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Identifying the Spatiotemporal Distribution and Functions of Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes During Acute Pneumonia
Identifying the Spatiotemporal Distribution and Functions of Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes During Acute Pneumonia
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260311091459.5
- ISBN
- 9798315799801
- DDC
- 616
- 서명/저자
- Identifying the Spatiotemporal Distribution and Functions of Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes During Acute Pneumonia / Maureen Elizabeth Haynes
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : Northwestern University, 2025
- 형태사항
- 1 electronic resource (194 pages)
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-12, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisors: Muller, William A. Committee members: Gottardi, Cara; Sporn, Peter; Budinger, GR Scott.
- 학위논문주기
- - Ph.D. : Northwestern University, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Inflammation underlies the pathology of most diseases. Therefore, understanding it is of the utmost importance. Infiltration of immune cells, known as leukocytes, can both resolve and exacerbate damage in disease, making the consequences of their presence in tissues complex. Gastric aspiration results from the acidic contents of the stomach leaking into the oropharynx from which it is then aspirated into the airspace of the lungs. In addition to the inflammation resulting from direct chemical damage to the lung, there is often superinfection by oropharyngeal bacteria. Gastric aspiration is extremely common, occurring in more than 50,000 patients every year; 30% of those cases are fatal. Bacterial bronchopneumonia is an infectious form of airspace disease in which bacterial infiltration of the lungs results in polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) recruitment and edema in the airspace. High PMN counts in the circulating blood are known to correlate with adverse outcomes in inflammatory lung pathologies. Currently, therapy for these conditions is mainly supportive care or antibiotics when appropriate. Pneumonia is a common infection, affecting 5 million people per year in the US, with 20% of cases requiring hospitalization and 12- 40% of these cases resulting in death. Despite the high prevalence and elevated morbidity and mortality associated with inflammatory lung diseases, little work has been done to characterize the recruitment patterns or transmigration of PMNs to the lungs in either health or disease.Previous work shows that recruitment and migration of leukocytes in the lungs differs from the systemic vasculature. Leukocyte extravasation into the alveoli is believed to occur via capillaries, although nobody has documented this in real time. Leukocyte recruitment is selectin-independent and the role of adhesion molecules like β2 integrins is stimulus specific. The step of transendothelial migration (TEM) or transmigration has been shown in the systemic circulation to require homophilic interactions between PECAM-1 and CD99 on the leukocyte and endothelial cell. Yet, the mechanism(s) of TEM of PMNs in the lungs in various pathologies has remained unclear. In the present study, we identify the mechanisms of TEM and function of PMN in acute inflammatory airspace diseases. We show that TEM of PMNs into the airspace during sterile pneumonia, ischemia/reperfusion injury, and both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial (non-sterile) pneumonia is PECAM-1 and CD99-dependent. While several groups have examined TEM in the lungs of rats, rabbits, and pigs, none have directly visualized TEM in vivo. We utilize intravital microscopy (IVM) of the lung to visualize PMN behavior directly. We demonstrate in real time in living mice that extravasation of PMN into the alveoli occurs directly via capillaries and this step is PECAM- and CD99-dependent. We also show that halting neutrophil trafficking into the airspace via this step of the inflammatory cascade has no direct therapeutic effect in models of murine lung injury that are translationally relevant, as the models are severe enough that approximately half the mice in the control groups die. We then pursue an explanation for this apparent paradox.Though they are often known for their damaging, pro-inflammatory effects, PMNs have also previously been shown to produce anti-inflammatory small molecules known as specially pro-resolving molecules (SPMs). We demonstrate that the absence of PMNs has a strongly deleterious effect during both sterile and non-sterile acute lung injury and identify three main SPMs produced by PMNs in the lungs: MaR1, LXA4, and 18-HEPE. We utilize our murine lung injury models to demonstrate that these molecules reduce PMN influx into the tissue during injury and promote survival of sterile and non-sterile injury.Collectively, these data identify the mechanism of transendothelial migration of PMNs in the lung during multiple types of airspace diseases and highlight the pro-resolving function of neutrophils during and after sterile injury. These studies will fill a critical gap in our knowledge of basic lung pathology and are crucial in developing better therapies for these diseases.
- 언어주기
- English
- 일반주제명
- Immunology
- 일반주제명
- Cellular biology
- 일반주제명
- Pathology
- 일반주제명
- Molecular biology
- 키워드
- Acute pneumonia
- 키워드
- Lung pathology
- 기타저자
- Northwestern University Driskill Graduate Training Program in Life Sciences
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-12B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■1001 ▼aHaynes, Maureen Elizabeth▼eauthor.▼0(orcid)0000-0001-7557-4162
■24510▼aIdentifying the Spatiotemporal Distribution and Functions of Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes During Acute Pneumonia ▼cMaureen Elizabeth Haynes
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bNorthwestern University▼c2025
■264 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a1 electronic resource (194 pages)
■336 ▼atext▼btxt▼2rdacontent
■337 ▼acomputer▼bc▼2rdamedia
■338 ▼aonline resource▼bcr▼2rdacarrier
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-12, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisors: Muller, William A. Committee members: Gottardi, Cara; Sporn, Peter; Budinger, GR Scott.
