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Loss of JAK1 Function Causes Radioresistance and G2/M Cell Cycle Defects Vulnerable to Kif18a Inhibition
Loss of JAK1 Function Causes Radioresistance and G2/M Cell Cycle Defects Vulnerable to Kif...
Loss of JAK1 Function Causes Radioresistance and G2/M Cell Cycle Defects Vulnerable to Kif18a Inhibition

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260311091512.5
ISBN  
9798286444960
DDC  
572.6
저자명  
Kelley, Vanessa Martine
서명/저자  
Loss of JAK1 Function Causes Radioresistance and G2/M Cell Cycle Defects Vulnerable to Kif18a Inhibition / Vanessa Martine Kelley
발행사항  
[Sl] : Yale University, 2025
형태사항  
1 electronic resource (146 pages)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisors: Contessa, Joseph Committee members: Turk, Benjamin E.; Anderson, Karen S.; King, Megan; Kimple, Randy.
학위논문주기  
- Ph.D. : Yale University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Although Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) is the seventh most common cancer worldwide, the high failure rates and the absence of new effective therapies has caused the survival rate for HNSCC to remain stagnant for the past decade. As radiation is a frontline treatment for HNSCC, we sought to uncover novel targets that affect cellular responses to radiation-induced DNA damage. To do this, we performed a CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screen in HNSCC cell lines using radiation as a selection pressure. Our results identified that loss of Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) caused resistance to radiation in Cal27 and Detroit562 HNSCC cell lines. We generated JAK1 knockout (KO) cell lines and confirmed that loss of JAK1 causes radioresistance in both in vitro and in vivo models by enhancing the DNA damage induced G2 cell cycle arrest and by slowing mitosis. We find that this enhanced G2 arrest allows the cells to avoid mitotic stress and mitotic catastrophe following radiation treatment, thereby promoting cell survival. We measure multiple cellular outcomes of this enhanced G2 arrest that further contribute to the radioresistance of the JAK1 KO cells including decreased micronuclei formation, a reduction in apoptotic signaling, and enhanced homologous recombination dependent DNA repair usage.We endeavored to overcome the radioresistance in the JAK1 KO cells by abrogating their enhanced G2 arrest using Wee1 inhibitors, which lead to constitutive activation of CDK1. To our surprise, treatment with the Wee1 inhibitor adavosertib was unable reverse the prolonged G2 arrest in the JAK1 KO cells despite efficacy in controls and sufficient dephosphorylation of Y15 in CDK1. This indicated that a signaling axis outside of the canonical CDK1-dependent checkpoint is responsible for the enhanced G2 arrest of the JAK1 KO cells. We find delayed activation of Aurora kinase A (AURKA) and Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) in the JAK1 KO cells, consistent with reports that AURKA and PLK1 reactivation are necessary to overcome a DNA damage induced G2 arrest. Given the inability to abrogate the prolonged JAK1 KO G2 arrest by activating CDK1, we sought to exploit this enhanced G2 phenotype for therapeutic benefit. Kif18a is a kinesin that is involved with the maintenance of complex genomes and mitotic spindle tension. As cells with 2N genomes have been reported to be sensitive to Kif18a inhibition, we tested the specific Kif18a inhibitor sovilnesib in both in vitro and in vivo JAK1 KO models. Indeed, we found that addition of sovilnesib to radiation treatment radio sensitized JAK1 KO cells and xenograft tumors, providing therapeutic recourse for this resistant population. Together, our results reveal a novel role for JAK1 in regulating cell cycle progression and the cellular response to radiation treatment, as well as identify a novel therapeutic approach to target these resistant cells.
언어주기  
English
일반주제명  
Cellular biology
일반주제명  
Pharmacology
일반주제명  
Oncology
일반주제명  
Molecular biology
키워드  
Cancer
키워드  
Cell cycle
키워드  
Mitosis
키워드  
Radioresistance
키워드  
Janus kinase 1
기타저자  
Yale University Pharmacology
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-12B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

 008260311s2025        us                                    eng  d
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■040    ▼aMiAaPQD▼beng▼cMiAaPQD▼erda
■082    ▼a572.6
■1001  ▼aKelley,  Vanessa  Martine▼eauthor.
■24510▼aLoss  of  JAK1  Function  Causes  Radioresistance  and  G2/M  Cell  Cycle  Defects  Vulnerable  to  Kif18a  Inhibition  ▼cVanessa  Martine  Kelley
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bYale  University▼c2025
■264  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a1  electronic  resource  (146  pages)
■336    ▼atext▼btxt▼2rdacontent
■337    ▼acomputer▼bc▼2rdamedia
■338    ▼aonline  resource▼bcr▼2rdacarrier
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-12,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisors:  Contessa,  Joseph    Committee  members:  Turk,  Benjamin  E.;  Anderson,  Karen  S.;  King,  Megan;  Kimple,  Randy.
