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Statistical Approaches to Heterogeneity in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias
Statistical Approaches to Heterogeneity in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias  / El...
Statistical Approaches to Heterogeneity in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260311091514.5
ISBN  
9798286425334
DDC  
610.72
저자명  
Pirraglia, Elizabeth
서명/저자  
Statistical Approaches to Heterogeneity in Alzheimers Disease and Related Dementias / Elizabeth Pirraglia
발행사항  
[Sl] : New York University, 2025
형태사항  
1 electronic resource (150 pages)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisors: Shao, Yongzhao; Troxel, Andrea Committee members: Anthopolos, Rebecca; Betensky, Rebecca; Glodzik, Lidia; Hu, Jiyuan; Osorio, Ricardo.
학위논문주기  
- Ph.D. : New York University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD) is an umbrella term for numerous progressive neurocognitive disorders that impair memory, cognition, and behavior. While research has advanced our general understanding of these disorders, important challenges remain, particularly in accurately diagnosing subtypes, identifying specific disease mechanisms, and designing effective, personalized treatments. These difficulties are compounded by the clinical and biological heterogeneity of ADRD, as well as the limitations of available data and conventional analytic methods. This dissertation seeks to address these gaps by improving diagnostic precision, leveraging flexible statistical models to better capture disease complexity, and introducing innovative approaches for integrating data across diverse research cohorts.A major challenge in ADRD research stems from the diagnostic inconsistencies across ADRD subtypes, including the underdiagnosis of coexisting pathologies in mixed dementia. These diagnostic gaps obstruct efforts to identify subtype-specific biomarkers and hinder the development of interventions tailored to individual disease trajectories. This dissertation quantifies the extent of underdiagnosis and investigates how key risk factors, such as age and the variance of the APOE gene, differentially contribute to the development of various ADRD subtypes, offering new insights into the complexity of disease presentation and progression.In addition to diagnostic challenges, most studies focus exclusively on individual dementia types, neglecting the significant comorbidity and heterogeneity inherent to ADRD. This model misspecification risks producing biased findings, particularly in research on mortality and aging-related diseases where heterogeneous comorbid conditions are prevalent and non-negligible. Flexible statistical models, such as competing risks survival models, are necessary to address this complexity by analyzing multiple time-to-event outcomes simultaneously. However, the development and application of competing risks and other flexible statistical models in dementia research remain underutilized. By employing competing risks survival models, this study evaluates the varying effects of APOE on mortality across ADRD subtypes identified through analysis of post-mortem neuropathology data. The findings reveal that the influence of APOE on mortality can differ substantially between subgroups, with significantly opposing trends that would be masked in all-cause mortality analyses.The focus on individual dementia types also hinders the identification of biomarkers of different ADRD subtypes, particularly in cases with mixed dementia pathologies. To reliably diagnose mixed dementia, exploring combinations of specific biomarkers is crucial. However, comprehensive datasets containing post-mortem neuropathology in addition to imaging and fluid biomarker data, are scarce. To bridge this gap, an approach called "Multi-Cohort Bridging" is introduced. This approach is designed to link large reference cohorts with neuropathological outcomes to smaller cohorts with diverse biomarker data, enabling more robust analyses.Together, these contributions advance the understanding of mixed dementia, enhance methods for capturing ADRD heterogeneity, and support the development of more accurate diagnostic tools and personalized treatment strategies.
언어주기  
English
일반주제명  
Biostatistics
일반주제명  
Aging
일반주제명  
Pathology
일반주제명  
Neurosciences
키워드  
APOE gene
키워드  
Biomarkers
키워드  
Competing risks
키워드  
Etiology
키워드  
Mixed dementia
키워드  
Multi-Cohort Bridging
기타저자  
New York University Basic Medical Science
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-12B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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 008260311s2025        us                                    eng  d
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■020    ▼a9798286425334
■040    ▼aMiAaPQD▼beng▼cMiAaPQD▼erda
■082    ▼a610.72
■1001  ▼aPirraglia,  Elizabeth▼eauthor.
■24510▼aStatistical  Approaches  to  Heterogeneity  in  Alzheimer's  Disease  and  Related  Dementias  ▼cElizabeth  Pirraglia
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bNew  York  University▼c2025
■264  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a1  electronic  resource  (150  pages)
■336    ▼atext▼btxt▼2rdacontent
■337    ▼acomputer▼bc▼2rdamedia
■338    ▼aonline  resource▼bcr▼2rdacarrier
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-12,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisors:  Shao,  Yongzhao;  Troxel,  Andrea    Committee  members:  Anthopolos,  Rebecca;  Betensky,  Rebecca;  Glodzik,  Lidia;  Hu,  Jiyuan;  Osorio,  Ricardo.
