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Exploration of Resilient Divertors in Stellarators
Exploration of Resilient Divertors in Stellarators
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202104721
- ISBN
- 9798286497461
- DDC
- 530
- 서명/저자
- Exploration of Resilient Divertors in Stellarators
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : The University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 176 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Schmitz, Oliver;Bader, Aaron.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약A stable divertor concept is of significant importance for stellarator-based fusion energy. Optimized stellarator configurations will need stable divertors to withstand equilibrium changes which arise as plasma pressure is built up. The main focus of this work is the non-resonant divertor (NRD) as it is an alternative divertor solution to current stellarator divertors used in practice. NRDs separate the confined plasma from surrounding material structures. The intersection pattern of field lines with material surfaces, or divertor targets, is considered to be almost insensitive to plasma equilibrium effects. However, a complex scrape-off layer (SOL), which is created by a chaotic plasma boundary within the NRD geometry, connects the core plasma domain to the plasma facing surfaces (PFCs) through magnetic flux tubes of varying orders of magnitude length scales.The Compact Toroidal Hybrid (CTH) serves as a test-bed to explore NRD features in a simple circular wall geometry. This is done by scanning across several inductive current levels driven by the central solenoid of the device. Simulations observed a significant change of the chaotic magnetic edge structure along with an effective distance between the confined plasma region and the instrumented divertor wall target. At the same time, the helical intersection pattern of the field lines that strike the wall are contained within an overall narrow helical band. We identify this as a resilient strike line pattern. Within this pattern there are signatures of homoclinic and heteroclinic tangles that connect the interior island chains to the wall. These magnetic field structures are seen in heat flux modeling with the EMC3-EIRENE code to be governed by the long connection length LC of the field lines. At low inductive currents, the excursion of these field lines from the confined plasma is small and the configuration resembles a limited plasma wall scenario where a closed flux surface is intercepted by the PFC. For high inductive current levels of ≥ 6 kA, the helical strike line pattern splits into two bands and establishes a private magnetic flux region in between them. These bands act as divertor legs for the strike line pattern with distinct parallel particle flow SOL channels. These results demonstrate the NRD strike line pattern resiliency within CTH where the underlying chaotic field lines within the plasma boundary determine if the plasma wall scenario is diverted or limited.As CTH had a simple vessel geometry, we consider the Helically Symmetric eXperiment (HSX) to investigate the impact plasma shaping on resilient NRD divertor features in an optimized quasihelically symmetric (QHS) device. An expanded vessel wall was considered that would give space for implementation of a physical divertor target structure. The analysis was done for four different magnetic configurations with very different plasma edge behavior. A resilient strike line pattern was identified across all configurations by sampling the field lines' LC along the wall. This magnetic footprint calculation showed that the field lines along this helical intersection pattern have long LC. Further investigation into the details of the magnetic footprint's resilient helical band linked the magnetic structures in the edge with the field lines' radial penetration depth into the plasma. This analysis was carried out by introducing a new metric, the minimum radial connection of a field line from the last closed flux surface (LCFS) δN. The relationship, namely the deviation from an empirical scaling law, between the field lines' δN and LC suggested if field lines interacting with the wall are associated with structures such as resonant islands, cantori, and turnstiles. This helps determine the relevant magnetic flux channels based on the radial location of these chaotic edge structures and the divertor target footprint.The next step taken in HSX with this expanded wall was simulation of the basic plasma transport behavior with EMC3-EIRENE. We assessed SOL behavior to see if detachment, which is a desirable SOL regime for divertor performance, could be achieved on the bare wall and especially in the presence of open chaotic structures. By performing a scan of the upstream density nu, the modeled downstream quantities of temperature and density were connected to the overall power balance behavior as a function of nu. These quantities together suggest access into energy dissipative detachment. The high-recycling regime, however, was not obtained due to a lack of volumetric particle