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Design-Based Causal Inference for Randomized Experiments: A Unified Framework for a Diverging Number of Treatment Arms and Varying Sample Sizes
Design-Based Causal Inference for Randomized Experiments: A Unified Framework for a Diverging Number of Treatment Arms and Varying Sample Sizes
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202103543
- ISBN
- 9798288863554
- DDC
- 310
- 저자명
- Shi, Lei.
- 서명/저자
- Design-Based Causal Inference for Randomized Experiments: A Unified Framework for a Diverging Number of Treatment Arms and Varying Sample Sizes
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : University of California, Berkeley, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 219 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Ding, Peng;Wang, Jingshen.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약This manuscript includes novel results on design-based causal inference and aim to develop a unifying theoretical/methodological framework for different regimes of randomized experiments. This manuscript contains three self-contained chapters.Chapter 1. [1] introduced the randomization model, which contains the notation of potential outcomes to define causal effects and a framework for large-sample inference based on the design of the experiment. However, the existing theory for this framework is far from complete especially when the number of treatment levels diverges and the treatment group sizes vary. We provide a unified discussion of statistical inference under the randomization model with general treatment group sizes. We formulate the estimator in terms of a linear permutational statistic and use results based on Stein's method to derive various Berry-Esseen bounds on the linear and quadratic functions of the estimator. These new Berry-Esseen bounds serve as basis for design-based causal inference with possibly diverging treatment levels and a diverging number of causal parameters of interest. We also fill an important gap by proposing novel variance estimators for experiments with possibly many treatment levels without replications. Equipped with the newly developed results, design-based causal inference in general settings becomes more convenient with stronger theoretical guarantees.Chapter 2. Ever since the seminal work of R. A. Fisher and F. Yates, factorial designs have been an important experimental tool to simultaneously estimate the effects of multiple treatment factors. In factorial designs, the number of treatment combinations grows exponentially with the number of treatment factors, which motivates the forward selection strategy based on the sparsity, hierarchy, and heredity principles for factorial effects. Although this strategy is intuitive and has been widely used in practice, its rigorous statistical theory has not been formally established. To fill this gap, we establish design-based theory for forward factor selection in factorial designs based on the potential outcome framework. We not only prove a consistency property for the factor selection procedure but also discuss statistical inference after factor selection. In particular, with selection consistency, we quantify the advantages of forward selection based on asymptotic efficiency gain in estimating factorial effects. With inconsistent selection in higher-order interactions, we propose two strategies and investigate their impact on subsequent inference. Our formulation differs from the existing literature on variable selection and post-selection inference because our theory is based solely on the physical randomization of the factorial design and does not rely on a correctly specified outcome model.Chapter 3. [1]'s seminal work in 1923 has been a milestone in statistics over the century, which has motivated many fundamental statistical concepts and methodology. In this review, we delve into [1]'s groundbreaking contribution and offer technical insights into the design and analysis of randomized experiments. We shall review the basic setup of completely randomized experiments and the classical approaches for inferring the average treatment effects. We shall in particular review more efficient design and analysis of randomized experiments by utilizing pretreatment covariates, which move beyond Neyman's original work without involving any covariate. We then summarize several technical ingredients regarding randomizations and permutations that have been developed over the century, such as permutational central limit theorems and Berry--Esseen bounds, and elaborate on how these technical results facilitate the understanding of randomized experiments. The discussion is also extended to other randomized experiments including rerandomization, stratified randomized experiments, matched pair experiments, cluster randomized experiments, etc.
- 일반주제명
- Statistics
- 일반주제명
- Biostatistics
- 일반주제명
- Applied mathematics
- 키워드
- Causal inference
- 키워드
- Permutations
- 키워드
- Stein's method
- 기타저자
- University of California, Berkeley Biostatistics
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■020 ▼a9798288863554
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■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a310
■1001 ▼aShi, Lei.
■24510▼aDesign-Based Causal Inference for Randomized Experiments: A Unified Framework for a Diverging Number of Treatment Arms and Varying Sample Sizes
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity of California, Berkeley▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a219 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Ding, Peng;Wang, Jingshen.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2025.
■520 ▼aThis manuscript includes novel results on design-based causal inference and aim to develop a unifying theoretical/methodological framework for different regimes of randomized experiments. This manuscript contains three self-contained chapters.Chapter 1. [1] introduced the randomization model, which contains the notation of potential outcomes to define causal effects and a framework for large-sample inference based on the design of the experiment. However, the existing theory for this framework is far from complete especially when the number of treatment levels diverges and the treatment group sizes vary. We provide a unified discussion of statistical inference under the randomization model with general treatment group sizes. We formulate the estimator in terms of a linear permutational statistic and use results based on Stein's method to derive various Berry-Esseen bounds on the linear and quadratic functions of the estimator. These new Berry-Esseen bounds serve as basis for design-based causal inference with possibly diverging treatment levels and a diverging number of causal parameters of interest. We also fill an important gap by proposing novel variance estimators for experiments with possibly many treatment levels without replications. Equipped with the newly developed results, design-based causal inference in general settings becomes more convenient with stronger theoretical guarantees.Chapter 2. Ever since the seminal work of R. A. Fisher and F. Yates, factorial designs have been an important experimental tool to simultaneously estimate the effects of multiple treatment factors. In factorial designs, the number of treatment combinations grows exponentially with the number of treatment factors, which motivates the forward selection strategy based on the sparsity, hierarchy, and heredity principles for factorial effects. Although this strategy is intuitive and has been widely used in practice, its rigorous statistical theory has not been formally established. To fill this gap, we establish design-based theory for forward factor selection in factorial designs based on the potential outcome framework. We not only prove a consistency property for the factor selection procedure but also discuss statistical inference after factor selection. In particular, with selection consistency, we quantify the advantages of forward selection based on asymptotic efficiency gain in estimating factorial effects. With inconsistent selection in higher-order interactions, we propose two strategies and investigate their impact on subsequent inference. Our formulation differs from the existing literature on variable selection and post-selection inference because our theory is based solely on the physical randomization of the factorial design and does not rely on a correctly specified outcome model.Chapter 3. [1]'s seminal work in 1923 has been a milestone in statistics over the century, which has motivated many fundamental statistical concepts and methodology. In this review, we delve into [1]'s groundbreaking contribution and offer technical insights into the design and analysis of randomized experiments. We shall review the basic setup of completely randomized experiments and the classical approaches for inferring the average treatment effects. We shall in particular review more efficient design and analysis of randomized experiments by utilizing pretreatment covariates, which move beyond Neyman's original work without involving any covariate. We then summarize several technical ingredients regarding randomizations and permutations that have been developed over the century, such as permutational central limit theorems and Berry--Esseen bounds, and elaborate on how these technical results facilitate the understanding of randomized experiments. The discussion is also extended to other randomized experiments including rerandomization, stratified randomized experiments, matched pair experiments, cluster randomized experiments, etc.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0028.
■650 4▼aStatistics
■650 4▼aBiostatistics
■650 4▼aApplied mathematics
■653 ▼aCausal inference
■653 ▼aCentral limit theorem
■653 ▼aPermutations
■653 ▼aPotential outcome
■653 ▼aRandomized experiment
■653 ▼aStein's method
■690 ▼a0463
■690 ▼a0308
■690 ▼a0364
■71020▼aUniversity of California, Berkeley▼bBiostatistics.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-01B.
■790 ▼a0028
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17357663▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


