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Characterizing the Structure and Dynamics of Adaptive Immune Proteins to Inform Immunotherapy Design
Characterizing the Structure and Dynamics of Adaptive Immune Proteins to Inform Immunother...
Characterizing the Structure and Dynamics of Adaptive Immune Proteins to Inform Immunotherapy Design

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260311091508.5
ISBN  
9798280760233
DDC  
616
저자명  
Woodward, Helen LeClair
서명/저자  
Characterizing the Structure and Dynamics of Adaptive Immune Proteins to Inform Immunotherapy Design / Helen LeClair Woodward
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Pennsylvania, 2025
형태사항  
1 electronic resource (171 pages)
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisors: Sgourakis, Nikolaos G. Committee members: Bowman, Gregory R.; Lynch, Kristen W.; Rhoades, Elizabeth; Spangler, Jamie B.; Sharp, Kim A.
학위논문주기  
- Ph.D. : University of Pennsylvania, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Human interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a crucial cytokine for T cell regulation, with therapeutic potential in cancer and autoimmune diseases. However, IL-2's pleiotropic effects across different immune cell types often lead to toxicity and limited efficacy. The first study in this thesis presents a detailed characterization of IL-2 dynamics compared to two engineered IL-2 mutants, "superkines" S15 and S1, which exhibit biased signaling towards effector T cells. Using NMR spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations, we demonstrate significant variations in core dynamic landscapes across the three variants. Furthermore, we rationally design a mutation (L56A) in the S1 core network, which partially reverts its dynamics, receptor binding affinity, and T cell signaling behavior. Our results suggest that modulating IL-2 dynamics is an untapped approach for designing immunotherapies with improved immune cell selectivity profiles.The intrinsic instability and inconsistent T cell receptor binding mode of the class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC-I) are fundamental challenges that hinder development of therapeutics. The second study leverages the positive allosteric coupling between the peptide and β2m subunits of MHC-I by engineering a disulfide bond bridging conserved epitopes across the HC/β2m interface to generate stable, peptide-receptive molecules. Using solution NMR, we demonstrate that the disulfide bond induces long-range conformational and dynamical changes in the α2-1 helix., indicating that the interchain disulfide bond stabilizes MHC-I molecules in an open conformation to promote peptide exchange. In the third study, we demonstrate the application of a designed MHC-I design, SMART A*02:01, for solution mapping of the A6c134 TCR docking footprint using NMR spectroscopy. We establish that the use of our engineered construct recapitulates the native conformation of the MHC-I peptide binding groove and accurately detects the critical binding sites on SMART A*02:01 that engage A6c134. Our approach allows for high-resolution mapping of TCR/MHC-I interactions, alleviating the need for complete structure elucidation, and may be paired with computational modeling approaches for structure-guided optimization and clinical development.Taken together, solution NMR techniques provide high-resolution insights into protein structure and conformational dynamics. Furthermore, these efforts highlight the application of NMR analyses to inform rational protein design and guide the development of diagnostics and therapeutics.
언어주기  
English
일반주제명  
Biophysics
일반주제명  
Immunology
일반주제명  
Biochemistry
일반주제명  
Cellular biology
키워드  
Interleukin-2
키워드  
Major histocompatibility complex
키워드  
Nuclear magnetic resonance
키워드  
T cell receptors
키워드  
Cytokines
기타저자  
University of Pennsylvania Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-12B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aWoodward,  Helen  LeClair▼eauthor.
■24510▼aCharacterizing  the  Structure  and  Dynamics  of  Adaptive  Immune  Proteins  to  Inform  Immunotherapy  Design  ▼cHelen  LeClair  Woodward
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Pennsylvania▼c2025
■264  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a1  electronic  resource  (171  pages)
■336    ▼atext▼btxt▼2rdacontent
■337    ▼acomputer▼bc▼2rdamedia
■338    ▼aonline  resource▼bcr▼2rdacarrier
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-12,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisors:  Sgourakis,  Nikolaos  G.    Committee  members:  Bowman,  Gregory  R.;  Lynch,  Kristen  W.;  Rhoades,  Elizabeth;  Spangler,  Jamie  B.;  Sharp,  Kim  A.
