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Dynamics in Thin Films Measured with Reflection-Mode Ultrafast Infrared Spectroscopy
Dynamics in Thin Films Measured with Reflection-Mode Ultrafast Infrared Spectroscopy
Dynamics in Thin Films Measured with Reflection-Mode Ultrafast Infrared Spectroscopy

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105623
ISBN  
9798265428899
DDC  
540
저자명  
Breen, John Patrick.
서명/저자  
Dynamics in Thin Films Measured with Reflection-Mode Ultrafast Infrared Spectroscopy
발행사항  
[Sl] : Stanford University, 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2023
형태사항  
319 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Fayer, Michael.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2023.
초록/해제  
요약Significant insights can be gained by studying the behavior of molecules in thin films. Many important processes in energy generation, chemical synthesis, gas capture, and tribology occur at interfaces. The properties of a chemical system near a surface are often different from those of the bulk material. Therefore, understanding interactions at surfaces is of great interest. In thin films, most or all of the molecules are close to the interface, providing a unique opportunity to measure the effect of the surface. In addition, thin films have many applications including solar cells, chemical sensors, and microelectronics components.In this work, two ultrafast infrared spectroscopy techniques were applied to thin films to measure their molecular dynamics on the picosecond time scale. The first technique, two-dimensional infrared (2D IR) spectroscopy, tracks the fluctuations of vibrational frequencies over time, which provides information about the structural evolution of the chemical system. The second technique, polarization-selective pumpprobe (PSPP) spectroscopy, measures the population relaxation from the vibrationally excited state, as well as the orientational relaxation that describes the angular diffusion of the molecules. The population relaxation is sensitive to the local environment, and the orientational relaxation depends on the extent of restriction of the molecular reorientation, and it is related to properties such as viscosity.Spectroscopy experiments on thin films are challenging because of the small number of molecules present in the samples. To make the experiments feasible, the signal was enhanced by using a reflection-mode geometry instead of the standard transmission geometry. This reflection-mode approach was previously developed for monolayer samples; in this work, the method is extended to thin films. The largest enhancements, 30x, are achieved by setting the incident angle of the probe beam close to Brewster's angle. For 2D IR experiments, the near-Brewster reflection data match the transmission data. However, for PSPP experiments, the near-Brewster reflection results differ substantially from the transmission data. Therefore, near-Brewster reflection PSPP data require additional theoretical corrections. A new method for extracting the correct dynamics from the near-Brewster PSPP experiment was developed in this work, as described in the final paragraph below.The first thin film system studied in this work was the two-dimensional perovskite (CH3NH3)2Pb(SCN)2I2. Near-Brewster 2D IR experiments were performed on these thin films. The results revealed that the SCNanions in adjacent layers are vibrationally coupled. Also, the perovskite lattice was found to undergo rapid structural fluctuations; this may be relevant to perovskites' effectiveness at stabilizing charge carriers.The second system studied was thin films of the room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (BmimNTf2). Near-Brewster reflection-mode 2D IR experiments showed that the thin film dynamics are much slower than those in the bulk liquid. The dynamics became increasingly slow with decreasing film thickness; by modeling the thickness dependence, the length scale was determined to be 28 ± 5 nm, a notably large value.Next, PSPP experiments were applied to thin films of the RTILs BmimNTf2 and BmimBF4 to measure their population relaxations. These experiments used a near-normal reflection geometry to avoid the theoretical complications associated with the nearBrewster geometry. The results showed the presence of two vibrational lifetimes, one bulk and one non-bulk, in the thin films, with the relative amplitude of the non-bulk lifetime increasing with decreasing film thickness. Modeling of the thickness dependence of the lifetime amplitudes resulted in interface length scales of 48.3 ± 2.2 nm for BmimNTf2 and 44.6 ± 0.6 nm for BmimBF4.
일반주제명  
Crystal structure
일반주제명  
Lifetime
일반주제명  
Anisotropy
일반주제명  
Fourier transforms
일반주제명  
Thin films
일반주제명  
Geometry
일반주제명  
Empowerment
일반주제명  
Condensed matter physics
일반주제명  
Materials science
일반주제명  
Mathematics
기타저자  
Stanford University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-05B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■020    ▼a9798265428899
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32316529
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■0820  ▼a540
■1001  ▼aBreen,  John  Patrick.
■24510▼aDynamics  in  Thin  Films  Measured  with  Reflection-Mode  Ultrafast  Infrared  Spectroscopy
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bStanford  University▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2023
■300    ▼a319  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-05,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Fayer,  Michael.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Stanford  University,  2023.
