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Adversarial Scenario Generation for Virtual Testing of Off-Road Autonomous Vehicles
Adversarial Scenario Generation for Virtual Testing of Off-Road Autonomous Vehicles
Adversarial Scenario Generation for Virtual Testing of Off-Road Autonomous Vehicles

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105245
ISBN  
9798291569726
DDC  
621
저자명  
Sender, Ted.
서명/저자  
Adversarial Scenario Generation for Virtual Testing of Off-Road Autonomous Vehicles
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Michigan, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
115 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-02, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Epureanu, Bogdan I.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Developing autonomous vehicles (AVs) that operate in diverse and demanding environments is a difficult challenge. These vehicles naturally have advanced vehicle dynamics, and to rise to the environment's demand, they consequently are controlled by sophisticated autonomy systems, which often consist of interconnected perception, navigation, and control systems. Understanding the weaknesses and limitations of these complex systems is crucial for understanding what they can and cannot do safely, properly, or at all. Simulation has become a valuable tool for AV testing because it is cheaper, easier, and safer than physical testing. This work focuses on autonomous ground vehicles, and the two classes of such vehicles are on-road/urban AVs and off-road AVs. On-road AVs operate in highly structured environments, but must deal with the uncertainty of what the surrounding dynamic actors (vehicles, pedestrians, etc.) are doing. On the other hand, off-road AVs must operate across a wide variety of highly unstructured and mostly static environments that consist of rugged (and potentially hazardous) terrain whose ground surface is often made of multiple non-uniform materials (e.g., soft-deformable soil, water, foliage, etc.). Much of the existing work for AV development and testing pertains to on-road/urban AVs and is thus centered around the challenges that plague on-road AVs (i.e., uncertainty of the dynamic actors). However, the off-road AV community is slowly growing and is deserving of similarly advanced tools to meet their development and testing needs. This dissertation focuses on developing one of the most important types of testing tools for off-road AVs, an area that is mostly non-existent. We specifically focus on the creation of an adversarial algorithm that can efficiently create scenarios that highlight weaknesses or limitations in the autonomy system. We propose a method called Black-Box Adversarially Compounding Regret Through Evolution (BACRE), which is an evolutionary algorithm guided by a novel regret-based metric for general navigation tasks. A black-box approach is often preferable when system complexity can be diverse, like with off-road AVs, and when whole-system testing is required. A custom simulation platform is also provided to assist with the automated testing of AVs in unstructured environments. We start by presenting a base version of BACRE and perform numerical experiments to demonstrate its potential. We then address several of BACRE's limitations and extend it to the case of generating adversarial 3-dimensional terrains, resulting in the BACRE-3D algorithm. The numerical experiments show that BACRE-3D is capable of pushing the entire simulation platform to its limits; BACRE-3D finds failure cases that show the chosen simulation platform is incapable of properly modeling scenarios it was expected to be capable of modeling, and it finds scenarios that push a state-of-the-art off-road trajectory planner to its limits. In summary, this dissertation fills a void in the (meager) off-road AV testing literature by showing how to break down the intractable problem of finding performance limitations of off-road AVs in high-dimensional, static, unstructured environments.
일반주제명  
Mechanical engineering
일반주제명  
Computer engineering
일반주제명  
Automotive engineering
키워드  
Autonomous vehicles
키워드  
Adversarial scenario generation
키워드  
Physical testing
키워드  
Evolutionary algorithm
기타저자  
University of Michigan Mechanical Engineering
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-02B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

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■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32272040
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■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a621
■1001  ▼aSender,  Ted.
■24510▼aAdversarial  Scenario  Generation  for  Virtual  Testing  of  Off-Road  Autonomous  Vehicles
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Michigan▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a115  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-02,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Epureanu,  Bogdan  I.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Michigan,  2025.