■5021  ▼bPh.D.▼cUniversity  of  Pennsylvania▼d2025.
■520    ▼aHuman  interleukin-2  (IL-2)  is  a  crucial  cytokine  for  T  cell  regulation,  with  therapeutic  potential  in  cancer  and  autoimmune  diseases.  However,  IL-2's  pleiotropic  effects  across  different  immune  cell  types  often  lead  to  toxicity  and  limited  efficacy.  The  first  study  in  this  thesis  presents  a  detailed  characterization  of  IL-2  dynamics  compared  to  two  engineered  IL-2  mutants,  "superkines"  S15  and  S1,  which  exhibit  biased  signaling  towards  effector  T  cells.  Using  NMR  spectroscopy  and  molecular  dynamics  simulations,  we  demonstrate  significant  variations  in  core  dynamic  landscapes  across  the  three  variants.  Furthermore,  we  rationally  design  a  mutation  (L56A)  in  the  S1  core  network,  which  partially  reverts  its  dynamics,  receptor  binding  affinity,  and  T  cell  signaling  behavior.  Our  results  suggest  that  modulating  IL-2  dynamics  is  an  untapped  approach  for  designing  immunotherapies  with  improved  immune  cell  selectivity  profiles.The  intrinsic  instability  and  inconsistent  T  cell  receptor  binding  mode  of  the  class  I  major  histocompatibility  complex  (MHC-I)  are  fundamental  challenges  that  hinder  development  of  therapeutics.  The  second  study  leverages  the  positive  allosteric  coupling  between  the  peptide  and  β2m  subunits  of  MHC-I  by  engineering  a  disulfide  bond  bridging  conserved  epitopes  across  the  HC/β2m  interface  to  generate  stable,  peptide-receptive  molecules.  Using  solution  NMR,  we  demonstrate  that  the  disulfide  bond  induces  long-range  conformational  and  dynamical  changes  in  the  α2-1  helix.,  indicating  that  the  interchain  disulfide  bond  stabilizes  MHC-I  molecules  in  an  open  conformation  to  promote  peptide  exchange.  In  the  third  study,  we  demonstrate  the  application  of  a  designed  MHC-I  design,  SMART  A*02:01,  for  solution  mapping  of  the  A6c134  TCR  docking  footprint  using  NMR  spectroscopy.  We  establish  that  the  use  of  our  engineered  construct  recapitulates  the  native  conformation  of  the  MHC-I  peptide  binding  groove  and  accurately  detects  the  critical  binding  sites  on  SMART  A*02:01  that  engage  A6c134.  Our  approach  allows  for  high-resolution  mapping  of  TCR/MHC-I  interactions,  alleviating  the  need  for  complete  structure  elucidation,  and  may  be  paired  with  computational  modeling  approaches  for  structure-guided  optimization  and  clinical  development.Taken  together,  solution  NMR  techniques  provide  high-resolution  insights  into  protein  structure  and  conformational  dynamics.  Furthermore,  these  efforts  highlight  the  application  of  NMR  analyses  to  inform  rational  protein  design  and  guide  the  development  of  diagnostics  and  therapeutics.
■546    ▼aEnglish
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0175
■650  4▼aBiophysics
■650  4▼aImmunology
■650  4▼aBiochemistry
■650  4▼aCellular  biology
■653    ▼aInterleukin-2
■653    ▼aMajor  histocompatibility  complex
■653    ▼aNuclear  magnetic  resonance
■653    ▼aT  cell  receptors
■653    ▼aCytokines
■7102  ▼aUniversity  of  Pennsylvania▼bBiochemistry  and  Molecular  Biophysics.▼edegree  granting  institution.
■7201  ▼aSgourakis,  Nikolaos  G.▼edegree  supervisor.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-12B.
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17356998▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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