■5021  ▼bPh.D.▼cNew  York  University▼d2025.
■520    ▼aAlzheimer's  Disease  and  Related  Dementias  (ADRD)  is  an  umbrella  term  for  numerous  progressive  neurocognitive  disorders  that  impair  memory,  cognition,  and  behavior.  While  research  has  advanced  our  general  understanding  of  these  disorders,  important  challenges  remain,  particularly  in  accurately  diagnosing  subtypes,  identifying  specific  disease  mechanisms,  and  designing  effective,  personalized  treatments.  These  difficulties  are  compounded  by  the  clinical  and  biological  heterogeneity  of  ADRD,  as  well  as  the  limitations  of  available  data  and  conventional  analytic  methods.  This  dissertation  seeks  to  address  these  gaps  by  improving  diagnostic  precision,  leveraging  flexible  statistical  models  to  better  capture  disease  complexity,  and  introducing  innovative  approaches  for  integrating  data  across  diverse  research  cohorts.A  major  challenge  in  ADRD  research  stems  from  the  diagnostic  inconsistencies  across  ADRD  subtypes,  including  the  underdiagnosis  of  coexisting  pathologies  in  mixed  dementia.  These  diagnostic  gaps  obstruct  efforts  to  identify  subtype-specific  biomarkers  and  hinder  the  development  of  interventions  tailored  to  individual  disease  trajectories.  This  dissertation  quantifies  the  extent  of  underdiagnosis  and  investigates  how  key  risk  factors,  such  as  age  and  the  variance  of  the  APOE  gene,  differentially  contribute  to  the  development  of  various  ADRD  subtypes,  offering  new  insights  into  the  complexity  of  disease  presentation  and  progression.In  addition  to  diagnostic  challenges,  most  studies  focus  exclusively  on  individual  dementia  types,  neglecting  the  significant  comorbidity  and  heterogeneity  inherent  to  ADRD.  This  model  misspecification  risks  producing  biased  findings,  particularly  in  research  on  mortality  and  aging-related  diseases  where  heterogeneous  comorbid  conditions  are  prevalent  and  non-negligible.  Flexible  statistical  models,  such  as  competing  risks  survival  models,  are  necessary  to  address  this  complexity  by  analyzing  multiple  time-to-event  outcomes  simultaneously.  However,  the  development  and  application  of  competing  risks  and  other  flexible  statistical  models  in  dementia  research  remain  underutilized.  By  employing  competing  risks  survival  models,  this  study  evaluates  the  varying  effects  of  APOE  on  mortality  across  ADRD  subtypes  identified  through  analysis  of  post-mortem  neuropathology  data.  The  findings  reveal  that  the  influence  of  APOE  on  mortality  can  differ  substantially  between  subgroups,  with  significantly  opposing  trends  that  would  be  masked  in  all-cause  mortality  analyses.The  focus  on  individual  dementia  types  also  hinders  the  identification  of  biomarkers  of  different  ADRD  subtypes,  particularly  in  cases  with  mixed  dementia  pathologies.  To  reliably  diagnose  mixed  dementia,  exploring  combinations  of  specific  biomarkers  is  crucial.  However,  comprehensive  datasets  containing  post-mortem  neuropathology  in  addition  to  imaging  and  fluid  biomarker  data,  are  scarce.  To  bridge  this  gap,  an  approach  called  "Multi-Cohort  Bridging"  is  introduced.  This  approach  is  designed  to  link  large  reference  cohorts  with  neuropathological  outcomes  to  smaller  cohorts  with  diverse  biomarker  data,  enabling  more  robust  analyses.Together,  these  contributions  advance  the  understanding  of  mixed  dementia,  enhance  methods  for  capturing  ADRD  heterogeneity,  and  support  the  development  of  more  accurate  diagnostic  tools  and  personalized  treatment  strategies.
■546    ▼aEnglish
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0146
■650  4▼aBiostatistics
■650  4▼aAging
■650  4▼aPathology
■650  4▼aNeurosciences
■653    ▼aAPOE  gene
■653    ▼aBiomarkers
■653    ▼aCompeting  risks
■653    ▼aEtiology
■653    ▼aMixed  dementia
■653    ▼aMulti-Cohort  Bridging
■7102  ▼aNew  York  University▼bBasic  Medical  Science.▼edegree  granting  institution.
■7201  ▼aShao,  Yongzhao▼edegree  supervisor.
■7201  ▼aTroxel,  Andrea▼edegree  supervisor.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-12B.
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17356798▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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