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Infrared Spectra-Based Predictive Methods for Characterizing the Fuels of Tomorrow
Infrared Spectra-Based Predictive Methods for Characterizing the Fuels of Tomorrow
Infrared Spectra-Based Predictive Methods for Characterizing the Fuels of Tomorrow

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105628
ISBN  
9798265428851
DDC  
547.3
저자명  
Venkata, Vivek Boddapati.
서명/저자  
Infrared Spectra-Based Predictive Methods for Characterizing the Fuels of Tomorrow
발행사항  
[Sl] : Stanford University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
182 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-06, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Hanson, Ronald.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Decarbonization of energy systems that drive the transportation industry is imperative for effectively mitigating global greenhouse gas emissions. In this pursuit, the transition towards scalable and sustainable fuels will play a key role. Decarbonizing the aviation sector is particularly difficult, because of the challenges of implementing emerging energy technologies on aircraft. Sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs), which are hydrocarbon-based fuels derived from non-petroleum feedstocks, are expected to play a key role in combating aviation-related emissions in the coming decades. Since these fuels are intended to be "drop-in" replacement to conventional jet fuels, they are subject to stringent restrictions on their compositions and properties. The present regulatory approval process for SAFs is costly, time-consuming, and requires thousands of gallons of fuel for comprehensive testing. In an effort to lower the cost, time, fuel volumes, and risk associated with SAF certification, this dissertation develops a novel prescreening methodology based on Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to rapidly assess key fuel properties and combustion behavior.In the initial part of this dissertation, two chemometric strategies were developed based on vapor-phase FTIR spectra of jet fuel-relevant hydrocarbon fuels in the 2--15.38 micron wavelength range for predicting the eight physical and chemical properties of SAFs: molecular weight (MW), hydrogen-to-carbon (H/C) ratio, density, net heat of combustion (NHC), derived cetane number (DCN), threshold sooting index (TSI), flash point, and kinematic viscosity (KV). The physical and chemical properties of the fuels in the training dataset were sourced either from experimental data reported in the literature or calculated using relevant property blending correlations. Elastic-net-regularized linear models were first trained for each property by optimizing model parameters using a cross-validated grid search. The results from these models were compared with the results from previous models (Lasso-regularized linear models developed by Wang et al. at Stanford), which were trained on FTIR absorption spectra across the limited wavelength range of 3.3--3.55~μm. Use of the extended wavelength range and the new model-parameter optimization strategy resulted in significant improvement in predictive performance of the current models compared to the previous models for all eight properties. Subsequently, nonlinear support vector regression (SVR) models were trained to achieve greater prediction accuracy on properties such as DCN and flash point. The performance of the linear and nonlinear models was evaluated on a candidate SAF. Both the models showed high prediction accuracy on this test fuel for all properties, and outperformed standard ASTM test methods in terms of prediction error.In the later part of this dissertation, a series of shock tube experiments were conducted to study the pyrolysis of 15 neat hydrocarbons belonging to different molecular classes. Through these experiments, clear empirical trends were observed in intermediate formation with varying molecular structure, thereby laying a strong foundation for modeling the high-temperature chemistry based on fuel composition. Leveraging the strong sensitivity of combustion behavior to fuel structure, a new concept, called IR-HyChem was introduced. This approach aims to develop compact, fuel-specific Hybrid Chemistry (HyChem) models for real fuels solely on the basis of their FTIR spectra. A detailed methodology was proposed for determining the relevant model parameters. The approach was then applied to a real fuel (Jet-A), and the resulting IR-HyChem model was validated using global shock tube ignition delay time (IDT) measurements. The IR-HyChem model was found to accurately predict IDTs across a wide range of test conditions. A detailed analysis was conducted to identify feasible sets of IR-HyChem parameters. The uncertainty in IDT predictions stemming from the variability in model parameters was observed to be comparable to experimental uncertainty. The IR-HyChem prediction uncertainty for IDTs was similar to, if not lower than, that of the traditional HyChem model.Overall, the work presented in this dissertation demonstrated the utility of predictive models based on extended-wavelength FTIR spectra as an effective low-volume prescreening method for characterizing the properties and combustion behavior of new sustainable aviation fuel candidates.
일반주제명  
Hydrocarbons
일반주제명  
Molecular structure
일반주제명  
Aviation fuel
일반주제명  
Carbon
일반주제명  
Reproducibility
일반주제명  
Methane
일반주제명  
Industrial engineering
키워드  
Greenhouse gas emissions
키워드  
Sustainable aviation fuels
기타저자  
Stanford University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-06B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aVenkata,  Vivek  Boddapati.
