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Subcutaneous Adipose Landscape During Aging
Subcutaneous Adipose Landscape During Aging
Subcutaneous Adipose Landscape During Aging

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202103541
ISBN  
9798288866326
DDC  
574
저자명  
Lin, Frances.
서명/저자  
Subcutaneous Adipose Landscape During Aging
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of California, Berkeley, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
89 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Sul, Hei Sook.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약White adipose tissue (WAT) plays a critical role in metabolic homeostasis by serving as the primary energy storage organ. Adipose tissue also secretes adipokines that control various biological processes such as appetite and insulin sensitivity. Dysregulation of WAT results in metabolic complications such as obesity, characterized by an excess accumulation of WAT, and lipodystrophy, characterized by a loss of adipose tissue. As a result, WAT is regulated, autonomously and by cross-talk with other type of cells and organs. With the world's population aging rapidly, there is growing demand for understanding the mechanisms involved in aging-related metabolic diseases. Aging is a process that targets the whole organism including highly metabolically active organs, such as the brain. Obesity is associated with numerous diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, as well as neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. The aims of this dissertation work were to investigate changes in WAT as well as in brain during aging, which may serve as promising avenues to combat age-related health problems. Chapter 1 reviews the development of various adipose depots, particularly subcutaneous and visceral adipose. The two largest depots of white adipose tissue can be categorized into subcutaneous adipose tissue and visceral adipose tissue. While both depots share similar lipid accumulating functions, both subcutaneous and visceral adipose are developmentally and functionally distinct. Subcutaneous WAT develops perinatally while visceral WAT forms after birth. Importantly, while visceral adipose is associated with pathological conditions, such as insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease, subcutaneous adipose is protective against these diseases in humans. These differences have attracted much attention to elucidate the underlying developmental origins and cellular hierarchy. Lineage tracing has revealed multiple developmental origins of SAT and VAT, and single-cell transcriptomics has revealed population heterogeneity of adipose precursors. Some populations exist in both depots, such as DPP4+ precursors, ICAM1+ precursors, CP-A preadipocytes and Aregs, while others are depot-specific, such as FIPs in VAT. In aging, adipose undergoes diverse changes, including a decrease in adipose progenitor function, accumulation of senescent cells, and chronic inflammation. Importantly, in contrast to VAT mass that increases during aging, SAT mass decreases in aging, although its underlying mechanism is not understood.Chapter 2 describes the investigation of the subcutaneous-specific decrease in adipose during aging. single-cell RNA sequencing showed a unique anti-adipogenic population of aging-dependent regulatory cells (ARCs) that emerge only in subcutaneous adipose of aged mice and humans and that may contribute to the aging-associated loss of subcutaneous adipose tissue. ARCs are of fibroblast lineage and express adipose progenitor markers but lack adipogenic capacity. They secrete high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as CCL6, to inhibit the proliferation and differentiation of neighboring adipose precursors. PU.1 is the driving factor for ARC development. Overexpression of PU.1 in 3T3-L1 cells results in an ARC-like phenotype, and knockdown of PU.1 in isolated ARCs restores adipogenic capacity.Chapter 3 profiles work on the NADH oxidoreductase, Aifm3. Aifm3 is highly expressed in brain with enrichment in astrocytes but found at very low levelS in other tissues. I found Aifm3 to associate with mitochondria and increases NAD+/NADH, resulting in higher glycolytic rate and lactate production in C8-D1A astrocytes. [U-13C]-glucose stable isotope labeling and untargeted metabolomics showed increased metabolites relating to the glycolytic pathway, positively correlating with Aifm3 expression levels. Moreover, Aifm3 contains an iron-sulfur Rieske domain and revealed to respond to and protect astrocytes from oxidative stress. Astrocytes lacking the Rieske domain of Aifm3 are shown to insufficiently respond to oxidative stress compared to astrocytes with the full-length Aifm3. Overexpression of Aifm3 in astrocytes demonstrated higher glycolytic rates and lactate production whereas knockdown of Aifm3 in astrocytes decreased glycolytic rates and lactate production. Furthermore, Aifm3 expression decreased oxidative stress and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in astrocytes, and together with providing increased energy substrate for oxidative metabolism, supported the health and synaptic growth of neighboring neurons. Chapter 4 concludes and describes the importance of understanding the metabolic and cellular changes during aging and presents remaining questions and future directions.
일반주제명  
Biology
일반주제명  
Physiology
일반주제명  
Neurosciences
일반주제명  
Gerontology
일반주제명  
Biochemistry
키워드  
White adipose tissue
키워드  
Metabolic diseases
키워드  
Adipose progenitors
키워드  
Aifm3
키워드  
Obesity
기타저자  
University of California, Berkeley Natural Resources
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aLin,  Frances.
■24510▼aSubcutaneous  Adipose  Landscape  During  Aging
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a89  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-01,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Sul,  Hei  Sook.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Berkeley,  2025.