■5021  ▼bPh.D.▼cYale  University▼d2025.
■520    ▼aAlthough  Head  and  Neck  Squamous  Cell  Carcinoma  (HNSCC)  is  the  seventh  most  common  cancer  worldwide,  the  high  failure  rates  and  the  absence  of  new  effective  therapies  has  caused  the  survival  rate  for  HNSCC  to  remain  stagnant  for  the  past  decade.  As  radiation  is  a  frontline  treatment  for  HNSCC,  we  sought  to  uncover  novel  targets  that  affect  cellular  responses  to  radiation-induced  DNA  damage.  To  do  this,  we  performed  a  CRISPR-Cas9  knockout  screen  in  HNSCC  cell  lines  using  radiation  as  a  selection  pressure.  Our  results  identified  that  loss  of  Janus  kinase  1  (JAK1)  caused  resistance  to  radiation  in  Cal27  and  Detroit562  HNSCC  cell  lines.  We  generated  JAK1  knockout  (KO)  cell  lines  and  confirmed  that  loss  of  JAK1  causes  radioresistance  in  both  in  vitro  and  in  vivo  models  by  enhancing  the  DNA  damage  induced  G2  cell  cycle  arrest  and  by  slowing  mitosis.  We  find  that  this  enhanced  G2  arrest  allows  the  cells  to  avoid  mitotic  stress  and  mitotic  catastrophe  following  radiation  treatment,  thereby  promoting  cell  survival.  We  measure  multiple  cellular  outcomes  of  this  enhanced  G2  arrest  that  further  contribute  to  the  radioresistance  of  the  JAK1  KO  cells  including  decreased  micronuclei  formation,  a  reduction  in  apoptotic  signaling,  and  enhanced  homologous  recombination  dependent  DNA  repair  usage.We  endeavored  to  overcome  the  radioresistance  in  the  JAK1  KO  cells  by  abrogating  their  enhanced  G2  arrest  using  Wee1  inhibitors,  which  lead  to  constitutive  activation  of  CDK1.  To  our  surprise,  treatment  with  the  Wee1  inhibitor  adavosertib  was  unable  reverse  the  prolonged  G2  arrest  in  the  JAK1  KO  cells  despite  efficacy  in  controls  and  sufficient  dephosphorylation  of  Y15  in  CDK1.  This  indicated  that  a  signaling  axis  outside  of  the  canonical  CDK1-dependent  checkpoint  is  responsible  for  the  enhanced  G2  arrest  of  the  JAK1  KO  cells.  We  find  delayed  activation  of  Aurora  kinase  A  (AURKA)  and  Polo-like  kinase  1  (PLK1)  in  the  JAK1  KO  cells,  consistent  with  reports  that  AURKA  and  PLK1  reactivation  are  necessary  to  overcome  a  DNA  damage  induced  G2  arrest.  Given  the  inability  to  abrogate  the  prolonged  JAK1  KO  G2  arrest  by  activating  CDK1,  we  sought  to  exploit  this  enhanced  G2  phenotype  for  therapeutic  benefit.  Kif18a  is  a  kinesin  that  is  involved  with  the  maintenance  of  complex  genomes  and  mitotic  spindle  tension.  As  cells  with  2N  genomes  have  been  reported  to  be  sensitive  to  Kif18a  inhibition,  we  tested  the  specific  Kif18a  inhibitor  sovilnesib  in  both  in  vitro  and  in  vivo  JAK1  KO  models.  Indeed,  we  found  that  addition  of  sovilnesib  to  radiation  treatment  radio  sensitized  JAK1  KO  cells  and  xenograft  tumors,  providing  therapeutic  recourse  for  this  resistant  population.  Together,  our  results  reveal  a  novel  role  for  JAK1  in  regulating  cell  cycle  progression  and  the  cellular  response  to  radiation  treatment,  as  well  as  identify  a  novel  therapeutic  approach  to  target  these  resistant  cells.
■546    ▼aEnglish
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0265
■650  4▼aCellular  biology
■650  4▼aPharmacology
■650  4▼aOncology
■650  4▼aMolecular  biology
■653    ▼aCancer
■653    ▼aCell  cycle
■653    ▼aMitosis
■653    ▼aRadioresistance
■653    ▼aJanus  kinase  1
■7102  ▼aYale  University▼bPharmacology.▼edegree  granting  institution.
■7201  ▼aContessa,  Joseph▼edegree  supervisor.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-12B.
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17356752▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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