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Host Determinants of Enterovirus Neuropathogenesis
Host Determinants of Enterovirus Neuropathogenesis
Host Determinants of Enterovirus Neuropathogenesis

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105627
ISBN  
9798265430021
DDC  
600
저자명  
Peters, Christine Elise.
서명/저자  
Host Determinants of Enterovirus Neuropathogenesis
발행사항  
[Sl] : Stanford University, 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2023
형태사항  
185 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-05, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Carette, Jan.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2023.
초록/해제  
요약Enteroviruses (EVs) comprise a large genus of positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses and are among the most common human infectious agents. EVs cause a wide range of diseases and recent outbreaks of several emerging EVs have been associated with severe neuropathogenesis highlighting their ongoing threat to public health. Apart from a vaccine against PV and two vaccines against EV-A71 in China, there are currently no approved antivirals or therapeutics to treat enterovirus infections. Thus, there is a pressing need to develop novel strategies for combating these medically important pathogens. Host-directed therapy (HDT) is an emerging strategy in the field of antivirals that aims to control viral infections by interfering with host cellular pathways. Evaluation of host targets for use in HDT is dependent on a comprehensive understanding of how a pathogen causes disease. In recent years, our understanding of how EVs co-opt cellular functions and cause disease has greatly accelerated with the advent of unbiased genetic and proteomic technologies and the use of human organoids to more accurately represent human viral infections. This thesis presents examples of applying genome-scale genetic screens and human spinal cord organoids to study how enteroviruses interact with host proteins to cause pathogenesis.In Chapter 1 of this thesis, we introduce enteroviruses as significant human pathogens, compare direct-acting antivirals and host-directed therapies, describe tools for unbiased discovery of host factors co-opted by EVs to promote their infection, and evaluate current model systems used for investigating how EVs cause disease. In Chapter 2, we conducted a comprehensive review on the molecular mechanisms by which neurotropic enteroviruses replicate and co-opt host cellular factors. In Chapter 3, we determined the molecular structure of the host factor SETD3 in complex with the enterovirus protease 2A and showed that formation of this complex is essential for enterovirus infection. In Chapter 4, we describe a previously undocumented role of inositol phosphate kinases, through a CRISPR-Cas9 screen, in regulating enterovirus infection. In Chapter 5, we utilize human spinal cord organoids as a novel model system to uncover unique infection mechanisms providing insights into how EVs cause neuropathogenesis in the central nervous system. Finally, in chapter 6, we draw conclusions and discuss future perspectives on genetic screens, host-directed therapies and the use of organoids as novel model systems to better understand mechanisms of disease and evaluate new therapeutic strategies for controlling infections.
일반주제명  
Infectious diseases
일반주제명  
Antiviral drugs
일반주제명  
Pathogens
일반주제명  
Glycoproteins
일반주제명  
Acids
일반주제명  
Biosynthesis
일반주제명  
Mutation
일반주제명  
Immunology
일반주제명  
Influenza
일반주제명  
Families & family life
일반주제명  
Drug resistance
일반주제명  
CRISPR
일반주제명  
Paralysis
일반주제명  
Epidemics
일반주제명  
Viruses
일반주제명  
Nervous system
일반주제명  
Viral infections
일반주제명  
Pathogenesis
일반주제명  
Spinal cord
일반주제명  
Respiratory diseases
일반주제명  
Interferon
일반주제명  
Virology
일반주제명  
Bioinformatics
일반주제명  
Disability studies
일반주제명  
Epidemiology
일반주제명  
Individual & family studies
일반주제명  
Neurosciences
일반주제명  
Pathology
일반주제명  
Pharmaceutical sciences
일반주제명  
Pharmacology
기타저자  
Stanford University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-05A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aPeters,  Christine  Elise.
■24510▼aHost  Determinants  of  Enterovirus  Neuropathogenesis
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bStanford  University▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2023
■300    ▼a185  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-05,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Carette,  Jan.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Stanford  University,  2023.