■520    ▼aWhite  adipose  tissue  (WAT)  plays  a  critical  role  in  metabolic  homeostasis  by  serving  as  the  primary  energy  storage  organ.  Adipose  tissue  also  secretes  adipokines  that  control  various  biological  processes  such  as  appetite  and  insulin  sensitivity.  Dysregulation  of  WAT  results  in  metabolic  complications  such  as  obesity,  characterized  by  an  excess  accumulation  of  WAT,  and  lipodystrophy,  characterized  by  a  loss  of  adipose  tissue.  As  a  result,  WAT  is  regulated,  autonomously  and  by  cross-talk  with  other  type  of  cells  and  organs.  With  the  world's  population  aging  rapidly,  there  is  growing  demand  for  understanding  the  mechanisms  involved  in  aging-related  metabolic  diseases.  Aging  is  a  process  that  targets  the  whole  organism  including  highly  metabolically  active  organs,  such  as  the  brain.  Obesity  is  associated  with  numerous  diseases  such  as  diabetes,  cardiovascular  diseases,  cancer,  as  well  as  neurodegenerative  diseases,  such  as  Alzheimer's  disease.  The  aims  of  this  dissertation  work  were  to  investigate  changes  in  WAT  as  well  as  in  brain  during  aging,  which  may  serve  as  promising  avenues  to  combat  age-related  health  problems.  Chapter  1  reviews  the  development  of  various  adipose  depots,  particularly  subcutaneous  and  visceral  adipose.  The  two  largest  depots  of  white  adipose  tissue  can  be  categorized  into  subcutaneous  adipose  tissue  and  visceral  adipose  tissue.  While  both  depots  share  similar  lipid  accumulating  functions,  both  subcutaneous  and  visceral  adipose  are  developmentally  and  functionally  distinct.  Subcutaneous  WAT  develops  perinatally  while  visceral  WAT  forms  after  birth.  Importantly,  while  visceral  adipose  is  associated  with  pathological  conditions,  such  as  insulin  resistance  and  cardiovascular  disease,  subcutaneous  adipose  is  protective  against  these  diseases  in  humans.  These  differences  have  attracted  much  attention  to  elucidate  the  underlying  developmental  origins  and  cellular  hierarchy.  Lineage  tracing  has  revealed  multiple  developmental  origins  of  SAT  and  VAT,  and  single-cell  transcriptomics  has  revealed  population  heterogeneity  of  adipose  precursors.  Some  populations  exist  in  both  depots,  such  as  DPP4+  precursors,  ICAM1+  precursors,  CP-A  preadipocytes  and  Aregs,  while  others  are  depot-specific,  such  as  FIPs  in  VAT.  In  aging,  adipose  undergoes  diverse  changes,  including  a  decrease  in  adipose  progenitor  function,  accumulation  of  senescent  cells,  and  chronic  inflammation.  Importantly,  in  contrast  to  VAT  mass  that  increases  during  aging,  SAT  mass  decreases  in  aging,  although  its  underlying  mechanism  is  not  understood.Chapter  2  describes  the  investigation  of  the  subcutaneous-specific  decrease  in  adipose  during  aging.  single-cell  RNA  sequencing  showed  a  unique  anti-adipogenic  population  of  aging-dependent  regulatory  cells  (ARCs)  that  emerge  only  in  subcutaneous  adipose  of  aged  mice  and  humans  and  that  may  contribute  to  the  aging-associated  loss  of  subcutaneous  adipose  tissue.  ARCs  are  of  fibroblast  lineage  and  express  adipose  progenitor  markers  but  lack  adipogenic  capacity.  They  secrete  high  levels  of  pro-inflammatory  cytokines,  such  as  CCL6,  to  inhibit  the  proliferation  and  differentiation  of  neighboring  adipose  precursors.  PU.1  is  the  driving  factor  for  ARC  development.  Overexpression  of  PU.1  in  3T3-L1  cells  results  in  an  ARC-like  phenotype,  and  knockdown  of  PU.1  in  isolated  ARCs  restores  adipogenic  capacity.Chapter  3  profiles  work  on  the  NADH  oxidoreductase,  Aifm3.  Aifm3  is  highly  expressed  in  brain  with  enrichment  in  astrocytes  but  found  at  very  low  levelS  in  other  tissues.  I  found  Aifm3  to  associate  with  mitochondria  and  increases  NAD+/NADH,  resulting  in  higher  glycolytic  rate  and  lactate  production  in  C8-D1A  astrocytes.  [U-13C]-glucose  stable  isotope  labeling  and  untargeted  metabolomics  showed  increased  metabolites  relating  to  the  glycolytic  pathway,  positively  correlating  with  Aifm3  expression  levels.  Moreover,  Aifm3  contains  an  iron-sulfur  Rieske  domain  and  revealed  to  respond  to  and  protect  astrocytes  from  oxidative  stress.  Astrocytes  lacking  the  Rieske  domain  of  Aifm3  are  shown  to  insufficiently  respond  to  oxidative  stress  compared  to  astrocytes  with  the  full-length  Aifm3.  Overexpression  of  Aifm3  in  astrocytes  demonstrated  higher  glycolytic  rates  and  lactate  production  whereas  knockdown  of  Aifm3  in  astrocytes  decreased  glycolytic  rates  and  lactate  production.  Furthermore,  Aifm3  expression  decreased  oxidative  stress  and  expression  of  pro-inflammatory  cytokines  in  astrocytes,  and  together  with  providing  increased  energy  substrate  for  oxidative  metabolism,  supported  the  health  and  synaptic  growth  of  neighboring  neurons.  Chapter  4  concludes  and  describes  the  importance  of  understanding  the  metabolic  and  cellular  changes  during  aging  and  presents  remaining  questions  and  future  directions.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0028.
■650  4▼aBiology
■650  4▼aPhysiology
■650  4▼aNeurosciences
■650  4▼aGerontology
■650  4▼aBiochemistry
■653    ▼aWhite  adipose  tissue
■653    ▼aMetabolic  diseases
■653    ▼aAdipose  progenitors
■653    ▼aAifm3
■653    ▼aObesity
■690    ▼a0306
■690    ▼a0487
■690    ▼a0317
■690    ▼a0719
■690    ▼a0351
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼bNatural  Resources.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-01A.
■790    ▼a0028
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17357647▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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