recombination and the simulated particle flux remained attached to the wall. Similar behavior of no observed high-recycling occurs in other stellarator devices and is, in general, a major research interest for NRD divertor performance. The simulated heat and particle flux on the wall location was also studied and found to be resilient on the wall. This is consistent with the results of field line following modeling. The EMC3-EIRENE work serves as a basis for future work into grid improvements for a deeper analysis into what is needed for a physical resilient divertor structure. For detachment access, this is important not only for identifying a mechanical structure(s) to improve volumetric particle recombination for detachment, but also for understanding other physics parameters necessary for detachment.Finally, the metrics developed and tested for CTH and HSX were applied to W7-X which is a quasi-isodynamic (QI) stellarator. The magnetic configurations studied in W7-X are high-performance scenarios which were found by changing the rotational transform and shifting the $5/5$ island chain inward with respect to the standard island divertor configuration. The current in-vessel island divertor components were removed in order to explore the open field line behavior of these magnetic configurations with the wall as the main PFC. This analysis was also performed to scope out a resilient NRD-like mechanical structure. Despite both configurations not featuring an open chaotic layer like was observed in HSX, the field lines of the chosen magnetic configurations at the wall followed the empirical relationship consistent with the HSX investigation's findings. This was also the case when one of the configuration's plasma wall scenario was a limiter. The field line following analysis in W7-X demonstrates the importance in identifying a high-performance equilibria with NRD magnetic edge features. Moreover, this is relevant for low magnetic shear QI stellarators like W7-X which are susceptible to equilibrium effects that alter the magnetic edge structure and hence the divertor setup.
- 일반주제명
- Plasma physics
- 일반주제명
- Physics
- 일반주제명
- Nuclear engineering
- 일반주제명
- Electromagnetics
- 키워드
- Divertors
- 키워드
- Fusion
- 키워드
- Magnetic fields
- 키워드
- Scrape-off layer
- 키워드
- Stellarators
- 기타저자
- The University of Wisconsin - Madison Nuclear Engineering & Engineering Physics
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■00520260202104721
■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798286497461
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32121511
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a530
■1001 ▼aGarcia, Kelly Adriana.
■24510▼aExploration of Resilient Divertors in Stellarators
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bThe University of Wisconsin - Madison▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a176 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Schmitz, Oliver;Bader, Aaron.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2025.
■520 ▼aA stable divertor concept is of significant importance for stellarator-based fusion energy. Optimized stellarator configurations will need stable divertors to withstand equilibrium changes which arise as plasma pressure is built up. The main focus of this work is the non-resonant divertor (NRD) as it is an alternative divertor solution to current stellarator divertors used in practice. NRDs separate the confined plasma from surrounding material structures. The intersection pattern of field lines with material surfaces, or divertor targets, is considered to be almost insensitive to plasma equilibrium effects. However, a complex scrape-off layer (SOL), which is created by a chaotic plasma boundary within the NRD geometry, connects the core plasma domain to the plasma facing surfaces (PFCs) through magnetic flux tubes of varying orders of magnitude length scales.The Compact Toroidal Hybrid (CTH) serves as a test-bed to explore NRD features in a simple circular wall geometry. This is done by scanning across several inductive current levels driven by the central solenoid of the device. Simulations observed a significant change of the chaotic magnetic edge structure along with an effective distance between the confined plasma region and the instrumented divertor wall target. At the same time, the helical intersection pattern of the field lines that strike the wall are contained within an overall narrow helical band. We identify this as a resilient strike line pattern. Within this pattern there are signatures of homoclinic and heteroclinic tangles that connect the interior island chains to the wall. These magnetic field structures are seen in heat flux modeling with the EMC3-EIRENE code to be governed by the long connection length LC of the field lines. At low inductive currents, the excursion of these field lines from the confined plasma is small and the configuration resembles a limited plasma wall scenario where a closed flux surface is intercepted by the PFC. For high inductive current levels of ≥ 6 kA, the helical strike line pattern splits into two bands and establishes