■520    ▼aEnteroviruses  (EVs)  comprise  a  large  genus  of  positive-sense  single-stranded  RNA  viruses  and  are  among  the  most  common  human  infectious  agents.  EVs  cause  a  wide  range  of  diseases  and  recent  outbreaks  of  several  emerging  EVs  have  been  associated  with  severe  neuropathogenesis  highlighting  their  ongoing  threat  to  public  health.  Apart  from  a  vaccine  against  PV  and  two  vaccines  against  EV-A71  in  China,  there  are  currently  no  approved  antivirals  or  therapeutics  to  treat  enterovirus  infections.  Thus,  there  is  a  pressing  need  to  develop  novel  strategies  for  combating  these  medically  important  pathogens.  Host-directed  therapy  (HDT)  is  an  emerging  strategy  in  the  field  of  antivirals  that  aims  to  control  viral  infections  by  interfering  with  host  cellular  pathways.  Evaluation  of  host  targets  for  use  in  HDT  is  dependent  on  a  comprehensive  understanding  of  how  a  pathogen  causes  disease.  In  recent  years,  our  understanding  of  how  EVs  co-opt  cellular  functions  and  cause  disease  has  greatly  accelerated  with  the  advent  of  unbiased  genetic  and  proteomic  technologies  and  the  use  of  human  organoids  to  more  accurately  represent  human  viral  infections.  This  thesis  presents  examples  of  applying  genome-scale  genetic  screens  and  human  spinal  cord  organoids  to  study  how  enteroviruses  interact  with  host  proteins  to  cause  pathogenesis.In  Chapter  1  of  this  thesis,  we  introduce  enteroviruses  as  significant  human  pathogens,  compare  direct-acting  antivirals  and  host-directed  therapies,  describe  tools  for  unbiased  discovery  of  host  factors  co-opted  by  EVs  to  promote  their  infection,  and  evaluate  current  model  systems  used  for  investigating  how  EVs  cause  disease.  In  Chapter  2,  we  conducted  a  comprehensive  review  on  the  molecular  mechanisms  by  which  neurotropic  enteroviruses  replicate  and  co-opt  host  cellular  factors.  In  Chapter  3,  we  determined  the  molecular  structure  of  the  host  factor  SETD3  in  complex  with  the  enterovirus  protease  2A  and  showed  that  formation  of  this  complex  is  essential  for  enterovirus  infection.  In  Chapter  4,  we  describe  a  previously  undocumented  role  of  inositol  phosphate  kinases,  through  a  CRISPR-Cas9  screen,  in  regulating  enterovirus  infection.  In  Chapter  5,  we  utilize  human  spinal  cord  organoids  as  a  novel  model  system  to  uncover  unique  infection  mechanisms  providing  insights  into  how  EVs  cause  neuropathogenesis  in  the  central  nervous  system.  Finally,  in  chapter  6,  we  draw  conclusions  and  discuss  future  perspectives  on  genetic  screens,  host-directed  therapies  and  the  use  of  organoids  as  novel  model  systems  to  better  understand  mechanisms  of  disease  and  evaluate  new  therapeutic  strategies  for  controlling  infections.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0212.
■650  4▼aInfectious  diseases
■650  4▼aAntiviral  drugs
■650  4▼aPathogens
■650  4▼aGlycoproteins
■650  4▼aAcids
■650  4▼aBiosynthesis
■650  4▼aMutation
■650  4▼aImmunology
■650  4▼aInfluenza
■650  4▼aFamilies  &  family  life
■650  4▼aDrug  resistance
■650  4▼aCRISPR
■650  4▼aParalysis
■650  4▼aEpidemics
■650  4▼aViruses
■650  4▼aNervous  system
■650  4▼aViral  infections
■650  4▼aPathogenesis
■650  4▼aSpinal  cord
■650  4▼aRespiratory  diseases
■650  4▼aInterferon
■650  4▼aVirology
■650  4▼aBioinformatics
■650  4▼aDisability  studies
■650  4▼aEpidemiology
■650  4▼aIndividual  &  family  studies
■650  4▼aNeurosciences
■650  4▼aPathology
■650  4▼aPharmaceutical  sciences
■650  4▼aPharmacology
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■690    ▼a0628
■690    ▼a0317
■690    ▼a0571
■690    ▼a0572
■690    ▼a0419
■71020▼aStanford  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-05A.
■790    ▼a0212
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360844▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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