■520    ▼aSignificant  insights  can  be  gained  by  studying  the  behavior  of  molecules  in  thin  films.  Many  important  processes  in  energy  generation,  chemical  synthesis,  gas  capture,  and  tribology  occur  at  interfaces.  The  properties  of  a  chemical  system  near  a  surface  are  often  different  from  those  of  the  bulk  material.  Therefore,  understanding  interactions  at  surfaces  is  of  great  interest.  In  thin  films,  most  or  all  of  the  molecules  are  close  to  the  interface,  providing  a  unique  opportunity  to  measure  the  effect  of  the  surface.  In  addition,  thin  films  have  many  applications  including  solar  cells,  chemical  sensors,  and  microelectronics  components.In  this  work,  two  ultrafast  infrared  spectroscopy  techniques  were  applied  to  thin  films  to  measure  their  molecular  dynamics  on  the  picosecond  time  scale.  The  first  technique,  two-dimensional  infrared  (2D  IR)  spectroscopy,  tracks  the  fluctuations  of  vibrational  frequencies  over  time,  which  provides  information  about  the  structural  evolution  of  the  chemical  system.  The  second  technique,  polarization-selective  pumpprobe  (PSPP)  spectroscopy,  measures  the  population  relaxation  from  the  vibrationally  excited  state,  as  well  as  the  orientational  relaxation  that  describes  the  angular  diffusion  of  the  molecules.  The  population  relaxation  is  sensitive  to  the  local  environment,  and  the  orientational  relaxation  depends  on  the  extent  of  restriction  of  the  molecular  reorientation,  and  it  is  related  to  properties  such  as  viscosity.Spectroscopy  experiments  on  thin  films  are  challenging  because  of  the  small  number  of  molecules  present  in  the  samples.  To  make  the  experiments  feasible,  the  signal  was  enhanced  by  using  a  reflection-mode  geometry  instead  of  the  standard  transmission  geometry.  This  reflection-mode  approach  was  previously  developed  for  monolayer  samples;  in  this  work,  the  method  is  extended  to  thin  films.  The  largest  enhancements,  30x,  are  achieved  by  setting  the  incident  angle  of  the  probe  beam  close  to  Brewster's  angle.  For  2D  IR  experiments,  the  near-Brewster  reflection  data  match  the  transmission  data.  However,  for  PSPP  experiments,  the  near-Brewster  reflection  results  differ  substantially  from  the  transmission  data.  Therefore,  near-Brewster  reflection  PSPP  data  require  additional  theoretical  corrections.  A  new  method  for  extracting  the  correct  dynamics  from  the  near-Brewster  PSPP  experiment  was  developed  in  this  work,  as  described  in  the  final  paragraph  below.The  first  thin  film  system  studied  in  this  work  was  the  two-dimensional  perovskite  (CH3NH3)2Pb(SCN)2I2.  Near-Brewster  2D  IR  experiments  were  performed  on  these  thin  films.  The  results  revealed  that  the  SCNanions  in  adjacent  layers  are  vibrationally  coupled.  Also,  the  perovskite  lattice  was  found  to  undergo  rapid  structural  fluctuations;  this  may  be  relevant  to  perovskites'  effectiveness  at  stabilizing  charge  carriers.The  second  system  studied  was  thin  films  of  the  room  temperature  ionic  liquid  (RTIL)  1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium  bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide  (BmimNTf2).  Near-Brewster  reflection-mode  2D  IR  experiments  showed  that  the  thin  film  dynamics  are  much  slower  than  those  in  the  bulk  liquid.  The  dynamics  became  increasingly  slow  with  decreasing  film  thickness;  by  modeling  the  thickness  dependence,  the  length  scale  was  determined  to  be  28  ±  5  nm,  a  notably  large  value.Next,  PSPP  experiments  were  applied  to  thin  films  of  the  RTILs  BmimNTf2  and  BmimBF4  to  measure  their  population  relaxations.  These  experiments  used  a  near-normal  reflection  geometry  to  avoid  the  theoretical  complications  associated  with  the  nearBrewster  geometry.  The  results  showed  the  presence  of  two  vibrational  lifetimes,  one  bulk  and  one  non-bulk,  in  the  thin  films,  with  the  relative  amplitude  of  the  non-bulk  lifetime  increasing  with  decreasing  film  thickness.  Modeling  of  the  thickness  dependence  of  the  lifetime  amplitudes  resulted  in  interface  length  scales  of  48.3  ±  2.2  nm  for  BmimNTf2  and  44.6  ±  0.6  nm  for  BmimBF4.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0212.
■650  4▼aCrystal  structure
■650  4▼aLifetime
■650  4▼aAnisotropy
■650  4▼aFourier  transforms
■650  4▼aThin  films
■650  4▼aGeometry
■650  4▼aEmpowerment
■650  4▼aCondensed  matter  physics
■650  4▼aMaterials  science
■650  4▼aMathematics
■690    ▼a0611
■690    ▼a0794
■690    ▼a0405
■71020▼aStanford  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-05B.
■790    ▼a0212
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360817▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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