dilshan▼eauthor.
■24510▼aMechanisms of Enhancement of Antibody Responses by Escalating Dose Immunization in Mice ▼cGoda Baddage Rakitha Dilshan Malewana
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bDuke University▼c2025
■264 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a1 electronic resource (215 pages)
■336 ▼atext▼btxt▼2rdacontent
■337 ▼acomputer▼bc▼2rdamedia
■338 ▼aonline resource▼bcr▼2rdacarrier
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-11, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisors: Saunders, Kevin O.; Haynes, Barton F. Committee members: Kelsoe, Garnett H.; Moseman, E. Ashley; Coyne, Carolyn B.
■5021 ▼bPh.D.▼cDuke University▼d2025.
■520 ▼aVaccination strategies targeting complex pathogens like HIV-1 require optimization to improve immune responses, particularly for subdominant epitopes. The HIV-1 fusion peptide (FP) epitope, a region of the HIV-1 envelope, is considered subdominant due to the much lower antibody titers it typically elicits in comparison to other dominant epitopes of the virus. It has been previously shown that slow-release immunization using nonmechanical osmotic pumps induces higher HIV-1 FP-specific antibody titers compared to conventional bolus immunization. A key question, therefore, is how slow-release immunization preferentially enhances antibody responses to subdominant epitopes like HIV-1 FP. While the effects of slow-release immunization on dendritic cells (DCs), T cells, and B cells have been described, the precise immunological mechanisms driving the induction of FP-specific antibodies - especially in terms of epitope specificity- remain poorly understood.This study elucidates the immunological mechanisms underlying the slow-release immunization method, escalating dose (ESD), where the gradual release of progressively higher vaccine doses enhances FP-specific antibody responses. I hypothesize that ESD enhances FP-specific antibody responses by skewing the immune response toward a Th2 phenotype, which promotes B cell activation and antibody production. To test this hypothesis, using a Helicobacter pylori ferritin nanoparticle-based HIV FP immunogen, I investigated how ESD modulates DC cell migration, dendritic cell subpopulations, Th1/Th2 polarization, and the expansion of FP-specific B cells in secondary lymphoid tissues. Additionally, I measured HIV-specific serum antibodies to assess the impact of ESD on early antibody responses and immunoglobulin subclass production.I found that ESD immunization significantly increased the frequency of migratory conventional DC (cDC) populations, including CCR7+ cDC1, cDC2, and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), which are essential for efficient antigen presentation and CD4+ T cell priming. These DC subsets promoted a Th2-biased immune response, characterized by elevated IL-4, IL-10, and GATA-3 expression in CD4+ T cells. Mouse strains expressing low levels of class II molecules (I-Ad and I-Ak), potentially through a Th2 pathway, elicit a stronger HIV FP antibody response, while strains with high class II expression (I-Ab), likely via a Th1 pathway, exhibit a weaker response. Notably, Th2-skewed environment was associated with a preferential expansion of HIV FP-specific B cells, particularly in the extrafollicular (EF) compartment, which is known for rapid, early antibody production. Crucially, ESD immunization preferentially enhanced antibody responses to the HIV FP epitope, with a marked increase in FP-specific antibody titers compared to conventional bolus immunization. This enhancement was selective for the subdominant FP epitope, as responses to the dominant ferritin nanoparticle epitope were similar between both regimens. The expansion of FP-specific B cells in the EF compartment suggests that ESD drives a shift toward early, robust antibody production targeting non-dominant epitopes without compromising responses to dominant epitopes.In conclusion, these findings provide mechanistic insights into how ESD immunization selectively enhances immune responses to subdominant epitopes like HIV FP. By modulating DC migration, T cell differentiation, and B cell activation, ESD promotes a Th2-biased environment that favors rapid antibody responses to non-dominant epitopes. These results highlight the potential of ESD as a strategy for improving vaccine efficacy by modulating epitope specificity and enhancing responses to subdominant epitopes in the development of next-generation HIV vaccines.
■546 ▼aEnglish
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0066
■650 4▼aImmunology
■650 4▼aCellular biology
■650 4▼aHealth sciences
■653 ▼aExtrafollicular
■653 ▼aVaccination strategies
■653 ▼aFusion peptide
■7102 ▼aDuke University▼bImmunology.▼edegree granting institution.
■7201 ▼aSaunders, Kevin O.▼edegree supervisor.
■7201 ▼aHaynes, Barton F.▼edegree supervisor.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g86-11B.
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17356565▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