■24510▼aInfrared  Spectra-Based  Predictive  Methods  for  Characterizing  the  Fuels  of  Tomorrow
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bStanford  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a182  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-06,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Hanson,  Ronald.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Stanford  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aDecarbonization  of  energy  systems  that  drive  the  transportation  industry  is  imperative  for  effectively  mitigating  global  greenhouse  gas  emissions.  In  this  pursuit,  the  transition  towards  scalable  and  sustainable  fuels  will  play  a  key  role.  Decarbonizing  the  aviation  sector  is  particularly  difficult,  because  of  the  challenges  of  implementing  emerging  energy  technologies  on  aircraft.  Sustainable  aviation  fuels  (SAFs),  which  are  hydrocarbon-based  fuels  derived  from  non-petroleum  feedstocks,  are  expected  to  play  a  key  role  in  combating  aviation-related  emissions  in  the  coming  decades.  Since  these  fuels  are  intended  to  be  "drop-in"  replacement  to  conventional  jet  fuels,  they  are  subject  to  stringent  restrictions  on  their  compositions  and  properties.  The  present  regulatory  approval  process  for  SAFs  is  costly,  time-consuming,  and  requires  thousands  of  gallons  of  fuel  for  comprehensive  testing.  In  an  effort  to  lower  the  cost,  time,  fuel  volumes,  and  risk  associated  with  SAF  certification,  this  dissertation  develops  a  novel  prescreening  methodology  based  on  Fourier  Transform  Infrared  (FTIR)  spectroscopy  to  rapidly  assess  key  fuel  properties  and  combustion  behavior.In  the  initial  part  of  this  dissertation,  two  chemometric  strategies  were  developed  based  on  vapor-phase  FTIR  spectra  of  jet  fuel-relevant  hydrocarbon  fuels  in  the  2--15.38  micron  wavelength  range  for  predicting  the  eight  physical  and  chemical  properties  of  SAFs:  molecular  weight  (MW),  hydrogen-to-carbon  (H/C)  ratio,  density,  net  heat  of  combustion  (NHC),  derived  cetane  number  (DCN),  threshold  sooting  index  (TSI),  flash  point,  and  kinematic  viscosity  (KV).  The  physical  and  chemical  properties  of  the  fuels  in  the  training  dataset  were  sourced  either  from  experimental  data  reported  in  the  literature  or  calculated  using  relevant  property  blending  correlations.  Elastic-net-regularized  linear  models  were  first  trained  for  each  property  by  optimizing  model  parameters  using  a  cross-validated  grid  search.  The  results  from  these  models  were  compared  with  the  results  from  previous  models  (Lasso-regularized  linear  models  developed  by  Wang  et  al.  at  Stanford),  which  were  trained  on  FTIR  absorption  spectra  across  the  limited  wavelength  range  of  3.3--3.55~μm.  Use  of  the  extended  wavelength  range  and  the  new  model-parameter  optimization  strategy  resulted  in  significant  improvement  in  predictive  performance  of  the  current  models  compared  to  the  previous  models  for  all  eight  properties.  Subsequently,  nonlinear  support  vector  regression  (SVR)  models  were  trained  to  achieve  greater  prediction  accuracy  on  properties  such  as  DCN  and  flash  point.  The  performance  of  the  linear  and  nonlinear  models  was  evaluated  on  a  candidate  SAF.  Both  the  models  showed  high  prediction  accuracy  on  this  test  fuel  for  all  properties,  and  outperformed  standard  ASTM  test  methods  in  terms  of  prediction  error.In  the  later  part  of  this  dissertation,  a  series  of  shock  tube  experiments  were  conducted  to  study  the  pyrolysis  of  15  neat  hydrocarbons  belonging  to  different  molecular  classes.  Through  these  experiments,  clear  empirical  trends  were  observed  in  intermediate  formation  with  varying  molecular  structure,  thereby  laying  a  strong  foundation  for  modeling  the  high-temperature  chemistry  based  on  fuel  composition.  Leveraging  the  strong  sensitivity  of  combustion  behavior  to  fuel  structure,  a  new  concept,  called  IR-HyChem  was  introduced.  This  approach  aims  to  develop  compact,  fuel-specific  Hybrid  Chemistry  (HyChem)  models  for  real  fuels  solely  on  the  basis  of  their  FTIR  spectra.  A  detailed  methodology  was  proposed  for  determining  the  relevant  model  parameters.  The  approach  was  then  applied  to  a  real  fuel  (Jet-A),  and  the  resulting  IR-HyChem  model  was  validated  using  global  shock  tube  ignition  delay  time  (IDT)  measurements.  The  IR-HyChem  model  was  found  to  accurately  predict  IDTs  across  a  wide  range  of  test  conditions.  A  detailed  analysis  was  conducted  to  identify  feasible  sets  of  IR-HyChem  parameters.  The  uncertainty  in  IDT  predictions  stemming  from  the  variability  in  model  parameters  was  observed  to  be  comparable  to  experimental  uncertainty.  The  IR-HyChem  prediction  uncertainty  for  IDTs  was  similar  to,  if  not  lower  than,  that  of  the  traditional  HyChem  model.Overall,  the  work  presented  in  this  dissertation  demonstrated  the  utility  of  predictive  models  based  on  extended-wavelength  FTIR  spectra  as  an  effective  low-volume  prescreening  method  for  characterizing  the  properties  and  combustion  behavior  of  new  sustainable  aviation  fuel  candidates. 
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0212.
■650  4▼aHydrocarbons
■650  4▼aMolecular  structure
■650  4▼aAviation  fuel
■650  4▼aCarbon
■650  4▼aReproducibility
■650  4▼aMethane
■650  4▼aIndustrial  engineering
■653    ▼aGreenhouse  gas  emissions
■653    ▼aSustainable  aviation  fuels
■690    ▼a0546
■71020▼aStanford  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-06B.
■790    ▼a0212
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360849▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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