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Ecology and Evolution of a Dominant Skin Commensal and Its Phage
Ecology and Evolution of a Dominant Skin Commensal and Its Phage
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260311091548.5
- ISBN
- 9798280721067
- DDC
- 579
- 서명/저자
- Ecology and Evolution of a Dominant Skin Commensal and Its Phage / Arielle Delphine Tripp
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : Harvard University, 2025
- 형태사항
- 1 electronic resource (134 pages)
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-12, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisors: Lieberman, Tami; Mitchison, Timothy Committee members: Huttenhower, Curtis; Grad, Yonatan; Baym, Michael.
- 학위논문주기
- - Ph.D. : Harvard University, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Poor predictability of stable microbial colonization undermines our ability to harness microbes in biotechnological and human health applications. How microbes colonize and evolve within ecosystems to create microbiomes with unique compositions, in which genetic variation occurs both within and across species boundaries is unclear. Bacteriophages are a likely determinant of colonization, as bacteria-phage dynamics are hypothesized to promote intraspecies diversity in microbiomes by generating strain-level population fluctuations. Human sebaceous skin offers a tractable model system to take a reductionist approach that combines metagenomics and culture-based whole genomics to extensively study the role of phage in microbial community colonization and intraspecies diversity in a natural ecosystem. This thesis studies the ecology and evolution of the highly abundant and ubiquitous skin commensal Cutibacterium acnes and its phage. The first chapter examines the role of phage-mediated selection in the assembly and structure of on-person C. acnes populations. We report findings that phage resistance is not a major determinant of C. acnes intraspecies diversity. As evidenced by widespread susceptibility to phage, resulting from weak selective pressure to maintain or diversify the limited pan-immune repertoire of C. acnes. Furthermore, despite the high prevalence of C. acnes phage in global facial skin metagenomes, the virus-to-microbe ratio is low, and phage-sensitive strains are the most prevalent and abundant members of on-person C. acnes populations. We therefore propose that the physiology and spatial structure of human skin buffers against strong phage-mediated selection and thus minimize the ecological relevance of encoding phage resistance. The second chapter examines the population structure and ecoevolutionary dynamics of C. acnes phage on human skin. We find strong evidence of one or more distinct phage lineages coexisting on individuals' skin with person-specific genetic signatures that likely arose from independent colonization events. Within these lineages, closely related phage sublineages can coexist and diversify within the same individual, indicating stable phage engraftment and subsequent on-person evolution rather than transient colonization. Overall, this work enhances understanding of phage-mediated ecological and phylogenetic determinants of microbial colonization in human ecosystems, highlights the potential of viruses to colonize and adapt in individual microbiomes, and contributes to better design of microbial-based products with higher potential for durable colonization.
- 언어주기
- English
- 일반주제명
- Microbiology
- 일반주제명
- Ecology
- 일반주제명
- Evolution & development
- 키워드
- C. acnes
- 키워드
- Evolution
- 키워드
- Phage
- 키워드
- Skin microbiome
- 기타저자
- Harvard University Systems Biology
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-12B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■00520260311091548.5
■006m o d
■007cr|nu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798280721067
■040 ▼aMiAaPQD▼beng▼cMiAaPQD▼erda
■082 ▼a579
■1001 ▼aTripp, Arielle Delphine▼eauthor.▼0(orcid)0000-0001-8611-7207
■24510▼aEcology and Evolution of a Dominant Skin Commensal and Its Phage ▼cArielle Delphine Tripp
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bHarvard University▼c2025
■264 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a1 electronic resource (134 pages)
■336 ▼atext▼btxt▼2rdacontent
■337 ▼acomputer▼bc▼2rdamedia
■338 ▼aonline resource▼bcr▼2rdacarrier
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-12, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisors: Lieberman, Tami; Mitchison, Timothy Committee members: Huttenhower, Curtis; Grad, Yonatan; Baym, Michael.
■5021 ▼bPh.D.▼cHarvard University▼d2025.
■520 ▼aPoor predictability of stable microbial colonization undermines our ability to harness microbes in biotechnological and human health applications. How microbes colonize and evolve within ecosystems to create microbiomes with unique compositions, in which genetic variation occurs both within and across species boundaries is unclear. Bacteriophages are a likely determinant of colonization, as bacteria-phage dynamics are hypothesized to promote intraspecies diversity in microbiomes by generating strain-level population fluctuations. Human sebaceous skin offers a tractable model system to take a reductionist approach that combines metagenomics and culture-based whole genomics to extensively study the role of phage in microbial community colonization and intraspecies diversity in a natural ecosystem. This thesis studies the ecology and evolution of the highly abundant and ubiquitous skin commensal Cutibacterium acnes and its phage. The first chapter examines the role of phage-mediated selection in the assembly and structure of on-person C. acnes populations. We report findings that phage resistance is not a major determinant of C. acnes intraspecies diversity. As evidenced by widespread susceptibility to phage, resulting from weak selective pressure to maintain or diversify the limited pan-immune repertoire of C. acnes. Furthermore, despite the high prevalence of C. acnes phage in global facial skin metagenomes, the virus-to-microbe ratio is low, and phage-sensitive strains are the most prevalent and abundant members of on-person C. acnes populations. We therefore propose that the physiology and spatial structure of human skin buffers against strong phage-mediated selection and thus minimize the ecological relevance of encoding phage resistance. The second chapter examines the population structure and ecoevolutionary dynamics of C. acnes phage on human skin. We find strong evidence of one or more distinct phage lineages coexisting on individuals' skin with person-specific genetic signatures that likely arose from independent colonization events. Within these lineages, closely related phage sublineages can coexist and diversify within the same individual, indicating stable phage engraftment and subsequent on-person evolution rather than transient colonization. Overall, this work enhances understanding of phage-mediated ecological and phylogenetic determinants of microbial colonization in human ecosystems, highlights the potential of viruses to colonize and adapt in individual microbiomes, and contributes to better design of microbial-based products with higher potential for durable colonization.
■546 ▼aEnglish
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0084
■650 4▼aMicrobiology
■650 4▼aEcology
■650 4▼aEvolution & development
■653 ▼aC. acnes
■653 ▼aEvolution
■653 ▼aPhage
■653 ▼aSkin microbiome
■7102 ▼aHarvard University▼bSystems Biology.▼edegree granting institution.
■7201 ▼aLieberman, Tami▼edegree supervisor.
■7201 ▼aMitchison, Timothy▼edegree supervisor.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g86-12B.
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17357825▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.