■520    ▼aDeveloping  autonomous  vehicles  (AVs)  that  operate  in  diverse  and  demanding  environments  is  a  difficult  challenge.  These  vehicles  naturally  have  advanced  vehicle  dynamics,  and  to  rise  to  the  environment's  demand,  they  consequently  are  controlled  by  sophisticated  autonomy  systems,  which  often  consist  of  interconnected  perception,  navigation,  and  control  systems.  Understanding  the  weaknesses  and  limitations  of  these  complex  systems  is  crucial  for  understanding  what  they  can  and  cannot  do  safely,  properly,  or  at  all.    Simulation  has  become  a  valuable  tool  for  AV  testing  because  it  is  cheaper,  easier,  and  safer  than  physical  testing.  This  work  focuses  on  autonomous  ground  vehicles,  and  the  two  classes  of  such  vehicles  are  on-road/urban  AVs  and  off-road  AVs.  On-road  AVs  operate  in  highly  structured  environments,  but  must  deal  with  the  uncertainty  of  what  the  surrounding  dynamic  actors  (vehicles,  pedestrians,  etc.)  are  doing.  On  the  other  hand,  off-road  AVs  must  operate  across  a  wide  variety  of  highly  unstructured  and  mostly  static  environments  that  consist  of  rugged  (and  potentially  hazardous)  terrain  whose  ground  surface  is  often  made  of  multiple  non-uniform  materials  (e.g.,  soft-deformable  soil,  water,  foliage,  etc.).  Much  of  the  existing  work  for  AV  development  and  testing  pertains  to  on-road/urban  AVs  and  is  thus  centered  around  the  challenges  that  plague  on-road  AVs  (i.e.,  uncertainty  of  the  dynamic  actors).  However,  the  off-road  AV  community  is  slowly  growing  and  is  deserving  of  similarly  advanced  tools  to  meet  their  development  and  testing  needs.  This  dissertation  focuses  on  developing  one  of  the  most  important  types  of  testing  tools  for  off-road  AVs,  an  area  that  is  mostly  non-existent.  We  specifically  focus  on  the  creation  of  an  adversarial  algorithm  that  can  efficiently  create  scenarios  that  highlight  weaknesses  or  limitations  in  the  autonomy  system.  We  propose  a  method  called  Black-Box  Adversarially  Compounding  Regret  Through  Evolution  (BACRE),  which  is  an  evolutionary  algorithm  guided  by  a  novel  regret-based  metric  for  general  navigation  tasks.  A  black-box  approach  is  often  preferable  when  system  complexity  can  be  diverse,  like  with  off-road  AVs,  and  when  whole-system  testing  is  required.  A  custom  simulation  platform  is  also  provided  to  assist  with  the  automated  testing  of  AVs  in  unstructured  environments.  We  start  by  presenting  a  base  version  of  BACRE  and  perform  numerical  experiments  to  demonstrate  its  potential.  We  then  address  several  of  BACRE's  limitations  and  extend  it  to  the  case  of  generating  adversarial  3-dimensional  terrains,  resulting  in  the  BACRE-3D  algorithm.  The  numerical  experiments  show  that  BACRE-3D  is  capable  of  pushing  the  entire  simulation  platform  to  its  limits;  BACRE-3D  finds  failure  cases  that  show  the  chosen  simulation  platform  is  incapable  of  properly  modeling  scenarios  it  was  expected  to  be  capable  of  modeling,  and  it  finds  scenarios  that  push  a  state-of-the-art  off-road  trajectory  planner  to  its  limits.  In  summary,  this  dissertation  fills  a  void  in  the  (meager)  off-road  AV  testing  literature  by  showing  how  to  break  down  the  intractable  problem  of  finding  performance  limitations  of  off-road  AVs  in  high-dimensional,  static,  unstructured  environments.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0127.
■650  4▼aMechanical  engineering
■650  4▼aComputer  engineering
■650  4▼aAutomotive  engineering
■653    ▼aAutonomous  vehicles
■653    ▼aAdversarial  scenario  generation
■653    ▼aPhysical  testing
■653    ▼aEvolutionary  algorithm
■690    ▼a0548
■690    ▼a0464
■690    ▼a0540
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Michigan▼bMechanical  Engineering.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-02B.
■790    ▼a0127
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359979▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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