■5021 ▼bPh.D.▼cNorthwestern University▼d2025.
■520 ▼aInflammation underlies the pathology of most diseases. Therefore, understanding it is of the utmost importance. Infiltration of immune cells, known as leukocytes, can both resolve and exacerbate damage in disease, making the consequences of their presence in tissues complex. Gastric aspiration results from the acidic contents of the stomach leaking into the oropharynx from which it is then aspirated into the airspace of the lungs. In addition to the inflammation resulting from direct chemical damage to the lung, there is often superinfection by oropharyngeal bacteria. Gastric aspiration is extremely common, occurring in more than 50,000 patients every year; 30% of those cases are fatal. Bacterial bronchopneumonia is an infectious form of airspace disease in which bacterial infiltration of the lungs results in polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) recruitment and edema in the airspace. High PMN counts in the circulating blood are known to correlate with adverse outcomes in inflammatory lung pathologies. Currently, therapy for these conditions is mainly supportive care or antibiotics when appropriate. Pneumonia is a common infection, affecting 5 million people per year in the US, with 20% of cases requiring hospitalization and 12- 40% of these cases resulting in death. Despite the high prevalence and elevated morbidity and mortality associated with inflammatory lung diseases, little work has been done to characterize the recruitment patterns or transmigration of PMNs to the lungs in either health or disease.Previous work shows that recruitment and migration of leukocytes in the lungs differs from the systemic vasculature. Leukocyte extravasation into the alveoli is believed to occur via capillaries, although nobody has documented this in real time. Leukocyte recruitment is selectin-independent and the role of adhesion molecules like β2 integrins is stimulus specific. The step of transendothelial migration (TEM) or transmigration has been shown in the systemic circulation to require homophilic interactions between PECAM-1 and CD99 on the leukocyte and endothelial cell. Yet, the mechanism(s) of TEM of PMNs in the lungs in various pathologies has remained unclear. In the present study, we identify the mechanisms of TEM and function of PMN in acute inflammatory airspace diseases. We show that TEM of PMNs into the airspace during sterile pneumonia, ischemia/reperfusion injury, and both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial (non-sterile) pneumonia is PECAM-1 and CD99-dependent. While several groups have examined TEM in the lungs of rats, rabbits, and pigs, none have directly visualized TEM in vivo. We utilize intravital microscopy (IVM) of the lung to visualize PMN behavior directly. We demonstrate in real time in living mice that extravasation of PMN into the alveoli occurs directly via capillaries and this step is PECAM- and CD99-dependent. We also show that halting neutrophil trafficking into the airspace via this step of the inflammatory cascade has no direct therapeutic effect in models of murine lung injury that are translationally relevant, as the models are severe enough that approximately half the mice in the control groups die. We then pursue an explanation for this apparent paradox.Though they are often known for their damaging, pro-inflammatory effects, PMNs have also previously been shown to produce anti-inflammatory small molecules known as specially pro-resolving molecules (SPMs). We demonstrate that the absence of PMNs has a strongly deleterious effect during both sterile and non-sterile acute lung injury and identify three main SPMs produced by PMNs in the lungs: MaR1, LXA4, and 18-HEPE. We utilize our murine lung injury models to demonstrate that these molecules reduce PMN influx into the tissue during injury and promote survival of sterile and non-sterile injury.Collectively, these data identify the mechanism of transendothelial migration of PMNs in the lung during multiple types of airspace diseases and highlight the pro-resolving function of neutrophils during and after sterile injury. These studies will fill a critical gap in our knowledge of basic lung pathology and are crucial in developing better therapies for these diseases.
■546 ▼aEnglish
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0163
■650 4▼aImmunology
■650 4▼aCellular biology
■650 4▼aPathology
■650 4▼aMolecular biology
■653 ▼aInflammation underlies
■653 ▼aPolymorphonuclear leukocyte
■653 ▼aAcute pneumonia
■653 ▼aSpecially pro-resolving molecules
■653 ▼aLung pathology
■7102 ▼aNorthwestern University▼bDriskill Graduate Training Program in Life Sciences.▼edegree granting institution.
■7201 ▼aMuller, William A.▼edegree supervisor.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g86-12B.
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17357289▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