a private magnetic flux region in between them. These bands act as divertor legs for the strike line pattern with distinct parallel particle flow SOL channels. These results demonstrate the NRD strike line pattern resiliency within CTH where the underlying chaotic field lines within the plasma boundary determine if the plasma wall scenario is diverted or limited.As CTH had a simple vessel geometry, we consider the Helically Symmetric eXperiment (HSX) to investigate the impact plasma shaping on resilient NRD divertor features in an optimized quasihelically symmetric (QHS) device. An expanded vessel wall was considered that would give space for implementation of a physical divertor target structure. The analysis was done for four different magnetic configurations with very different plasma edge behavior. A resilient strike line pattern was identified across all configurations by sampling the field lines' LC along the wall. This magnetic footprint calculation showed that the field lines along this helical intersection pattern have long LC. Further investigation into the details of the magnetic footprint's resilient helical band linked the magnetic structures in the edge with the field lines' radial penetration depth into the plasma. This analysis was carried out by introducing a new metric, the minimum radial connection of a field line from the last closed flux surface (LCFS) δN. The relationship, namely the deviation from an empirical scaling law, between the field lines' δN and LC suggested if field lines interacting with the wall are associated with structures such as resonant islands, cantori, and turnstiles. This helps determine the relevant magnetic flux channels based on the radial location of these chaotic edge structures and the divertor target footprint.The next step taken in HSX with this expanded wall was simulation of the basic plasma transport behavior with EMC3-EIRENE. We assessed SOL behavior to see if detachment, which is a desirable SOL regime for divertor performance, could be achieved on the bare wall and especially in the presence of open chaotic structures. By performing a scan of the upstream density nu, the modeled downstream quantities of temperature and density were connected to the overall power balance behavior as a function of nu. These quantities together suggest access into energy dissipative detachment. The high-recycling regime, however, was not obtained due to a lack of volumetric particle recombination and the simulated particle flux remained attached to the wall. Similar behavior of no observed high-recycling occurs in other stellarator devices and is, in general, a major research interest for NRD divertor performance. The simulated heat and particle flux on the wall location was also studied and found to be resilient on the wall. This is consistent with the results of field line following modeling. The EMC3-EIRENE work serves as a basis for future work into grid improvements for a deeper analysis into what is needed for a physical resilient divertor structure. For detachment access, this is important not only for identifying a mechanical structure(s) to improve volumetric particle recombination for detachment, but also for understanding other physics parameters necessary for detachment.Finally, the metrics developed and tested for CTH and HSX were applied to W7-X which is a quasi-isodynamic (QI) stellarator. The magnetic configurations studied in W7-X are high-performance scenarios which were found by changing the rotational transform and shifting the $5/5$ island chain inward with respect to the standard island divertor configuration. The current in-vessel island divertor components were removed in order to explore the open field line behavior of these magnetic configurations with the wall as the main PFC. This analysis was also performed to scope out a resilient NRD-like mechanical structure. Despite both configurations not featuring an open chaotic layer like was observed in HSX, the field lines of the chosen magnetic configurations at the wall followed the empirical relationship consistent with the HSX investigation's findings. This was also the case when one of the configuration's plasma wall scenario was a limiter. The field line following analysis in W7-X demonstrates the importance in identifying a high-performance equilibria with NRD magnetic edge features. Moreover, this is relevant for low magnetic shear QI stellarators like W7-X which are susceptible to equilibrium effects that alter the magnetic edge structure and hence the divertor setup.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0262.
■650 4▼aPlasma physics
■650 4▼aPhysics
■650 4▼aNuclear engineering
■650 4▼aElectromagnetics
■653 ▼aDivertors
■653 ▼aFusion
■653 ▼aMagnetic fields
■653 ▼aScrape-off layer
■653 ▼aStellarators
■690 ▼a0759
■690 ▼a0605
■690 ▼a0552
■690 ▼a0607
■71020▼aThe University of Wisconsin - Madison▼bNuclear Engineering & Engineering Physics.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-01B.
■790 ▼a0262
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358576▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


